ULwandle Lion

Ukubhonga kwawo okunjengokwengonyama kuqambe amabhubesi olwandle igama lawo. Izilwane ezidla ezinye ezinamandla zihlala olwandle futhi zijwayele ukuphila emanzini.

Izici

Abukeka kanjani amabhubesi olwandle?

Amabhubesi olwandle ayingxenye yezilwane ezidla inyama futhi akhona emndenini wama-eared seal. Bakha igenus-group Otariini enezinhlobo eziyisithupha ezahlukene.

Umzimba wabo mude futhi imilenze yangaphambili nengemuva iguqulwa ibe amaphiko. Ikhanda elincane elinekhala elifushane lihlala entanyeni emfushane, eqinile.

Ngokungafani nezimvu zamanzi, amabhubesi asolwandle anemiphini emincane emakhanda awo futhi izitho zawo ezingemuva zinde kakhulu. Ungakwazi futhi ukuwagoqa phambili ngaphansi kwesisu sakho. Angakwazi ukuhamba ngokushesha nangobuchule obukhulu emhlabeni kunezimvu zamanzi.

Abesilisa bazo zonke izinhlobo zamabhubesi olwandle makhulu kakhulu kunezinsikazi. Lapho ziphakama kumaphiko azo angaphambili, ama-specimens amakhulu kakhulu angaphezu kwamamitha amabili ubude. Amaduna anomhlwenga futhi ukubhonga kwawo kuzwakala njengowebhubesi langempela.

Uboya bamabhubesi asolwandle bunsundu ngokumnyama, buminyene kakhulu, futhi buwaxosha amanzi, futhi buqukethe uboya besiqu nezinwele zokuqapha. Ngenxa yokuthi i-undercoat enhle cishe ayikho ngokuphelele, iseduze nomzimba. Ugqinsi lwamafutha, okuthiwa yi-blubber, lujwayelekile. Uvikela izilwane emanzini abandayo.

Lihlala kuphi ibhubesi lasolwandle?

Amabhubesi olwandle adabuka ogwini lwasePacific eNyakatho Melika, ogwini lwasePacific nase-Atlantic eNingizimu Melika, eduze neziqhingi zaseGalapagos, kanye nogu lwase-Australia naseNew Zealand. Amabhubesi olwandle ayizilwane zasolwandle futhi ahlala ikakhulukazi ogwini olunamadwala. Nokho, ziya ogwini ziyokhwelana, zizale futhi zikhulise amaphuphu.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zamabhubesi olwandle akhona?

Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu amabhubesi olwandle aseCalifornia (Zalophus californianus). Zihlala ogwini olusentshonalanga yeNyakatho Melika ukusuka eCanada ukuya eMexico, zingamabhubesi asolwandle amancane futhi alula kunawo wonke futhi ikhala lawo lide futhi lincane kunezinye izinhlobo. Abesilisa bakhula bafinyelele ku-220 amasentimitha, abesifazane bafinyelele ku-170 amasentimitha ubude.

Anamandla kakhulu amabhubesi olwandle akwaSteller (Eumetopias jubatus). Abesilisa bafinyelela kumamitha amathathu nesigamu ubude futhi banesisindo esingaphezu kwethani, abesifazane balinganisa amasentimitha angu-240 kuphela futhi banesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-300. Bahlala ngokuyinhloko ogwini olusenyakatho yePacific e-Asia naseNyakatho Melika.

Amabhubesi olwandle aseNew Zealand (Phocarctos hookeri) nawo mancane kakhulu: abesilisa bafika ku-245 centimeter ubude, abesifazane bafinyelela kumasentimitha angama-200. Bahlala eziqhingini ezingaphansi kwe-Antarctic ezizungeze i-New Zealand kanye nogu lwe-South Island yaseNew Zealand.

Amabhubesi olwandle ase-Australia (Neophoca cinerea) ahlala ikakhulukazi eziqhingini ezisogwini olusentshonalanga naseningizimu ye-Australia. Abesilisa bafinyelela kumasentimitha angama-250, abesifazane bafinyelela ku-180 amasentimitha. Amabhubesi olwandle aseNingizimu Melika, aziwa nangokuthi ama-mane seal (Otaria flavescens), ahlala ogwini lwasePacific eNingizimu Melika ukusuka ePeru ukuya eTierra del Fuego kanye nasogwini lwe-Atlantic ukusuka ekugcineni eningizimu kuya eningizimu yeBrazil. Abesilisa bangamasentimitha angama-250 ubude, abesifazane bangamasentimitha angama-200.

Njengoba igama labo liphakamisa, izingonyama zasolwandle zaseGalápagos zihlala oLwandlekazini iPacific ogwini lweziQhingi zaseGalapagos cishe amakhilomitha ayi-1000 entshonalanga ye-Ecuador. Abesilisa bakhula bafinyelele ku-270 centimeters, abesifazane bangamasentimitha ayi-150 kuya ku-170 kuphela ubude.

Amabhubesi asolwandle aneminyaka emingaki?

Kuye ngezinhlobo zezilwane, amabhubesi asolwandle aphila iminyaka engu-12 kuya kwengu-14, kodwa ezinye izilwane zingaphila iminyaka engu-20.

Behave

Amabhubesi asolwandle aphila kanjani?

Amabhubesi asolwandle azijwayela kahle kakhulu nokuphila olwandle olubandayo: Ngomzimba wawo owenziwe lula kanye nemilenze eshintshiwe yaba amaphiko, angakwazi ukubhukuda ngokushelelayo nangobuhle futhi angafinyelela isivinini esingafika kumakhilomitha angu-40 ngehora emanzini.

Ugqinsi lwamafutha, ama-blubber, luvikela izilwane emanzini abandayo olwandle. Uma kubanda kakhulu, ama-sea Lions angakwazi futhi ukumpintsha igazi ezindaweni ezingaphandle zomzimba ukuze angalahlekelwa ukushisa futhi aphole.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokuguquguquka okuhlukahlukene kwemizimba yazo, zingakwazi ukutshuza imizuzu engaba ngu-15 nokujula okungamamitha angu-170: Zingakwazi ukugcina umoya omningi, igazi labo libopha umoya-mpilo omningi, futhi lapho zitshuza, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuyancipha. ukuze umzimba usebenzise umoya-mpilo omncane. Ziyakwazi nokuvala amakhala ngokuqinile lapho zitshuza.

Ngamehlo azo angezwani nokukhanya, abona kahle emanzini amnyama namdaka. Basebenzisa umuzwa wabo omuhle kakhulu wokuhogela ukuthola indlela yabo emhlabeni. Izinwele zabo zezinzwa emadevuni nasekhanda zisebenza njengezitho zokuthinta. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingonyama zasolwandle zisebenzisa i-echo-sounding system: zikhipha imisindo ngaphansi kwamanzi futhi ziziqondise ku-echo yazo.

Nakuba amabhubesi asolwandle ebhekwa njengabanolaka, anamahloni endle futhi athambekele ekubalekeni lapho ebona abantu. Lapho ezinsikazi zisemancane, ziwavikela kakhulu. Endabeni yamabhubesi olwandle, amaduna, okungukuthi amaduna, agcina isilwane sabesifazane abasivikela ngokuqinile ngokumelene nama-conspecifics abesilisa.