UMary Allen
Igundane elifuywayo liyisilwane esifuywayo esihlakaniphile futhi esihlala nabantu abaningi esithanda ukuxhumana nokuhlola nabanikazi baso.
Izimo zezindlu ezisezingeni eliphansi zingadala izinkinga zokuziphatha kumagundane amancane njengamagundane afuywayo. Uma abanikazi bazi kabanzi mayelana nokufuywa kwezilwane ezifuywayo ze-protégés zabo, lokhu kuthuthukisa impilo yabo.
Ezesistimu
Oda amagundane (Rodentia) - izihlobo zamagundane angaphansi (Myomorpha) - amagundane omndeni anomsila omude (Muridae) - amagundane ohlobo (Rattus) - uhlobo lwegundane elinsundu Rattus norvegicus
Isikhathi sokuphila
cishe izinyanga eziyi-21-48
Ukuvuthwa
ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-40-70
Origin
Igundane elifuywayo lanamuhla lehla egundwaneni elinsundu ( Rattus norvegicus ), eyatholwa ekuqaleni eMpumalanga Asia. Ngenxa yokuguquguquka okuphezulu kwamagundane ansundu manje asesakazeke cishe emhlabeni wonke. Ukufuywa kwasekhaya kwaqala ngekhulu le-19 lapho zazifuywa futhi zisetshenziswa njengezilwane zokuhlola. Ngakho-ke, zibizwa nangokuthi "amagundane aselabhorethri". Esikhathini esilandelayo, izinhlobo eziningi zemibala (“amagundane afuywayo) zivele ngokuzalanisa okuhlosiwe. Ngemva kokuduma okuthile igundane elifuywayo elakuthola ngokuhamba kweminyaka yama-punk ngeminyaka yawo-1980, manje seliqinisiwe njengesilwane esifuywayo esithandwayo emisebenzini yezilwane.
Ukuziphatha komphakathi
Amagundane anomphakathi kakhulu futhi kufanele agcinwe emaqenjini okungenani amathathu. Isimo sengqondo sokuba wedwa kufanele sibhekwe njengesiphambene nenhlalakahle yezilwane. Amagundane abonisa ukuziphatha okuningi komphakathi njengokukhasa phezu kwelinye, ukulungisana, nokulala ndawonye ngokuthintana ngokomzimba. Ngokuphathelene nemibandela yokugcina, ukugcinwa kwephakethe ngesakhiwo seminyaka exubile (ikakhulukazi kwabesilisa) kuyanconywa. Izilwane ezincane kufanele zihlale zihlanganiswe eqenjini elisha ngababili ukuze babe nomlingani wokudlala weminyaka efanayo futhi kulula ukuhlalisana. Izingxabano zendawo zingancishiswa ngokuqeqeshwa kokuhlala ngokucophelela ngokushintshaniswa kwephunga nokuhlanganisa "indawo emaphakathi".
Nutrition
Igundane liyi-omnivore. Nakuba amagundane ansundu angahlala ezindleleni nasezindaweni zokulahla indle, lokho akusho ukuthi ungakwazi ukuphakela amagundane afuywayo imfucuza kanye nokudla okusele. NgokoMthetho Wezenhlalakahle Yezilwane, abanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo banesibopho sokuphakela izilwane zabo ezifuywayo ngokwezinhlobo zazo. Ngakho-ke amagundane afuywayo kufanele anikezwe ukudla kwamagundane okuthengiswayo kanye nemifino nezithelo ezintsha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu kufanele anikeze amaprotheni ezilwane amancane, isib B. iqanda elibilisiwe, ucezu oluncane lukashizi oqinile, isipuni esingu-1 seyogathi yemvelo, ukudla okuvela ezinambuzaneni, noma okunye ukudla kwenja okomile (bheka futhi isincomo I-TVT). Ungakwazi futhi ukuphakela izingxenye ezinesidingo esikhulu sokuququda, isibonelo, amantongomane angahlutshiwe, ama-noodle angaphekiwe, namagatsha ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze amazinyo ahlumayo akwazi ukukhumuzeka.
Ukudla kufanele kuqhutshekwe kuhlinzekwa ngezinjongo zokuqashwa ngamathoyizi okudla noma kufihlwe futhi kusatshalaliswe emfuyweni. Ikakhulukazi uma igcinwe emaphaketheni, izindawo ezimbalwa zokudla kanye nokunisela kufanele zenziwe zitholakale ukuze kugwenywe izingxabano
Kugcinwa
Njengoba amagundane evame ukusebenza kakhulu, adinga indawo yokuhlala enkulu kunazo zonke enobukhulu obuncane obuyi-100 x 50 x 100 cm (L x W x H) kuze kufike kumagundane amathathu. Umbhoshongo okungenani ongu-80 x 50 x 120 cm ungenzeka (izincomo ze-TVT). Zonke izakhiwo zezindlu kufanele zihlonyiswe ngokuningi kokunothisa imvelo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi, isibonelo, izindlu zokulala eziningana, izitebhisi, izintambo, ama-hammocks, nokugeza kwesihlabathi ngesihlabathi se-chinchilla. Kodwa futhi kufaka phakathi utshani, utshani, amashubhu ekhadibhodi, i-cellulose, i-e kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto eziququdayo. Amaqhugwane okulala asezingeni eliphezulu avame ukuthandwa futhi kufanele abe nephansi elithambile, elinamapheshana (ahlinzeke ngezinto zokuzalela).
