seal

Isici sokuphila sezimvu zamanzi ezithandekayo amanzi. Lapha bazithola beyizimpumputhe futhi basithakasele ngamakhono abo okubhukuda amahle.

Izici

Lubukeka kanjani uphawu?

Izimvu zamanzi ezivamile ziyingxenye yomndeni wezimvu zamanzi kanye nokuhleleka kwezilwane ezidla inyama. Zincane kunezinye izimvu zamanzi. Abesilisa ngokwesilinganiso bafinyelela ku-180 cm ubude futhi banesisindo esingu-150 kg, abesifazane 140 cm kanye ne-100 kg.

Amakhanda azo ayindilinga futhi uboya bawo bumhlophe-mpunga ukuya kompunga ngombala. Iphethe iphethini yamabala namasongo. Kuye ngesifunda, umbala kanye nephethini kungase kuhluke kakhulu. Ogwini lwaseJalimane, izilwane ngokuvamile zimpunga emnyama namabala amnyama. Phakathi nokukhula kwazo, izimvu zamanzi ziye zavumelana ngokuphelele nokuphila emanzini. Umzimba wabo ulula, imilenze yangaphambili iguqulwa ibe izakhiwo ezifana ne-fin, imilenze yangemuva ibe ama-caudal fins.

Izinyawo zabo zinezinzwane phakathi kwezinzwane. Izindlebe zabo zihlehle kangangokuthi kubonakala izimbobo zendlebe kuphela ekhanda. Amakhala anemifantu emincane futhi angavaleka ngokuphelele lapho utshuza. Intshebe enezindevu ezinde ijwayelekile.

Zihlala kuphi izimvu zamanzi?

Izimvu zamanzi zisakazwa kulo lonke elaseNyakatho Nenkabazwe. Zitholakala kokubili e-Atlantic nasePacific. EJalimane, zitholakala kakhulu eNorth Sea. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, awavamile ukutholakala oLwandle iBaltic, bese etholakala ogwini lweziqhingi zaseDenmark neziseningizimu yeSweden.

Izimvu zamanzi zihlala ogwini olunesihlabathi nolunamadwala. Ngokuvamile zihlala ezindaweni ezingashoni olwandle. Nokho, izimvu zamanzi ngezinye izikhathi zifudukela emifuleni isikhathi esifushane. I-subspecies ihlala ngisho nasechibini elinamanzi ahlanzekile eCanada.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zezimpawu ezikhona?

Kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu ze-subspecies. Ngamunye wabo uhlala endaweni ehlukile. Njengoba igama layo libonisa, uphawu lwaseYurophu luvamile ogwini lwaseYurophu. I-Kuril seal ihlala ogwini lwaseKamchatka nasenyakatho yeJapan neziQhingi zaseKuril.

Okuwukuphela kwezinhlobo ezincane ezitholakala emanzini ahlanzekile yi-Ungava seal. Ihlala kwamanye amachibi esifundazweni saseCanada i-Québec. I-subspecies yesine yenzeka ogwini olusempumalanga, eyesihlanu ogwini olusentshonalanga yeNyakatho Melika.

I-seal iba neminyaka emingaki?

Izimvu zamanzi zingaphila iminyaka engama-30 kuye kwengama-35 ngokwesilinganiso. Abesifazane ngokuvamile baphila isikhathi eside kunabesilisa.

Behave

Luphila kanjani uphawu?

Ama-Seal angatshuza afinyelele kumamitha angama-200 ukushona futhi ezimeni ezimbi kakhulu imizuzu engama-30. Bakweleta iqiniso lokuthi lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokujwayela okukhethekile kwemizimba yabo: Igazi lakho line-hemoglobin eningi. Lona umbala wegazi obomvu ogcina umoya-mpilo emzimbeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kunciphisa ijubane lapho ushayela, ngakho izimpawu zidla umoya-mpilo omncane.

Lapho zibhukuda, izimvu zamanzi zisebenzisa amaphiko azo angemuva ukuze ziqhube. Bangakwazi ukufinyelela isivinini esifinyelela kumakhilomitha angama-35 ngehora. Amaphiko angaphambili asetshenziswa kakhulu ekuqondiseni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, emhlabathini, zinganyakaza kuphela ngokukhasa phansi njengesibungu sisebenzisa amaphiko aso angaphambili. Ngisho namanzi abandayo awawahluphi ama-seal:

Uboya bawo obunoboya obuyizi-50,000 ngesentimitha-skwele ngalinye bakha ungqimba oluvikelayo lomoya futhi ngaphansi kwesikhumba, kunongqimba lwamafutha afinyelela kumasentimitha amahlanu ukujiya. Lokhu kuvumela izilwane ukuthi zibekezelele izinga lokushisa elifinyelela ku -40°Celsius. Izimvu zamanzi ziyakwazi ukubona ngokucacile ngaphansi kwamanzi, kodwa umbono wazo emhlabeni awuboni kahle. Ukuzwa kwazo kuhle kakhulu, kodwa kunuka kabi uma kuqhathaniswa.

Ukujwayela okuthakazelisa kakhulu ukuphila emanzini, nokho, amadevu azo: Lezi zinwele, ezaziwa ngokuthi “i-vibrissae”, ziphambana nezinzwa ezingaba ngu-1500 – cishe izikhathi eziyishumi kunezintshebe zekati. Ziyizimpondo ezizwela kakhulu: Ngalolu nwele, izimvu zamanzi zingakwazi ukubona ngisho nomnyakazo omncane kakhulu emanzini. Ziyakwazi ngisho nokubona ukuthi yini ebhukuda emanzini: Ngenxa yokuthi izinhlanzi zishiya ama-eddies avamile emanzini ngokuhamba kwamaphiko azo, izimvu zamanzi zazi kahle ukuthi iyiphi inyamazane eseduze kwazo.

Ngazo, ungakwazi ukuzijwayeza kahle ngisho namanzi anamafu. Ngisho nezimvu zamanzi eziyizimpumputhe zingathola kalula indlela yazo emanzini ngosizo lwazo. Izinja zamanzi zingalala ngisho emanzini. Zintanta emanzini bese ziphefumulela phezulu zingavuki. Olwandle zivame ukuba zodwa, emhlabathini, lapho ziphumule ogwini lwesihlabathi, zihlangana ngamaqembu. Nokho, kuvame ukuba nezingxabano phakathi kwabesilisa.

Abangane nezitha zophawu

Ngaphezu kwezinhlanzi ezinkulu ezidla ezinye njengemikhomo ebulalayo, abantu bawusongo olukhulu ezimvini zamanzi: izilwane bezizingelwa abantu izinkulungwane zeminyaka. Inyama yawo yayiwukudla, futhi uboya bawo babusetshenziselwa ukwenza izingubo zokugqoka nezicathulo. Futhi bahlushwa ukungcoliswa kwabantu kolwandle.