Ingulube: Okufanele Ukwazi

Izingulube izilwane ezincelisayo. Ku-biology, bakha uhlobo olunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-15. Izingulube zasendle kuphela ezihlala eYurophu. Ezinye izinhlobo zisatshalaliswa e-Asia nase-Afrika, okungukuthi “Ezweni Elidala”.

Izingulube zihluke kakhulu. Encane kunazo zonke izingulube zasendle ezi-pygmy ezivela e-Asia. Inesisindo esingamakhilogremu ayishumi nambili. Yileyo ndlela inja encane enesisindo ngayo. Enkulu kunayo yonke ingulube yasehlathini enkulu ehlala ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Afrika. Ziyakwazi ukufinyelela ku-300 kilograms.

Inhloko emide enekhala ijwayelekile kuzo zonke izingulube. Amehlo mancane. Ama-canine awanayo izimpande futhi akhula impilo yonke. Balolana ngokugalelana. Abazingeli babiza “izimpondo”. Eziduna zinkulu kunezinsikazi futhi ziyingozi kakhulu ekulweni.

Ziphila kanjani izingulube?

Izingulube zithanda ukuhlala emahlathini noma ezindaweni ezinezihlahla ezifana nama-savanna. Ikakhulukazi bahamba ebusuku. Emini zilala emahlathini aminyene noma emigodini yezinye izilwane. Kumele kube namanzi eduze. Bangababhukudi abanekhono futhi bathanda ukugeza ngodaka. Bese kuthi omunye: Uyagaqa. Lokhu kuhlanza futhi kuvikele isikhumba sakho. Aphinde aqede ama-parasites, okungukuthi izinambuzane. Kuyawapholisa futhi, ngoba izingulube azikwazi ukujuluka.

Izingulube eziningi zihlala ndawonye ngamaqembu. Ngokuvamile, kuba nezinsikazi ezimbalwa kanye nezilwane zazo ezincane, amazinyane engulube. Owesifazane omdala ubizwa ngokuthi "ingulube". Amaduna amadala, nezingulube, aphila njengezilwane ezihlala zodwa.

Izingulube zizodla cishe noma yini ezingayithola noma zimbe emhlabathini ngeziqu zazo: izimpande, izithelo, namaqabunga, kodwa futhi nezinambuzane noma izikelemu. Izilwane ezinomgogodla ezincane nazo zikhona kwimenyu yazo, njenge-carrion, okungukuthi izilwane ezifile.

Izingulube ezihlala ezibayeni zethu “izingulube ezifuywayo ezivamile”. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zalezi namuhla. Baphuma ezingulubeni zasendle. Bafuywa ngabantu. Lapho izingulube zihlala endle eMelika namuhla, zibalekela izingulube ezifuywayo.

Zavela kanjani izingulube zethu ezifuywayo?

Kakade esikhathini se-Neolithic, abantu baqala ukujwayela izingulube zasendle futhi bazizalanisa. Izinto ezindala kakhulu ezitholwe eMpumalanga Ephakathi. Kodwa futhi eYurophu ukuzalaniswa kwezingulube kwaqala ekuseni kakhulu. Kancane kancane, imigqa yokuzalanisa nayo ihlangene. Namuhla kunezinhlobo ezingamashumi amabili zezingulube ezaziwayo, kanye neziningi ezingaziwayo kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi ingulube yasekhaya iyilungu elaziwa kakhulu emndenini wayo wezilwane eJalimane, ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ingulube".

NgeNkathi Ephakathi, abantu abacebile kuphela ababekwazi ukuthenga ingulube. Abantu abampofu babevame ukudla inyama yezinkomo eziyeka ubisi ngoba sezikhulile. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi abantu abampofu babefuya ingulube eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Basebenzisa iqiniso lokuthi izingulube zizodla cishe noma yini ezingayithola. Emadolobheni, ngezinye izikhathi babezulazula emigwaqweni ngokukhululeka, bedla udoti. Izinkomo zazingeke zikwenze lokho.

Njengoba izingulube ziyizilwane ezifuywayo, ungakwazi futhi ukuzishayela edlelweni noma ehlathini. Esikhathini esidlule, lokho kwakuwumsebenzi wabafana. Emasimini, izingulube zazidla okwakusele ngemva kokuvuna, kanye nayo yonke inhlobo yotshani nemifino. Ehlathini, ngaphandle kwamakhowe, ayethanda ikakhulukazi ama-beechnut nama-acorn. Ukuze uthole i-ham yaseSpain engcono kakhulu, izingulube zingadliwa kuphela ngama-acorns namuhla.

