UMary Allen
Ukwesaba kuyindlela evamile yokusabela ngokomzwelo. Ukuziphatha kokukhathazeka nakho kuyingxenye ye-repertoire yokuziphatha kwezilwane futhi kuqinisekisa ukuphila emvelweni. Yini evamile futhi yini engekho?
Ukuze ukwazi ukuhlola lapho ukusabela kokukhathazeka kufanele kuthathwe njenge-pathological, umuntu kufanele aqale ahlukanise phakathi kwamagama okukhathazeka, ukwesaba, kanye ne-phobia:
- ukukhathazeka umuzwa obangelwa izimo ezisongelayo izinja namakati ezizibona njengeziyingozi kodwa azivuswa isikhuthazo esithile (isb., ukuya kudokotela wezilwane).
- Fear, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ibangelwa usongo oluphathekayo olungathethelelwa ngokwengqondo, isb. B. yisitha.
- zokwesaba, wona, ayingxenye yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo futhi “ikakhulukazi kubangelwa izimo noma izinto ezichazwe ngokucacile, ngokuvamile ezingenangozi”. Ngakho-ke i-phobia ukwesaba okungenasisekelo kwesisusa okuvame ukungabasi noma iyiphi ingozi (isb. umsindo).
Yomithathu imizwa ibuye ibangele ukucindezeleka. Ukucindezeleka akufanele kubhekwe njengomzwelo, kodwa kuchaza ukusabela komzimba womzimba, okwenziwa kusebenze kwangaphandle (i-stimulus) kanye nengaphakathi (ukucindezeleka). Ukukhululwa kwezinto zezithunywa emzimbeni kuholela enjabulweni evamile (isb., ukuqapha). Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuyanda, umfutho wegazi uyakhula, namashubhu e-bronchial anda. Ngokwamagama okuziphendukela kwemvelo, lokhu kusabela kuqinisekisa ukujikeleza kwegazi okuhle emisipheni kanye nomoya-mpilo owanele (isb. ukubaleka). Ngakho-ke, ukucindezeleka kusho ukusabela okuguquguqukayo komzimba ukuze ubhekane nezinselele zemvelo. Nokho, ukucindezeleka akufanele nje kubhekwe kabi. Kukhona futhi ukucindezeleka “okuhle”, njengokulindela noma imisebenzi yokuzijabulisa ethokozisayo.
Izimpendulo zokukhathazeka zinqunywa ngezindlela eziningana:
- Inja ibona isisusa esibangela ukwesaba: ibona usongo.
- Ulwazi olushaqisayo ludluliselwa ebuchosheni: “Ingozi ezayo!”
- Izingxenye zobuchopho zikhipha izinto eziyisithunywa emzimbeni: okuhlanganisa i-adrenaline ne-cortisol.
- Ukusabela kokukhathazeka kwenzeka: isb. B. Ukubaleka.
Lapho ukwesaba kuba yi-pathological
Uma isici esabisayo sesisusiwe (isb., isitha sesihambile), amazinga avamile okuphila avame ukubuya. Kodwa-ke, uma isilwane singakwazi ukuhoxisa kulezi zingcindezi esikhathini eside noma ukuziqeda ngenkuthalo, izinto ezithunyelwayo zisebenza ngokungapheli, futhi umzimba awulungiselelwe lokhu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kungaholela ekukhubazekeni kwengqondo nangokomzimba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusabela okwesabekayo okunamandla kungaholela ekukhubazekeni ngokomzimba. Sekujwayelekile ukuthi izinja zithuke zigqashuke intambo zingene ezingozini zomgwaqo ngenxa yalokho. Kodwa ukuzilimaza noma ukulimala ekhaya okubangelwa ukusabela kokwesaba nakho kungaholela ekukhubazekeni ngokomzimba.
Ukukhathazeka noma ukwesaba kufanele kubekwe njenge-pathological uma ukubuyela ekulinganiseni komzimba kanye nokuphila kahle kwesilwane kuthatha isikhathi eside noma kungenzeki nhlobo, noma uma imisebenzi evamile noma izibopho zomphakathi zinganakwa.
Ezinye izinja zithatha amahora ngaphambi kokuba ziphume ngaphansi kombhede ngemva komzuzwana wokushaqeka, zenqaba ukudla ngenxa yokwesaba okukhulu futhi aziphazanyiswa yizokuphatha noma izicelo zabanikazi bazo zokudlala. Ukusabela okunjalo kufanele kubhekwe njengokubambezeleka kokubuyela ekulinganiseni komzimba wesilwane kanye nokuphila kahle.
