Isithombe sama-hamster ahlukene (Teddy Hamsters, Golden Hamsters kanye Co.)

Ama-hamster abonwa ngendlela ehluke kakhulu ngabantu: kwabanye asho inkathazo, kwabanye ayizinto nje zokuhlola elabhorethri. Kodwa kubantu abaningi, ama-hamster enza isilwane esifuywayo esiphelele. Ngenxa yokubukeka kwabo okuhle, umlingiswa ophilayo futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, imvelo yabo yokwethembeka, ama-hamster azuza izinhliziyo zabancane nabadala kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke ama-hamster afaneleka ngokulinganayo ubunikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo. Kunomehluko ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-20, ikakhulukazi ngokwesayizi, ukuziphatha kanye neminyaka yokuphila. Iluphi uhlobo lwe-hamster olulungile ngakho-ke kufanele lucatshangelwe ngokucophelela. Izithombe ezilandelayo zama-hamster ahlukene zibonisa ukuthi yini ebalulekile, yini abafana ngayo nokuthi kungani i-hamster imane iyisilwane esifuywayo esikhulu.

Uhlolojikelele lwe-hamster

I-Cricetinae, igama lesiLatini, libhekisela kuhlobo lwe-hamster ngokujwayelekile. Ama-Hamster angama-burrowers ngakho-ke ayingxenye yomndeni wamagundane noma, ngomqondo obanzi, wamagundane.

Izingane ezincane zisekhaya kulo lonke elase-Eurasia, zithanda izindawo ezomile neziwugwadule. I-hamster yasensimini kuphela ezizwa isekhaya eCentral Europe. Njengezilwane ezifuywayo, nokho, kudala benza emhlabeni wonke futhi bathola ikhaya elisha cishe yonke indawo elinemindeni ethanda izilwane.

Ngenxa yomlando wabo, ukusabalala okukhulu futhi okokugcina ngenxa yemigqa yokuzalanisa enqunywe abantu, kuye kwavela izinhlobo ezahlukene, ezinye zazo ezinomehluko othize kakhulu, kodwa futhi ziningi ezifanayo.

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zezinhlobo ze-hamster

Zonke izinhlobo ze-hamster zinemizimba yazo evamile efana ne-vole, enezihlathi eziphathwayo ze-hamster, amazinyo amancane aququdayo, nomsila omfushane ngokuqhathaniswa ongenamsebenzi. Nakuba bekwazi ukubamba kahle ngenxa yezinzipho zabo ezibukhali, abakona ngempela ukukhuphuka izintaba. Kunalokho, wonke umzimba wabo ukhethekile ngendlela yokuphila yokumba nokubhoboza. Lokhu kusho ukuthi zingakwazi ukuhamba kahle emhubheni ongaphansi komhlaba, zimbe umhlaba oqinile futhi zihlanganise amabanga amade ngokumangalisayo.

Uboya bazo obunzima bulungiselelwa amazinga okushisa abandayo futhi buphinde bukwazi ukufihla kahle ukuphila phansi, phakathi kwamaqabunga, utshani namatshe. Ama-Hamster athembele ikakhulukazi ekuzweni kwawo okuhle kakhulu kanye nomuzwa wabo wokuhogela othuthuke kahle. Ukubona izitha kungokwesibili. Uma ama-hamster esengozini, umuzwa wawo wemvelo wokubaleka uwayisa endaweni eseduze yokucasha. Amadevu ekhaleni asiza ekutholeni ngisho nezithiyo ezincane ngesikhathi esifanele, okuwusizo ikakhulukazi ebumnyameni. Ngoba ama-hamster asebenza ebusuku nasebusuku.

“Izisulu” zabo ziqukethe ikakhulukazi ukudla kwezitshalo, ikakhulukazi imbewu. Izitshalo zasensimini, okusanhlamvu nobhontshisi wesoya kuyaqoqwa kanye nophizi, amazambane, izaqathi, utheniphu ngisho nezimpande nezithombo. Amaprotheni ezilwane awavamile ukuba semenyu. Izinambuzane, izibankwa, ngisho nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane njengamagundane nezinyoni ezincane ziyingxenye yephethini yezilwane ze-hamster.