Izingulube zasekhaya zivame ukubhekwa njengezingcolile. Kodwa akunjalo. Uma benendawo eyanele esitebeleni, benza ikhoneni lendlu yangasese. Lapho ziginqika odakeni olumanzi, luhlanza isikhumba sazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lokushisa lomzimba wabo liyehla. Lokhu kuyadingeka ngoba izingulube azikwazi ukujuluka. Futhi ngenxa yodaka olomile, nabo abashiswa yilanga. Bahlakaniphe kakhulu futhi njengezinkawu. Lokhu kungaboniswa ekuhlolweni okuhlukahlukene. Lokhu kubenza bafane nezinja, isibonelo, izimvu nezinkomo.

Kukhona nabangafuni nhlobo ukudla ingulube ngoba inkolo yabo iphambene nayo. AmaJuda amaningi namaMuslim abheka izingulube njengezilwane “ezingcolile”. Abanye abayitholi ngempela ingulube inempilo.

Izingulube ezifuywayo zifuywa kanjani ngendlela efanelekile namuhla?

Izingulube zasekhaya ziyimfuyo kuphela. Abalimi noma abafuyi bezingulube bagcina izingulube ezifuywayo ukuze bazihlabe futhi bathengise inyama yazo. Ngokwesilinganiso, wonke umuntu udla cishe ikhilogremu yenyama ngesonto. Cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zaleyo ngulube. Ngakho kudingeka izingulube eziningi ezifuywayo: [[EJalimane kunengulube eyodwa kubantu abathathu, eNetherlands, kukhona ngisho nezingulube ezimbili ezakhamuzini ezintathu.

Ukuze izingulube ezifuywayo zizizwe zikhululekile ngempela, kufanele zikwazi ukuphila njengokhokho bazo, izingulube zasendle. Lokhu kusenjalo ezindaweni eziningi emhlabeni jikelele. EYurophu, lokho ubona kuphela epulazini lezinto eziphilayo. Kodwa nalapho, akuyona imfuneko ngempela. Kuya ngezwe izingulube ezihlala kulo nokuthi yiluphi uphawu lokugunyaza olusebenza epulazini. Inyama yezingulube ezijabule nayo ibiza kakhulu.

Epulazini elinjalo, kunezilwane ezimbalwa kunezinkulungwane ezimbalwa. Banesikhala esanele esibayeni. Kunotshani phansi ukuze bangene ngaphakathi. Bayakwazi ukungena ngaphandle nsuku zonke noma bahlala ngaphandle nhlobo. Ziwubhuquza umhlaba, zigaqe. Ukwenza lokhu kwenzeke, udinga indawo eningi kanye nocingo oluhle ukuze izingulube zingakwazi ukuphunyuka. Emapulazini anjalo, baphinde basebenze nezinhlobo ezikhethekile. Izinsikazi azinawo amazinyane amaningi futhi akhula kancane. Lokhu futhi kuhlobene nolwelwesi, olungokwemvelo.

Inyama yezilwane ezinjalo ikhula kancane. Mancane amanzi epanini lokuthosa, kodwa inyama eningi isala. Kodwa futhi kubiza kakhulu.

Uyithola kanjani inyama eningi?

Izingulube eziningi manje zifuywa emapulazini apholile. Zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "izimboni zezilwane" futhi zibizwa ngokuthi ukulima kwefekthri. Lolu hlobo lokuzalanisa izingulube alunaki kakhulu izici zezilwane futhi luklanyelwe ukukhiqiza inyama eningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngomzamo omncane ngangokunokwenzeka.

Izilwane zihlala ezitezi eziqinile ezinemifantu. Umchamo ungaphuma futhi indle ingakhishwa ngepayipi. Kunamakamelo ahlukene enziwe ngezinsimbi zensimbi. Izilwane azikwazi ukumba futhi zivame ukuxhumana kancane kakhulu.

Ubulili bangempela abukho kulezi zingulube. Ukuzalanisa kwenziwa ngumuntu ngomjovo. Ingulube yengulube ikhulelwe cishe izinyanga ezine. Ezilwaneni, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi “ukukhulelwa”. Bese kuzalwa amaphuphu angama-20. Kulaba, abangaba ngu-13 basinda ngokwesilinganiso. Uma nje lo mbukiso usamunyisa amazinyane akhe, amazinyane abizwa ngokuthi amazingulube amunyisayo. “I-span” yigama elidala elisho “ititi”. Lapho amazinyane ancela ubisi lwawo. Isikhathi sobuhlengikazi sithatha cishe inyanga.

Bese kuthi amazinyane akhuliswe akhuluphaliswe cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha. Bese befika ku-100 kilograms bese behlatshwa. Ngakho yonke into ithatha cishe izinyanga eziyishumi sezizonke, hhayi ngisho nonyaka.