UMary Allen
Ukugcina amagundane afuywayo ngendlela engcono kakhulu kudinga ulwazi oluthile. Izimo zokugcina ezimbi zikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga zokuziphatha kumagundane amancane. Abanikazi kufanele baziswe kusenesikhathi mayelana nezidingo zamagundane ezifuywayo.
Ezesistimu
Izihlobo Zamagundane - Amagundane - Amagundane Angempela
Isikhathi sokuphila
ngokuvamile phakathi kwezinyanga ezingama-24-36
Ukuvuthwa
ngemva kwamasonto angu-3-4
Origin
Ukhokho wamagundane anemibala yanamuhla ekuqaleni kwakuyigundane lendlu empunga, elalidabuka emathafeni nasezigwadule zase-Asia. Igundane lendlu nalo lahamba nokufuduka kwabantu futhi manje selisakazwa cishe emhlabeni wonke (ngaphandle: i-tropical Africa). Iphinde yagcinwa njengesilwane esifuywayo eYurophu kusukela ngekhulu le-19. Igundane linomuzwa onamandla wokuhogela, ukuzwa (i-ultrasound), nokuthinta.
Ukuziphatha komphakathi
Izilwane zihlala emindenini evaliwe: eyeduna enezinsikazi eziningana kanye nenzalo yazo. Umndeni ngamunye owandisiwe unendawo yawo, ephawulwe ngezimpawu zephunga futhi ivikeleke kweminye imindeni enwetshiwe. Amagundane kufanele agcinwe ngamaqembu, ngisho nalapho enakekelwa abantu. Ngenxa yentokozo enkulu yokuzala yegundane elifuywayo (ukukhulelwa izikhathi ezifika kweziyishumi ngonyaka kanye nezingane ezine kuya kweziyishumi nambili zingenzeka), kungaba isilwane ubulili obufanayo (okungcono owesifazane) kufanele bugcinwe ndawonye noma owesilisa kufanele athenwe ngaphambi kokuvuthwa ngokocansi. I-socialization isebenza kangcono phakathi kwe-18th-21st. usuku lokuphila. Ukuhlalisana kwamagundane ngamanye eqenjini elikhona kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngokuqaphela nangaphansi kokugadwa (i-intraspecific aggression).
Attitude
Igundane langempela lasendlini lisebenza ukuhwalala nasebusuku. Endabeni yamagundane afuywayo, izigaba zomsebenzi zincike endaweni yomphakathi, ukuze izilwane nazo zisebenze futhi zisebenze kakhulu phakathi nosuku. Amasondo agijimayo awusizo ekuhambeni kwezilwane, kodwa - ngokuqondene nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane - hhayi ngaphandle kwengxabano, njengoba angabangela ukuziphatha okuphindaphindayo okungavamile (ama-ARV) futhi abhebhethekise ulaka. Ngokuvamile, isondo eligijimayo kufanele lihambisane nobukhulu besilwane (okungenani u-20 cm ububanzi begundane), libe nendawo egijimayo evaliwe, futhi livalwe ohlangothini lwe-axle.
Emvelweni, izilwane zihlala emaphasishi nasemigedeni, okufanele kucatshangelwe lapho uzigcina. Njengoba amagundane ekhiqiza umchamo omningi, ngokwesibonelo, amagundane ahlala ogwadule, izindawo zokungena komoya ezindaweni ezithengiswayo ngokuvamile azanele. Amagundane anombala azwela kakhulu kumswakama oweqile. Ukugxila kwe-ammonia nakho kuyanda lapho kuntuleka umoya, yingakho amakhaya amagundane kufanele ahlanzwe njalo.
Njengoba amagundane esebenza kakhulu, adinga indawo yezindlu enkulu kunazo zonke enobukhulu obuncane obungu-80 x 50 x 80 cm (L x W x H) enemisebenzi eminingi. Idivayisi yokubamba ingahlelwa ngokuphindwe kathathu. Ezitolo zezilwane ezifuywayo, abanikazi bazothola izinhlobonhlobo zefenisha njengezindlu zokulala, izitebhisi, ama-labyrinths, izigxobo zokugibela, izintambo, amaswing, njll. kusetshenziswe. Amagundane afuywayo athanda izinga lokushisa legumbi lokuhlala elingu-20-24 °C (amazinga okushisa afika ku-30 °C afinyelelwa esidlekeni samagundane). Nokho, ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kufanele kugwenywe. Amagundane e-albino kufanele agcinwe ngisho nasebumnyameni obuncane (lokhu kuyasebenza nakwezinye izilwane ezingama-albino). Ukukhanya okwedlulele kulimaza i-retina, ebuhlungu ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni kwesigaba futhi kamuva ingase iholele ngisho nasekuphuphuthekeni.