Ama-hamster angathwala inani elimangalisayo lokudla ezikhwameni zawo ezihlathini. Lokhu kuthwalwa kuyiswe esakhiweni futhi kugcinwe ebusika. Ukuziphatha abathanda ukukwenza futhi ekufuyeni izilwane. Kodwa-ke, umbuzo we-hibernation awuveli neze ezindaweni ezifudumele kahle. I-hamster ingashintshwa kalula ukuze igcine izilwane ezifuywayo kwezinye izici, inqobo nje uma zinikeza izimo ezifanele njengezinhlobo zezilwane ngangokunokwenzeka.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-hamster ezifanele njengezilwane ezifuywayo?

Ngokufuywa kwayo, i-hamster kuye kwadingeka ibekezelele izinguquko eziningi. Lezi futhi izizathu zokuthi kungani izinhlobo ezithile zizenzele kahle kakhulu, kodwa ezinye zincane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke akuzona zonke izinhlobo ze-hamster ezifanelekile njengesilwane esifuywayo, ezinye ngisho nangaphezulu.

Izinhlobo ezikhethekile, njenge-piebald golden hamster, zibhekwa njengokunzima ukuzithambisa. I-hamster yegolide yaseSyria ayiqinile futhi ijwayele izifo lapho igcinwe endlini. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-hamster ama-teddy angama-classic eqiniso ekugcinweni kwe-hamster, ikakhulukazi ngoba kulula kakhulu ukuwanakekela futhi ikakhulukazi abe nokwethenjwa.

Ngokuyisisekelo, ama-hamster aqala ukusebenza ntambama kuphela futhi kuze kube sekuseni kakhulu. Akufanele baphazamiseke phakathi nesigaba sabo sokulala nokuphumula. Lokhu kusebenza ngokuqinile kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezinkulu kunabameleli abancane. Ukucindezeleka okungadingekile kungandisa ulaka futhi kunciphise iminyaka yokuphila.

Ukuziphatha kwazo kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane nakho kufanele kubhekwe. Imizamo yokuhlalisana njengamagundane, i-degus noma onogwaja ayinconywa neze. Ubungozi bokubulalana kwezilwane bukhulu kakhulu.

Kodwa-ke, ama-hamster alula ahlangana kahle nezingane. Nokho, ama-hamster egolide maningi amathuba okuthi anikezwe ezandleni zezingane kunomzimba ontekenteke we-hamster encane.

Umehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo ze-hamster

Uma ungazi okuningi mayelana nama-hamster, ngeke uze ubone umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinhlobo. Nokho, kufanelekile ukubhekisisa. Eqinisweni, zonke izinhlobo ze-hamster zinezinselele zazo ezizenza zikhetheke kuma-consnoisseurs.

Ngokuyisisekelo, izinhlobo ze-hamster ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngalezi:

• Usayizi: Ama-hamster anosayizi ojwayelekile, aphinde ahlukaniswe njengama-hamster aphakathi nendawo, angama-teddy hamster egolide, isibonelo. Zifinyelela ubude bomzimba wekhanda obungaba ngu-120 kuya ku-165 mm. Ama-hamster amancane, njengeCampbell, akhula aze afike ku-90 mm ubude, okusho ukuthi ngaphansi kwengxenye yawo. Nokho, ngawo, amanye anganxeshezelwa ngobude bemisila yawo. Kukhona ama-hamster amancane anemsila omude kanye nama-hamster anomsila omude.
• Ukuziphatha: I-hamster ejwayelekile idla yodwa futhi, ngaphandle kokukhwelana, inolaka kakhulu ekuqondeni okucacile. Ngakho, ugcinwa yedwa. Ama-Campbell angabuye ngezinye izikhathi agcinwe ngamaqembu, okungenzeka angasebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa ngokuvamile awafiseleki ngenxa nje yezinga lokuzala.
• Ubude besikhathi sokuphila: Ngisho nokufuywa okuphelele, ukudla okunomsoco kanye nempilo enhle, isilinganiso seminyaka yama-hamster siyiminyaka emi-2. Kodwa-ke, ama-hamster ama-Djungarian namaShayina amancane kuthiwa aphila iminyaka emi-3 nangaphezulu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-hamster ziyehluka ngokuyinhloko ekudaleni kwazo, izidingo zomuntu ngamunye kanye nomthelela wazo kubathandi be-hamster abanolwazi.

