UMary Allen
Izimfudu ziyizilwane ezihuquzelayo. Kwenziwa umehluko phakathi kwezimfudu nezimfudu, ezinye zazo ezihlala emanzini ahlanzekile kanti ezinye emanzini anosawoti. Ufudu lungaphila iminyaka engu-100, kanti ufudu olukhulu lundala nakakhulu.
Izimfudu zidla ikakhulukazi amakhambi e-meadow. Ekuthunjweni, bangaphinda baphakelwe ulethisi futhi ngezikhathi ezithile izithelo noma imifino. Izimfudu zasolwandle zithanda ama-squid, izinkalankala, noma i-jellyfish njengokudla. Izinhlobo ezihlala emanzini ahlanzekile zidla izitshalo, izinhlanzi ezincane, noma izibungu zezinambuzane.
Izimfudu ziyizilwane ezinegazi elibandayo ngakho-ke zisebenza kakhulu uma kufudumele. Ebusika zilala izinyanga ezintathu kuya kwezine ezingeni lokushisa elingu-XNUMX degrees Celsius. Ngalesi sikhathi bayaphumula futhi abadli lutho.
Izimfudu zizalela amaqanda ehlobo. Insikazi imba umgodi ngezinyawo zayo zangemuva lapho izozalela khona amaqanda ayo. Amaqanda agqitshwa futhi achanyuselwe emhlabathini ngenxa yokufudumala kwelanga. Umama akasenandaba. Kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, izinga lokushisa ekufukamelelweni kuphela elinquma ukuthi izimfudu zesilisa noma zesifazane ziyachanyuselwa yini. Njenge-precocial, basuke bebodwa ngokushesha. Nabo kamuva baphila bodwa.
Ithangi likhula kanjani?
Ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo, izikhali zavela ezimbanjeni. Kumila isihlangu sophondo phezu kwawo. Kwezinye izimfudu, amapuleti ezimpondo zangaphandle ayawa kancane kancane ukuze avuseleleke, kuyilapho amapuleti amasha akhula ngaphansi. Kwezinye izimfudu, kuvela izindandatho zonyaka, ezifana nalezo ezisesiqwini sesihlahla. Kuzo zombili izindlela, igobolondo likhula nesilwane esincane.
Ngenxa yegobolondo, ufudu alukwazi ukuphefumula njengezinye izilwane. Ayikwazi ukunweba isifuba uma uphefumula futhi isivumele siwe futhi lapho uphefumula. Ufudu luhogela ngokwelula imilenze emine ngaphandle. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi amaphaphu ande futhi amunce emoyeni. Ukuze akhiphe umoya, abuyisele imilenze yakhe phakathi kancane.
Ayini amarekhodi ezimfudu?
Izimfudu ziphakathi kwezilwane ezingaphila kuze kube yiminyaka emikhulu kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Nokho, ufudu lwamaGreki lufinyelela isilinganiso seminyaka eyishumi endalweni. Izimfudu zasolwandle zivame ukuphila iminyaka engu-75 noma ngaphezulu. Ufudu owesilisa u-Adwaita kuthiwa usephenduke indala kunabo bonke. Wafela e-zoo eNdiya eneminyaka engu-256. Nokho, iminyaka yakhe ayiqiniseki ngokuphelele.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene nazo zifinyelela ubukhulu bomzimba obuhluke kakhulu. Eziningi, igobolondo licishe libe ngamasentimitha ayishumi kuya kwamashumi amahlanu ubude. Izimfudu ezinkulu eziQhingini zaseGalapagos ziyenza ibe ngaphezu kwemitha. Izimfudu zasolwandle ziba zinde kakhulu. Izinhlobo ezinde kakhulu zifinyelela ubude begobolondo elingamamitha amabili namasentimitha angamashumi amahlanu futhi zinesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-900. Olunye ufudu lwasolwandle olunjalo oluyi-leatherback lwakhukhuleka ogwini lwase-Wales elinegobolondo lobude obungamasentimitha angu-256. Unesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-916. Ngaleyo ndlela lalinde kunombhede futhi lisinda kunemoto encane.
Izimfudu zasolwandle zikwazi kakhulu ukutshuza. Benza ukujula okungamamitha ayi-1500. Ngokuvamile, kufanele bakhuphuke ukuze baphefumule. Kodwa izinhlobo eziningi zinesinye ku-cloaca, okungukuthi ekuvuleni okungaphansi. Lokhu kuzivumela ukuba zikhiphe umoya-mpilo emanzini. Iyinkimbinkimbi nakakhulu ngezimfudu ze-musk. Banezimbotshana ezikhethekile emphinjeni abazisebenzisayo ukukhipha umoya-mpilo emanzini. Lokhu kuzivumela ukuthi zihlale ngaphansi kwamanzi isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu phakathi nesikhathi sokulala.
Ingabe Izimfudu Zisengozini?
Izimfudu ezindala zivikelekile kahle ngegobolondo lazo. Noma kunjalo, izingwenya nezinye izibankwa eziningi ezihlomile ziyingozi kuzo. Bangakwazi ukuqhekeza ithangi kalula ngemihlathi yabo eqinile.
Amaqanda kanye nentsha isengozini kakhulu. Izimpungushe ziphanga izidleke. Izinyoni nezinkalankala zibamba izimfudu ezisanda kuchanyuselwa lapho ziya olwandle. Kodwa abantu abaningi bayathanda ukudla amaqanda noma izilwane eziphilayo. Izimfudu eziningi zazidliwa, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi seLent. Abagibeli bamanzi bagcwala eziqhingini nasemabhishi anezimfudu ezinkulu. Ngisho nanamuhla, izilwane eziningi ezisencane zibanjwa endle futhi zenziwe izilwane ezifuywayo.
Izimfudu eziningi zibulawa ubuthi obusetshenziswa kwezolimo. Izindawo zabo zokuhlala zemvelo ziguqulwa zibe yizwe elimekayo ngakho-ke zilahlekile kuzo. Imigwaqo inqamula izindawo ezihlala kuzo futhi ivimbele ukuzala kwazo.
Izimfudu zasolwandle eziningi ziyafa ngokudla ipulasitiki. Izikhwama zepulasitiki zibukeka njenge-jellyfish kuzimfudu, ezithanda ukuzidla. Baklinywa noma bafe ngenxa yokuthi upulasitiki ugcwala eziswini zabo. Okubi ukuthi ufudu olufile lubola emanzini, ludedele upulasitiki futhi lubulale izimfudu eziningi.
Usizo lwafika ngo-1975 nge-Washington Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species. Lesi sivumelwano phakathi kwezifundazwe eziningi sikhawulela noma sivimbela ngisho nokuhweba ngezinhlobo ezisengozini yokushabalala. Lokhu kwaletha impumuzo ethile. Emazweni amaningi, ososayensi namavolontiya bazibophezele ekwenzeni intuthuko. Ngokwesibonelo, zivikela izidleke ngemigoqo ezimpungusheni noma zize zisibekele ubusuku nemini kubaphangi bezilwane nabangabantu. Ngokwesibonelo, eJalimane baye baphinde baletha ufudu lwasechibini lwendabuko.