Nutrition
Ukudla kwegundane kulula njengoba amagundane angama-omnivores. Izingxube ezilungele izinga eliphezulu ezivela kubathengisi abangochwepheshe zingenzeka, kuhlanganiswe nokudla okuluhlaza kanye nejusi (isib. izithelo nemifino). Izikelemu, amaqanda abilisiwe, noma ukudla kwenja okomile njengokudla kusebenza njengomthombo wamaprotheni.
Njengawo wonke amagundane, ukuthintana izinyo nezinyo yisona sizathu sokuhuzuka kwamazinyo ahlala ekhula. Amagatsha avela ezihlahleni zezithelo ezingafafaziwe, amantongomane amancane angahlutshiwe, noma isinkwa esithile esiqinile afaneleka ukuguga futhi adabuke ngokwemvelo kanye nokwanelisa umuzwa wemvelo wamagundane.
Izinkinga zokuziphatha
Ukuphazamiseka kokuziphatha kwegundane lombala ngeshwa kuhluke kakhulu. Ngaphezu kokuhlukunyezwa kwe-intraspecific, kunenani elikhulu lokuziphatha okungajwayelekile-okuphindaphindayo, okuvame ukubangelwa izimo ezingezinhle zezindlu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukujaha umsila, ukujikijela, ukugxuma, ukugwedla odongeni, ukupeyinta ekhoneni, ukukhohlisa njalo, nokudla uboya. I-Krone (ukudla ubusha bakho) kungenzeka futhi uma singekho isikhala esanele noma ukuminyana kwesitoko kuphezulu kakhulu.
Umbuzo Ovame Ukubuzwa
Ingabe amagundane anombala angathambisa?
Amagundane anemibala ethambile athanda ukudlala nabantu “babo”. Nokho, kuthatha isikhashana ngaphambi kokuba amagundane amancane athembeke futhi afune ngokuzithandela ukuthintana ngokomzimba. “Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala, izilwane zivame ukubaleka lapho abantu besondela endaweni ebiyelwe kuyo.
Ngiwathambisa kanjani amagundane ami ombala?
Njengesinyathelo sokuqala, abanikazi kufanele bakhulume namagundane abo anombala futhi bawajwayele amazwi abo. Isibonelo, zingama endaweni ebiyelwe ngesikhathi ziphakelwa. Uma amagundane ekhombisa intshisekelo ngokubukeka okunelukuluku, isandla siba njalo endaweni ebiyelwe.
Mangaki amagundane anemibala okufanele uwagcine?
Amagundane ezilwane ezifuywayo azalelwa ukuhlala emndenini futhi adinga kakhulu okucacile. Gcina okungenani amagundane amabili, okungcono kakhulu. Iqembu elincane lamagundane abesifazane ababili kuya kwamane lilungele abasaqalayo futhi ngokuvamile bayezwana kahle.
Uwabamba kanjani amagundane ombala ngendlela efanele?
Amagundane ayizilwane ezifuywayo anelukuluku lokwazi, akhuthele, futhi izilwane ezinobudlelwane ngakho adinga izici ezimbalwa ukuze azizwe ekhululekile. Njengoba amagundane ekwazi ukuzala ngokushesha, kungcono ukugcina izilwane zobulili obufanayo ndawonye noma ukuthena abesilisa kusengaphambili.
Adingani amagundane anombala ekhejini lawo?
Badinga indawo eningi yokugwedla, ukugibela, ukugijima, nokumba. Bahlala ngamaqembu abane noma ngaphezulu ezindaweni ezivalekile kusuka (!) 100 cm ububanzi, 50 cm ukujula, futhi 60 cm ukuphakama okungenani elilodwa eliphakathi ezingeni 30 cm ukuphakama. Amaqembu amakhulu amagundane adinga indawo eyengeziwe.
Ulibamba kanjani igundane ngendlela efanele?
Igundane lihlala esandleni esisodwa ngenkathi esinye lisimboze ukusuka phezulu ngaphandle kokulithinta kakhulu. Izandla ezivaliwe zikhomba isithupha sibheke phezulu. Ngakho ubamba izandla zombili ndawonye nesundu phansi. Igundane libe selihlala ngokuvikelekile emgodini wezandla.
Iyiphi indawo yokulala yamagundane anombala?
Ifenisha: Indawo ebiyelwe igcwaliswa ngezingubo zokulala ezifanele (isb. ingxube yezingubo zokulala zezilwane ezincane, utshani, notshani) kuze kufike ekujuleni okungamasentimitha angama-20, kodwa okungcono kube ngu-40 cm ukuze amagundane abambe imigudu ezinzile. Baphinde banikezwe utshani noma iphepha lasendlini elingadayiwe njengezinto zokuzalela.
Kufanele uphakele kangaki amagundane afuywayo?
Umthetho wesithupha yithisipuni elilodwa lokudla igundane ngalinye, olenza litholakale mahhala ezilwaneni zakho. Nikeza izithelo, imifino, ulethisi, utshani, noma amakhambi kanye noma kabili ngosuku. Kanye ngesonto kukhona iphrotheni eyengeziwe ngendlela ye-quark noma ingxube yezinambuzane ezomisiwe.