I-hamster yegolide ku-portrait

Uma umbuzo uphakama ukuthi noma ngabe iyiphi i-hamster okufanele ingene njengesilwane esifuywayo, ama-hamster egolide nama-teddy hamster ngokuvamile angamagama angukhiye okuqala, nakuba ama-teddies ekugcineni ewuhlobo oluncane lwama-goldies. Baye bathola udumo lwangempela emashumini eminyaka adlule. Lokhu kungase futhi kube ngenxa yokuthi isimo sabo sasendle, i-hamster yegolide yaseSiriya, iyaziwa, nakuba ingathandwa kakhulu ngaso sonke isikhathi. Manje isohlwini lwe-IUCN lwezinhlobo ezisengozini yokushabalala.

Kodwa-ke, kunezinhlobo eziningi zokuzalanisa kwayo, eziqinisekisa ukuthi ama-hamster asendulo aphila ngokuphepha ekugcinweni kwezilwane ezifuywayo. Bonke bangalabo okuthiwa ama-hamster aphakathi.

Ama-hamster egolide ahlukaniswa njengonombala wasendle noma onemibala emithathu kubunikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo. Ama-hamster egolide anombala wasendle (ama-hamster egolide ase-Syria) anoboya begolide obujwayelekile, amhlophe kuphela esiswini. Izihlobo ezinemibala emithathu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zikhiqiza imibala ehlukahlukene, kodwa njalo ihlangene nomhlophe. Okumnyama, okumpunga, okunsundu kanye ne-beige kuvunyelwe njengemibala yejazi. Eminye imigqa yokuzalanisa iziqhelelanisile nalokhu futhi esikhundleni salokho ithanda ngokukhethekile ama-albino nama-albino angamahhafu. Amehlo ama-hamster anjalo ngokuvamile abomvu esikhundleni somnyama.

I-hamster yegolide ye-piebald

Lokhu ngokuyisisekelo kusho uhlobo olufuywayo lwe-hamster yegolide yaseSyria. Lapha, futhi, umbala we-hamster-ojwayelekile uyenzeka. Nokho, ngokuzalanisa okuhlosiwe, eminye imibala eminingi ingakhiqizwa. Ngokwesiqubulo esithi "Into eyinhloko inemibala" (ngakho-ke inenzuzo eyengeziwe), ngeshwa, izici zangaphandle zazivame ukuthandwa ngenxa yezindleko zempilo ekuzaleni.

Isidalwa esinamahloni esivela ezilwaneni zasendle sisese-piebald golden hamster.

Izimpawu ze-piebald hamster yegolide:

• Ubukhulu: 12-16cm
• Ukuziphatha: uvalo kuya ethukile, ukungathembi kakhulu
• Isikhathi sokuphila: iminyaka eyi-1.5 kuye kweyi-2
• Izici ezikhethekile: zisabela ngokuzwela ngokwedlulele emibhalweni futhi zingenwa kalula yizifo, ezaziwa ngezinhlobonhlobo zazo zemibala enamabala.

I-hamster yegolide enebhande elimhlophe

Ama-hamster egolide anebhande elimhlophe ayindlela ekhethekile yama-hamster egolide e-piebald. Esikhundleni semibala enemibala, lolu hlobo lwazaliswa ngamabomu ibhande lesisu esimhlophe igama eliqanjwe ngalo.

Izici ze-hamster yegolide enebhande elimhlophe:

• Ubukhulu: 12-16cm
• Ukuziphatha: kunokuthula
• Isikhathi sokuphila: iminyaka eyi-1.5 kuye kweyi-2
• Izici ezikhethekile: zisabela ngendlela ebucayi kakhulu kuma-drafts futhi zingenwa izifo kakhulu, uboya obuphakathi nomzimba bumhlophe, ikhanda kanye ne-rump kunemibala.

I-hamster yegolide ye-teddy

Lezi zilwane zibizwa ngama-“Teddies” ngoba empeleni zifana nenye. Uboya bazo obude bubenza babukeke kahle, nakuba bona bezwela njengawo wonke amanye ama-hamster futhi akufanele nakancane baphathwe njengabangewona amathoyizi.

I-Teddy hamster cishe iyizinhlobo ezidume kakhulu ze-hamster. Basheshe bathambe futhi bathande ukusondelana nabantu, isibonelo, izinwele zabo ezingalawuleki zilungiswe kancane.

Iphrofayili yama-hamster egolide, ebizwa nangokuthi ama-teddies, ama-teddy hamster, nama-hamster anezinwele ezinde:

• Ubukhulu: 12-16cm
• Ukuziphatha: thambisa ngokushesha
• Isikhathi sokuphila: iminyaka eyi-1.5 kuye kweyi-2
• Izici ezikhethekile: hhayi inzalo yasendle, kodwa ifomu elilinywe kuphela ngenhloso yezinwele ezinde, ezidinga usizo ngokuzilungisa.