I-phobia, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokuvamile kufanele ithathwe njenge-pathological, lapho izinga lokusabela okulandelayo kufanele licatshangelwe. Akubona bonke abantu abagwema izicabucabu okufanele ngokushesha bachazwe njengabagula ngengqondo, kuyilapho inja ethuthumela futhi igxume ngefasitela ngesikhathi sokuduma kwezulu ayisabonisi ukuziphatha kokwesaba “okuvamile”.
Izimbangela ezihlukahlukene nokwesaba
Izimbangela zokuziphatha kokukhathazeka kwe-pathological ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ukuthi ukusabela okuvamile kokwesaba kukhula kangakanani kukuziphatha kokwesaba kwe-pathological kuvame ukuba sezandleni zomfuyi noma umnikazi olandelayo. Imithelela yemvelo kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhula kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekuziphatheni kwezilwane zabantu abadala. Izimo zofuzo (isb. izinhlobo ezithile zezinja) nazo zidlala indima. Olunye ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukuziphatha kwezilwane ezingabazali kungadluliselwa enzalweni. Lapho ukhetha uhlobo, izilwane ezinezinkinga zokuziphatha akufanele zihlanganiswe. Izifo ezingokomzimba ezifana no-B. ubuhlungu obungapheli noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwegilo,
Izimbangela ezingenzeka zezinkinga zokuziphatha ezihlobene nokukhathazeka:
- isimo sofuzo
- ukuntula ekukhuliseni imidlwane (ukungahlali kahle kwabantu kanye nokuhlala kahle)
- okuhlangenwe nakho okungalungile, okuhlangenwe nakho okubuhlungu
- izimo zezindlu ezimbi
- amaphutha ekuphatheni izilwane
- Izinkinga zempilo
- Okunye (izici zokucindezeleka ngazinye)
Ukwesaba ngokwako, okwakhiwa, kuhluke njengezimbangela: isib. B. Ukwesaba abantu, ezinye izilwane, izici, imisindo, izindawo ezithile, izimo ezithile, noma izinto. Futhi ukwesaba ukuba wedwa (ukukhathazeka ngokwehlukana) nakho kuyingxenye yakho. Lesi sakamuva ngokuvamile asibhekwa njengokuphazamiseka kokuziphatha. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungase futhi kuholele ekukhubazekeni kwengqondo nangokomzimba, okuhlotshaniswa nenhlalakahle empofu yesilwane. Ukusabela okweqile kokukhathazeka (isb., ukulimaza noma ukukhululeka/ukuchama ekhaya) kunikeza umnikazi izinkomba ezisobala zokusabela kokukhathazeka kwe-pathological.
Izimpawu zokukhathazeka nokucindezeleka
Ukukhathazeka, ukwesaba, kanye nama-phobias, kodwa futhi nokucindezeleka, kuhlotshaniswa nokuziphatha okuhambisanayo okucacile kanye nezinguquko zomzimba. Ngakho-ke, ngokubheka inja, nokubheka ukuziphatha kwayo nezimpawu zomzimba, umuntu angakwazi ukunquma isimo somzwelo sesilwane. Ezinjeni, ukusabela kuhlukahluka kakhulu. Ukuze ugweme "i-stressor" evusa ukwesaba, isilwane singasabela ngokuziphatha okuningi okuhlukene. Izimpendulo zokuziphatha okwesabekayo zingenziwa zicace kakhulu ngokusebenzisa i-“5 Fs” (impi, indiza, iqhwa, ukudlala ngothando, i-fiddle/fidget). Ngokuvamile inja isabela noma ukuhlukunyezwa (“lwa”), Ukuphunyuka (“indiza”), iba yiqhwa nge ukwesaba (“iqhwa”), noma imibukiso sukuthukuthela noma ukuziphatha okuthobekile (“flirt”) njengokuthi B. ulale ngomhlane, uhamba nge-arc noma ukhothe izindebe zakho. Noma uzama ukudambisa isimo ngokunye ukuziphatha nemibukiso yeqa izenzo (“fiddle” noma “fidget”) njengesib. B. ukuhogela utshani noma isimemo sokudlala. Ukusabela okungaqondakali nakho kungenzeka: inja ihamba isib. B. okokuqala ngesimo sengqondo sokuthobeka (“ukudlala ngothando”) kodwa bese kuba nokucasula (“ukulwa”) noma uya isib. B. endaweni “yokulwa”, kodwa abese ebaleka (“indiza”). Kodwa-ke, zonke izimpendulo ekugcineni zinenhloso yokususa noma ukususa isigcindezi.
