UMary Allen
Umgogodla uyingxenye ebalulekile yohlaka lwamathambo. Iqukethe ama-vertebrae, abizwa ngokuthi i-dorsal vertebrae. Lawa ma-vertebrae axhunywe komunye nomunye ngamalunga. Lokho kwenza umhlane uguquguquke.
Akuzona zonke izilwane ezincelisayo ezinenombolo efanayo yama-vertebrae. Izingxenye ngazinye zingase zibe nokuningi noma okuncane kwakho. Kodwa-ke, i-vertebrae ingaba nobude obuhlukile. Kokubili abantu kanye nezindlulamithi banamathambo omgogodla womlomo wesibeletho ayisikhombisa, kodwa ama-vertebrae endlulamithi made kakhulu.
Umgogodla unemisebenzi emibili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, igcina umzimba uzinzile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ivikela izinzwa ezifika kuwo wonke umzimba zisuka ebuchosheni.
Yini engokwe-vertebra?
I-vertebra iqukethe umzimba we-vertebral, ocishe ube yindilinga. Ehlangothini ngalunye lwalo kune-vertebral arch. Ngemuva kune-hump, inqubo ye-spinous. Ungayibona kahle kubantu futhi uyizwe ngesandla.
Phakathi kwayo yonke imizimba emibili yama-vertebral kukhona i-disk eyindilinga ye-cartilage. Abizwa ngokuthi ama-intervertebral discs. Bamunca ukwethuka. Bantu abadala, zomani nifinyele kancane. Yingakho abantu beba bancane esikhathini sokuphila.
I-arch ngayinye ye-vertebral ixhunywe kumakhelwane wayo ngaphezulu nangaphansi ngokuhlanganyela. Lokhu kwenza umhlane uguquguquke futhi uzinze ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ama-vertebrae ahlanganiswe ndawonye ngama-ligaments nemisipha. Imigqa yinto efana nemisipha.
Kukhona umgodi phakathi komzimba we-vertebral, i-vertebral arch, kanye nenqubo ye-spinous. Kufana ne-elevator shaft endlini. Lapho, intambo ewugqinsi yezinzwa igijima isuka ebuchosheni iye ekupheleni komgogodla futhi isuke lapho iye emilenzeni. Le ntambo yezinzwa ibizwa ngokuthi umgogodla.
Uhlukaniswe kanjani umgogodla?
Umgogodla uhlukaniswe izigaba ezahlukene. Umgogodla womlomo wesibeletho yiwona oguquguqukayo kakhulu, futhi ama-vertebrae amancane kakhulu. Kufanele futhi uthwale ikhanda lakho kuphela.
Umgogodla wethoracic uqukethe i-thoracic vertebrae. Okukhethekile ngabo ukuthi izimbambo zinamathele ngokukhululekile kuzo. Izimbambo ziyaphakama uma uphefumula. Umgogodla wesifuba nezimbambo ndawonye zakha ikheji yezimbambo.
I-lumbar vertebrae inkulu kakhulu ngoba ithwala isisindo esiningi. Ngenxa yalokho, akasheshisi kakhulu. I-lumbar spine yilapho ubuhlungu obukhulu buvela khona, ikakhulukazi kubantu asebekhulile nalabo abathwala isisindo esiningi.
I-sacrum nayo iyingxenye yomgogodla. Iqukethe ama-vertebrae ngamanye. Kodwa zihlanganiswe ndawonye kangangokuthi zifana nepuleti lethambo elinezimbobo. Kukhona i-pelvic scoop ohlangothini ngalunye. Axhunywe ijoyinti elinyakaza kancane uma uhamba.
I-coccyx ihlala ngaphansi kwe-sacrum. Kubantu, incane futhi igobile ngaphakathi. Ungawuzwa phakathi kwezinqe ngesandla sakho. Kubuhlungu uma uwa ngesinqe, isibonelo, uma ushelele eqhweni. Yini i-coccyx eyabantu, umsila ngowezilwane ezincelisayo.