I-Golden Angora Hamster

Ama-hamster e-Angora ahlukile kwe-hamster ye-teddy yegolide. Ngabo omunye ukhuluma ngento ebizwa ngoboya beRex. Izinwele zigoqa kancane esikhundleni sokulala phansi. Lokhu kwenza ukubukeka okune-shaggy kwesinye isikhathi. Uma nazo ziwela nge-teddy hamster, inzalo izobukeka i-fluffy ngempela. Nokho, emizamweni eminingi yokuzalanisa, uboya baba mncane futhi baba mncane. Ngokungafani nama-teddies, ama-Angoras awathandi ukulungiswa kakhulu, kodwa ngokomthetho akudinga nakakhulu ukuze uboya bungahlangani ndawonye, ​​isibonelo kusuka ezinsalela zokudla.

Iphrofayili ye-Angora hamster yegolide, ebizwa nangokuthi i-Rex hamsters:

• Ubukhulu: 12-16cm
• Ukuziphatha: akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthambisa
• Isikhathi sokuphila: iminyaka eyi-1.5 kuye kweyi-2
• Izici ezikhethekile: umbala we-piebald, ukuwa okufrize, okunye okuhlukile okunezinwele ezinde, kudinga ukulungiswa okwengeziwe.

I-hamster yegolide ye-satin

Lezi hamster zibukeka zisezingeni eliphezulu. Uboya babo obucwebezelayo bubenza bathole isihloko se-satin hamster. Ngenxa yokuthi izakhi zofuzo ezinesibopho salokhu zitholwa njengefa ngendlela evelele, zingawela cishe kuzo zonke ezinye izinhlobo ze-hamster. Amanye ama-hamster amancane akhuliswa nge-satin factor, kodwa ikakhulukazi ama-hamster aphakathi nendawo.

Izici ze-Satin hamster yegolide:

• Ubukhulu: 12-16cm
• Ukuziphatha: kubhekwa njengokulinganisela nokuthembana
• Isikhathi sokuphila: iminyaka eyi-1.5 kuye kweyi-2
• Izici ezikhethekile: uboya buyacwebezela futhi buthambile, bungenzeka futhi njengenhlobonhlobo enezinwele ezinde (i-satin teddy hamster) noma njenge-albino eyingxenye enezindlebe ezimpunga (i-hamster yaseRussia, ebizwa nangokuthi i-Siam hamster).

I-hamster encane ku-portrait

Njengoba ama-hamster amancane efinyelela usayizi omncane kuphela uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-hamster, adinga isimo sengqondo esikhethekile. Amakheji e-hamster ezohwebo ngokuvamile afakwe imigoqo. Kodwa-ke, ama-hamster amancane ama-dwarf angavele adlulele kulezi. Ngakho-ke izindonga zeglasi zifaneleka kakhulu.

Kodwa noma ubani ocabanga ukuthi ubude bomzimba bubuye busho ukuthi isikhala esincane esidingekayo akulungile. Ama-hamster amancane awakulungele ikakhulukazi ukuzulazula mahhala ngakho-ke achitha isikhathi esiningi sempilo yawo emakhejini. Lokhu kufanele kunikeze inani elihambisanayo lendawo namathuba omsebenzi ukuze isifiso sokuthutha siphile ngendlela efanele uhlobo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo ezincane ze-hamster zinezinye izici ezikhethekile ku-repertoire yazo.

I-hamster yaseDjungarian

Cishe iwuhlobo oludala kunazo zonke, olufakazelwe ngokwesayensi ye-hamster: i-hamster encane yase-Dsunagrian, ebizwa nangokuthi i-hamster encane yaseRussia. Futhi ungomunye wama-hamster amancane anemsila omfushane futhi angatholakala cishe kuzo zonke izitolo zezilwane. Udume kakhulu ngenxa yemvelo yakhe eqinile, ethembekile nokubukeka okuhle.

Izici ze-Djungarian dwarf hamster, ebizwa nangokuthi ama-Djungarians:

• Ubukhulu: 9-11cm
• Ukuziphatha: ilukuluku, ubungane, ukuthambisa ngokushesha, kwesinye isikhathi futhi ebusuku
• Isikhathi sokuphila: iminyaka eyi-1.5 kuye kweyi-2.5
• Izici ezikhethekile: umugqa womhlane ohlukile ngemuva, uboya bezilwane zasendle buba mhlophe ebusika (akuyivelakancane kakhulu ekufuyweni kwezilwane ezifuywayo).

