I-Marlin vs shark: yimuphi osheshayo?

Isingeniso: UMarlin noShark

Ama-Marlins noshaka yizidalwa ezimbili ezithakazelisa kakhulu nezinamandla ezihlala olwandle emhlabeni. Zombili ziyizilwane ezihamba phambili, ezihlala ezindaweni ezifanayo zemvelo ochungechungeni lokudla kwasolwandle. Nokho, omunye wemibuzo evame ukubuzwa ngalezi zilwane ezimbili uthi: iyiphi esheshayo? Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola i-anatomy, physiology, nesivinini sokubhukuda sama-marlin noshaka, kanye nezici ezithinta isivinini sabo kanye nemithelela yalokhu okutholakele kubhayoloji yasolwandle.

I-Anatomy kanye nePhysiology kaMarlin

Ama-Marlins yizinhlanzi ezinkulu ezibhukuda ngokushesha ezihlala emndenini we-billfish. Zinebhili ende ecijile noma i-rostrum, eziyisebenzisela ukuthusa inyamazane yazo ngaphambi kokuyidla. Imizimba ka-Marlin ilula futhi inemisipha, yakhelwe isivinini namandla olwandle oluvulekile. Anephiko lomsila elimise okwenyanga, eliwaqhubezela phambili ngamandla amangalisayo.

Ama-Marlins anomzimba oyingqayizivele obenza bakwazi ukubhukuda ngesivinini esiphezulu isikhathi eside. Banohlelo olukhethekile lokujikeleza kwegazi olubavumela ukuba bonge ukushisa nomoya-mpilo, okubalulekile ekugcineni izinga labo eliphezulu lokugayeka kokudla. Imisipha yabo iphinde isebenze kahle kakhulu, inenani eliphezulu le-mitochondria elikhiqiza amandla okubhukuda okuqhubekayo.

I-Anatomy kanye nePhysiology kaShaka

Oshaka bayizinhlanzi ezinamathambo ezingamalungu omndeni we-elasmobranch. Zinomzimba oqondile, onemifantu yamagill amahlanu kuya kwayisikhombisa nhlangothi zombili zekhanda lawo. Futhi bane- dorsal fin enkulu ezisiza ukuthi zisimamise imizimba yazo njengoba zibhukuda. Oshaka banephiko elinamandla lomsila, abalisebenzisayo ukuze baziqhubekisele phambili emanzini.

Oshaka bane-physiology eyingqayizivele eyenza bakwazi ukubhukuda ngesivinini esiphezulu isikhathi eside. Zinesimiso esikhethekile sokujikeleza kwegazi esizivumela ukuba zikhiphe umoya-mpilo emanzini ngendlela ephumelelayo kunezinye izinhlanzi. Oshaka futhi banemicu eningi yemisipha ebomvu, okuyiyona enesibopho sokubhukuda okuqhubekayo.

Swim Speed ​​of Marlin

Ama-Marlins angabanye bababhukudi abashesha kakhulu olwandle, abanekhono lokufinyelela isivinini esingafika kumamayela angu-60 ngehora. Ziyakwazi ukuqhuma okuqhubekayo kwesivinini esikhulu, ezizisebenzisayo ukuxosha inyamazane yazo. Ama-Marlin aziwa ngokushelela kwawo kanye nokuhamba emanzini, okuwavumela ukuba ajike kungazelelwe futhi ashintshe lapho ebhukuda ngesivinini esikhulu.

Swim Speed ​​of Shark

Oshaka nabo bangababhukudi abasheshayo, kanti ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zikwazi ukufinyelela isivinini esingafika kumamayela angu-45 ngehora. Njengama-marlins, ayakwazi ukuqhuma okufushane kwesivinini esikhulu, awasebenzisayo ukuze abambe inyamazane yawo. Nokho, oshaka abakwazi ukulawuleka njengama- marlins futhi bathembele emihlathini namazinyo abo anamandla ukuze babambe inyamazane yabo.

