UMary Allen
Igama elithi “isikhunta” linezincazelo ezimbili: Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lisho ukhunta esilwazi ngokuyinhloko ekudleni okonakele. Kodwa kungabuye kwamukeleke, isibonelo njengongqimba lwangaphandle lweshizi elithambile.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, igama elithi “ukuntwela kokusa” libuye lisho ihhashi elimhlophe noma elicishe libe mhlophe. Igama cishe livela eqinisweni lokuthi isinkwa esikhuntile ekuqaleni sibonakala simhlophe noma okungenani simpunga. Ukuze kucace, umuntu uvame ukukhuluma ngehhashi njengehhashi elimpunga futhi usho isikhunta esimhlophe nelinye.
Isikhunta sisakazwa ngezinhlamvu ezihamba emoyeni. Izinhlamvu zesikhunta cishe zihambisana nembewu yezimbali nezithelo. Izinhlamvu zesikhunta zingangena ekudleni ngaphambi kokuba sikuthenge. Uma umoya uba nezinga lokushisa elifanele kanye nomswakama, izinhlamvu zesikhunta ziba i-mycelium emhlophe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Yiziphi isikhunta abantu abazithola ziyingozi?
Siyazi isikhunta ekudleni okudala. Isinkwa, izithelo, nemifino efana nezaqathi, kodwa noshizi oqinile kusengozini enkulu. Izingane zesikole eziningi zithole isemishi elikhuntile esikhwameni sazo ngemva kwamaholide. Ukudla okukhuntile kungaba yingozi kubantu.
Isikhunta sesikhunta sisabalele kwezolimo. Ama-strawberries, isibonelo, asengozini kakhulu uma lina isikhathi eside. Khona-ke amaqabunga nezithelo zimbozwa ungqimba olumhlophe. Umlimi angakwazi ukulwa nalokhu ngezifutho, kodwa lezi zivame ukuba nobuthi ngokwazo. Ama-greenhouse ahlinzeka ngokuvikeleka okungcono kakhulu ngoba ungakwazi ukulawula kangcono ukuthi kufanele kube nomswakama kangakanani.
Isikhunta singavela nasezindongeni zezindawo zokuhlala. Kwenzeka kakhulu ezindlini ezingazodwa ezingenawo umoya ohlanzekile. Kulokhu, uchwepheshe kufanele afike emsebenzini, ngoba ukuhlala emakamelweni akhuntile akunampilo kakhulu.
Nokho, emvelweni, kunengqondo ukuthi isikhunta singadiliza ukudla noma izinkuni. Lokhu kunomthelela ekutheni zonke izitshalo zibe yinhlabathi emisha futhi ekugcineni. Ngakho kwenza umehluko omkhulu ukuthi ukhuni olugcwele lusehlathini noma luwusilingi.
Yiziphi isikhunta abantu abazibona ziwusizo?
Cishe ngo-1900, u-Alexander Fleming wase-Scotsman wathola ukuthi i-antibiotic ebizwa ngokuthi i-penicillin ingatholakala esikhunjeni. Ungayisebenzisa ukulwa ne-pneumonia noma isifo, isibonelo. Ngaphambi kwalokho, kwafa izigidi zabantu.
Isikhunta esithile sithandwa ekwenzeni ushizi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona ushizi wesikhunta esimhlophe. Ithambile ngaphakathi futhi inongqimba olumhlophe ngaphandle olubangelwa isikhunta. Izinhlobo ezaziwayo yiCamembert kanye noBrie baseFrance. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona ushizi wesikhunta esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Yaziwa kakhulu ngeGorgonzola yase-Italy.
Namuhla siyazi ngesikhunta esikhethekile esingadliwa sinjalo. Namuhla zifuywa ezimbonini. Lokhu kudinga isisombululo sezakhi ezinoshukela. Ikhowe libe selithengiswa lixutshwe namavithamini, amaminerali, neqanda esikhundleni senyama.