Kodwa-ke, izimpawu zokusabela kokukhathazeka zivame ukuboniswa ngendlela ecashile kakhulu ngakho-ke ngokuvamile azinakwa. Akubona bonke abanikazi ababona ukuzamula, ukuhefuzela, noma ukuconsa njengokusabela kwengcindezi. Ezinye izinhlobo zenza kube nzima ukubona izimpawu zokucindezeleka ngenxa yezenzakalo zomzimba. Uboya obuhlikihlikile, abafundi abavuleke, izindlebe eziyisicaba noma umsila ogobile awubonakali ngokugcwele kulo lonke uhlobo (isb. I-Bobtail) futhi ngenxa yalokho kwenza kube nzima nakakhulu kwabanye abanikazi. Noma kunjalo, izimpawu ezinjalo akufanele zishaywe indiva futhi abanikazi kufanele baqwashiswe ngalokhu ngokusemandleni.
Ngokubuka nje: izimpawu zokucindezeleka noma ukuziphatha kokukhathazeka:
- ukuhefuzela
- amathe
- umjuluko (isb. izidladla ezimanzi)
- ukulahlekelwa izinwele
- wabeka izindlebe
- induku ehoxisiwe
- abafundi abanwetshiwe
- ukuthobeka (isb., ukulala ngomhlane)
- umumo okususelwa kuwo
- fihla
- up and down
- umsila onyakazayo
- ukuchama nokuzikhulula
- (futhi cindezela isifo sohudo!)
- ukuphuma kwezindlala ze-anal
- ukuphimisela (isb., ukukhonkotha, ukuhayiza, ukukhala).
Umbuzo Ovame Ukubuzwa
Kuyini ukwesaba ezinjeni?
Amahloni noma ukwesaba kuwuphawu lobuntu bezinja. Lezi zinja zinokweqa okungokwemvelo ezintweni ezintsha nezingajwayelekile, ezihlanganisa abantu abangabazi kanye nohlobo lwabo. Nakuba izinja zingebona abantu, kuyasiza ngempela ukucabanga abantu abanamahloni.
Uyithulisa kanjani inja lapho isaba?
Njengabantu, inja ingathuliswa ngokuba khona nje komuntu oyisithenjwa futhi ukwesaba kungasuswa kancane. Qonda inja yakho futhi uzibeke esimweni sayo. Inja ngokuvamile isivele ikhululekile ngezwi elizolile nelijulile lenkosi kanye namazwi ambalwa aduduzayo.
Ingabe inja yami inenkinga yokukhathazeka?
Ngokuphazamiseka kokukhathazeka, inja yakho ihluke ngokuphelele ezimweni ezithile: iyakhala, ikhala, futhi iyaqhaqhazela noma igqume futhi ikhonkothe kabuhlungu. Endabeni yokukhathazeka ngokweqile, okuwukuphela kwento ewusizo ukuvakashela udokotela wezilwane noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo yezilwane, lapho ungathola khona ukwelashwa kokukhathazeka ngochwepheshe.
Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma inja yami yethukile?
Ngaphansi kwezimo akufanele uthethise inja yakho ezimweni ezibangela ukwesaba. Ngisho “nokududuza” okunamandla kakhulu kungase kube yingozi. Kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi kufanele ungayinaki inja yakho: khuluma nayo ngokuyikhuthaza kodwa ungayithethisi.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma inja iqhaqhazela ngenxa yokwesaba?
Kodwa kwakamuva lapho izinja zithuthumela ngenxa yokwesaba, kufanele usabele ngendlela ehlukile. Uma inja yakho ilokhu ikugqolozele futhi ifuna ukusondela, mnike ukuklwebha ngokushesha ngemva kwezindlebe bese usho amagama ambalwa apholile. Ngokuyiziba, inja yakho ingase izizwe ingaqondakali noma ijeziswa.
Iluphi uhlobo lwenja olusabekayo?
Futhi uhlobo lwezinja nalo ludlala indima enkulu: Inja Yamanzi YaseSpain, i-Chihuahua, i-Border Collie, futhi, ngokuthakazelisayo, inja ye-German Shepherd yabonakala isaba ikakhulukazi izinja ezingavamile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Corgis nezinye izinhlobo ezincane ze-terrier zazithembela kakhulu.
Ngikuthola kanjani ukwethenjwa yinja ekhathazekile?
Ukuze wakhe ukwethenjwa nenja yakho ekhathazayo, inja yakho kufanele iqale izizwe iphephile endaweni yayo. Kufanele abe nesiqiniseko sokuthi akukho okuzokwenzeka kuye enkundleni yakhe. Uma ehlola indlu noma ifulethi - okungenakwenzeka ekuqaleni - akufanele ahlushwe.
Uyitshela kanjani inja ukuthi ngiyakuthanda?
Izinja zixhumana kakhulu ngokubukana kwamehlo. Uma bekubuka emehlweni isikhathi eside, kuyindlela yokuthi “ngiyakuthanda.” Ngokuphambene, ubuye ubangele lo muzwa ezinjeni uma ubheka ngothando emehlweni azo isikhathi eside. Lokhu kufakazelwa ngisho ngokwesayensi.