Izinto Ezithinta Isivinini Sokubhukuda

Kunezici ezimbalwa ezingathinta ijubane lokubhukuda le-marlin noshaka, okuhlanganisa izinga lokushisa lamanzi, usawoti omningi, nokujula. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi lingathinta izinga lokugaya kwalezi zilwane, okungaba nomthelela esivinini sazo sokubhukuda. Usawoti ungaphinda uthinte ukunyakaza, okungaba nomthelela ekhonweni labo lokubhukuda kahle. Ukujula kungase kuthinte isivinini sokubhukuda, njengoba ukucindezela ekujuleni kungase kuthinte esinyeni sokubhukuda salezi zilwane.

Ukuqhathaniswa kwe-Average Swim Speeds

Ngokwesilinganiso, ama-marlin ababhukudi abasheshayo kunoshaka, abanekhono lokubambelela isivinini esiphezulu kumabanga amade. Nokho, lokhu kuyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni loshaka ne-marlin oluqhathaniswayo. Isibonelo, uhlobo lukashaka olusheshayo, i-shortfin mako, lungafinyelela isivinini esingafika kumakhilomitha angu-60 ngehora, okuqhathaniswa nesivinini sezinhlobo ze-marlin ezisheshayo.

Isivinini Sokubhukuda Esirekhodiwe Esisheshayo

Isivinini sokubhukuda esishesha kakhulu esirekhodiwe se-marlin singamamayela angu-82 ngehora, kanti isivinini esishesha kakhulu esirekhodiwe soshaka singamamayela angu-60 ngehora. Kodwa-ke, lezi zivinini azigcini ngokujwayelekile futhi zitholwa kuphela ngesikhathi sokuqhuma okufushane kwesivinini esikhulu.

Amasu Okuzingela kaMarlin noShaka

Ama-Marlins noshaka banamasu ahlukene okuzingela athonywa i-anatomy yabo kanye ne-physiology. I-Marlin isebenzisa ijubane namandla ukuze ijahe inyamazane yabo, kuyilapho oshaka bethembele ekuthubeni nasekumangaleni ukuze babambe inyamazane yabo. Oshaka babuye babe nomuzwa othuthuke kakhulu wokuhogela, abawusebenzisayo ukuthola inyamazane yabo.

Isiphetho: Ubani Oshesha Kakhulu?

Sengiphetha, ama-marlin kanye noshaka bobabili bayizilwane ezisheshayo nezinamandla ezihlala olwandle emhlabeni. Nakuba ama-marlin ngokuvamile ebhukuda ngokushesha kunoshaka, lokhu kuyahlukahluka kuye ngezinhlobo zezilwane eziqhathaniswayo. Ekugcineni, ijubane lalezi zilwane lithonywa ukwakheka kwazo, isayensi yezinto eziphilayo nendawo ezihlala kuyo.

Imithelela Yebhayoloji Yasolwandle

Ukuqonda isivinini sokubhukuda kwama-marlin noshaka kungaba nomthelela kubhayoloji yasolwandle, okuhlanganisa ukongiwa nokuphathwa kwalezi zilwane. Ngokuqonda isivinini sabo sokubhukuda, abacwaningi bangaqonda kangcono ukuziphatha kanye nemvelo yalezi zilwane ezidla ezinye, ezingazisa imizamo yokongiwa kwemvelo namasu okuphatha.

Izikhombo kanye nokufunda okwengeziwe

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2. Carey, FG, Kanwisher, JW, & Brazier, O. (1984). Izinga lokushisa kanye nomsebenzi woshaka abamhlophe ababhukuda mahhala, i-Carcharodon carcharias. I-Canadian Journal of Zoology, 62 (7), 1434-1441.

3. Fish, FE (1996). I-Biomechanics namandla okubhukuda ezinhlanzini. Ku-MH Horn, KL Martin, & MA Chotkowski (Eds.), Intertidal fishes: Life in two worlds (pp. 43-63). I-Academic Press.

4. Klimley, AP, & Ainley, DG (1996). Oshaka abakhulu abamhlophe: I-biology ye-Carcharodon carcharias. I-Academic Press.

5. Sepulveda, CA, Dickson, KA, Bernal, D., Graham, JB, & Graham, JB (2005). Ucwaningo oluqhathanisayo lwe-physiology yama-tuna, oshaka, nezinhlanzi zezinhlanzi. I-Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Ingxenye A: I-Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 142(3), 211-221.