Njengoba amagundane ethanda ukugeza futhi engababhukudi abanekhono, ungakwazi ukumisa amachibi angajulile agcwele amanzi futhi uwanikeze amathuba okubhukuda. Kodwa-ke, izilwane kufanele zifune amanzi ngokuzithandela futhi azivele zifakwe emanzini ajulile futhi ziphoqelelwe ukubhukuda. Ngakho-ke imigwaqo iyadingeka. Emvelweni, amagundane akha umgodi ongaba ngu-40 cm ukujula, ohlanganisa uhlelo lomhubhe onamagatsha amaningi, izidleke eziningana namakamelo okuhlala, kanye nemigudu eminingi eyimpumputhe. Lokhu kufanele futhi kucatshangelwe lapho ugcina izilwane ezifuywayo, isb. B. ngokuhlinzeka ngobhavu omkhulu, ongene phakathi ngokujulile.
Ngenxa yomgogodla we-convex nemisila emide, amasondo ajwayelekile agijimayo awafaneleki amagundane futhi kufanele adikibale. Amabhola okugijima noma okugijima abalulekile enhlalakahleni yezilwane. Ngenxa yamehlo awo azwelayo, amagundane angama-albino akufanele abekwe elangeni/ekukhanyeni okuqondile futhi kufanele agcinwe emakamelweni amnyama. Lokhu kuyasebenza nakwezinye izilwane ezingama-albino.
Izinkinga zokuziphatha
Iziyaluyalu eziningi zokuziphatha okungenzeka kumagundane zaziwa ngokufuywa kwezilwane zaselabhorethri. Ukuhlukumeza okungaqondakali kuvamile, ikakhulukazi uma kuhlangene nabantu noma lapho izimo zezindlu zingalungile. Ngenxa yokuthi izilwane zaselabhorethri ngokuvamile azigcinwa ngendlela efanele uhlobo lwezilwane, ukuziphatha okuphindaphindiwe okungavamile (ama-ARV) kufanele kulindeleke ezimweni eziningi. Kodwa imishanguzo yegciwane lengculaza ingadalwa futhi ekufuyweni kwezilwane ngenxa yesimo esingesihle sokugcina. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ulaka oluzenzakalelayo, i-trichotillomania, ukudla uboya bezinto ezibonakalayo, ukunwaya emakhoneni, nokuququda amabha (akumele kudidaniswe nokunakwa okufunayo). I-Krone noma i-cannibalism nayo ingenzeka uma isikhala sincane kakhulu noma uma ukuminyana komsebenzi kuphezulu kakhulu.
Umbuzo Ovame Ukubuzwa
Lihlakaniphe kangakanani igundane?
Amagundane ahlakaniphile, ayavumelana nezimo, anesakhiwo somphakathi esiyinkimbinkimbi, futhi azimisele kakhulu ukuzala. Yingakho besabalele emhlabeni wonke.
Ingabe amagundane abasaqalayo?
Iphakethe elincane lamagundane okungenani angu-3 lilungele abaqalayo. Ukuze bazizwe bekhululekile futhi belondekile lapho benawe, badinga ikhaya elinethezekile.
Ngilithambisa kanjani igundane lami?
Zama ukunikeza igundane lakho inati noma ucezu lwesithelo ngaphakathi kwekheji. Lapho izinto zihamba kahle, zidla esandleni sakho. Uma kungasebenzi okokuqala, yiba nesineke futhi kancane ubeke ukwelapha ekhejini - uzofuna.
Ingabe amagundane afuywayo kulula ukuwagcina?
Iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu yokugcina amagundane?
Uma uthanda ithule ebusuku, akufanele ubeke yezinyoni ekamelweni lakho. Amagundane aphaphame kakhulu ebusuku, axoshana ekhejini noma aququde kakhulu ingaphakathi lawo. Ikheji kufanele ihlanzwe okungenani kanye ngesonto. Amagundane ayayithanda ihlanzekile.
Ungakwazi ukugoqana namagundane?
Uma sikhuluma ngokugona: amagundane athanda ukugona. Ngakho banikeze okungenani indlu eyodwa encane lapho bengathola khona indawo ndawonye. Nakuba wamukelekile ukushintshanisa ezinye izinto, indlu yokulala evamile kufanele ihlale isendaweni efanayo. inhliziyo nengqondo yezilwane.
Kufanele ugeze amagundane?
Ngenxa yokuthi amagundane azigcina ehlanzekile ngokulungisa kakhulu uboya bawo, awadingi ukugezwa futhi akufanele. Akunangqondo ukufuna ukugeza amagundane (ikakhulukazi abesilisa) ngenxa yephunga lawo elikhethekile.
Igundane lidinga ukulala okungakanani?
Igundane liyisilwane sasebusuku futhi ngokuvamile lilala emini. Ukuqoshwa kokulala amahora angu-24 kubonise ukuthi igundane lilala cishe amahora angu-12 ngosuku. Kulokhu, amahora ayishumi ukulala okungeyona i-REM kanti amahora amabili ukulala kwe-REM.