I-hamster encane yaseCampbell

Ama-Campbells avame ukudideka nama-Djungarians njengoba afana kakhulu ngokubukeka. Imvelaphi yawo kuphela ehlukayo - ama-hamster amancanyana kaCampbell aqhamuka enyakatho yeMongolia nasenyakatho yeChina - nokuthi umugqa wawo ongemuva awumnyama futhi unsundu kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-albino (uboya obumhlophe) kanye nama-argents (uboya obungavundile, obuphuzi) manje nabo bayavela phakathi kwamaCampbells.

Izici ze-Campbell's dwarf hamster:

• Ubukhulu: 7-9cm
• Ukuziphatha: kunalokho kuyaphila, kusebenza kakhulu, abesifazane bavame ukuluma
• Isikhathi sokuphila: iminyaka eyi-1.5 kuye kweyi-2.5
• Izici ezikhethekile: zingagcinwa ngisho ngamaqembu uma izilwane zihlalisana kahle futhi zinendawo eyanele etholakalayo; uboya bunomugqa onsundu omnyama ngemuva.

I-hamster encane yaseRoborovsky

Bangabameleli abancane kakhulu bohlobo lwabo futhi ngezinye izikhathi bachazwa njengabasebenza ngokweqile, ngezinye izikhathi abahlala ngaphandle phakathi nosuku. Ngaphezu kwalokho, angama-hamster anemsila omfushane futhi alungele ukuphila phakathi kwezindunduma zesihlabathi. Ngakho-ke, i-hamster cage evamile ayiyona into engcono kakhulu yokugcina izilwane ezifuywayo, kodwa i-hamster terrarium (i-circetarium) enemishini efanelekile yezinhlobo. I-Roborovsky dwarf asters akulula neze ukuzalanisa njengoba ikhetha kakhulu uma kuziwa ekukhetheni umngane womshado. Izilwane ezincane nazo zidinga ukunakekelwa komama isonto elilodwa noma amabili ngaphezulu.

Iphrofayili Roborowski dwarf hamster, ebizwa nangokuthi "Robos":

• Usayizi: 4.5 - 7 cm, akufanelekile ukushaywa
• Ukuziphatha: Ukhuthele kakhulu, kodwa awuthandi ukugibela, ukukhetha nokufuna ngenkani, ngezinye izikhathi uyamatasa futhi ethukile
• Isikhathi sokuphila: iminyaka eyi-1.5 kuye kweyi-2
• Izici ezikhethekile: uhlobo oluncane lwe-hamster, kodwa futhi olushesha kakhulu; ikakhulukazi uboya obunombala oyisanti; zingagcinwa ngamaqembu uma izilwane zihlalisana kahle futhi zinendawo eyanele etholakalayo.

I-hamster enemigqa yaseShayina

I-hamster enemigqa yaseShayina, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-giant phakathi kwama-dwarfs, yayikhohlwe isikhathi eside futhi kwadingeka iphinde itholakale njengohlobo oluzimele lwe-hamster. Nokho, kusukela lapho, iye yajabulela ukuthandwa okwandayo. Ingenye yama-hamster amancane anomsila omude futhi empeleni ibukeka ifana kakhulu negundane elincane: Ngenxa yokwakheka komzimba okude ngokuqhathaniswa, isilinganiso semizimba emincane nemisila emide kanye nombala wayo ompunga-nsundu kakhulukazi.

I-hamster enemigqa yaseShayina/ i-hamster encane yaseShayina:

• Ubukhulu: 8-13cm
• Ukuziphatha: uthanda ukukhuphuka, uba nokwethembana
• Isikhathi sokuphila: iminyaka eyi-2 kuye kweyi-4
• Izici ezikhethekile: umugqa we-dorsal ohlukile, umsila omude kancane kanye nokuma komzimba omncane uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-hamster.

Ngawo wonke lo mehluko kanye nokufana phakathi kwezinhlobo ze-hamster, isinqumo se-hamster esifanele akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi. Abasanda kufika ensimini bangase bafune ukuthola uhlobo oluthembekile kuqala, ikakhulukazi izingane enye yama-hamster amakhulu. Uhlobo ngalunye lungajabulisa kubasebenzisi abathuthukile nakubathandi beqiniso be-hamster, ikakhulukazi njengoba kujabulisa kakhulu ukubuka nokumangala izilwane.