UMary Allen
Njengoba ngishilo: Inani eliqondile lezinhlanzi alikwazi ukunqunywa. Kodwa kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-30,000 zezinhlanzi olwandle emhlabeni, ochwepheshe balinganisela. Uhlobo ngalunye luhlanganisa izinkulungwane eziningi zezinhlanzi.
Zingaki izinhlanzi sezizonke?
Izinhlanzi ziyiqembu elidala futhi elicebile kakhulu lezilwane ezinomgogodla. Izibonelo zokuqala zahlala olwandle lwethu eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-450 edlule. Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-20,000 ezihlala emifuleni yethu, emifuleni nasezilwandle.
Zingaki Izinhlanzi Ezihlala Emanzini Ahlanzekile?
Ukuhlonza izinhlanzi kanye nezinhlobo ezixubile ezinhlanzini
Iqembu lezinhlanzi zasemanzini ahlanzekile - uma liqhathaniswa neningi lamaqembu ezilwane - elinezinhlobo zomdabu ezingu-113 okuyiqembu "elilawulekayo" ngokuqhathaniswa ezilwaneni zethu.
Iyiphi inhlanzi ekhona kakhulu?
Phakathi kwezilwane ezinkulu, izinhlanzi yiqembu elicebile kakhulu lezilwane. Cishe ingxenye yazo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlanzi izinhlanzi zasemanzini ahlanzekile. Inani elikhulu kancane lezinhlobo zezinhlanzi yizinhlanzi zasolwandle, ezibizwa nangokuthi izinhlanzi zasemanzini anosawoti. Iningi lezinhlobo zezinhlanzi olwandle zihlala emanzini asogwini.
Zingaki izinhlanzi ezikhona eYurophu?
Lolu hlu lwezinhlanzi zasemanzini ahlanzekile aseYurophu kanye nezibani ziqukethe izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-500 zezinhlanzi nezibani (Petromyzontiformes) ezivela emanzini aphakathi nezwe eYurophu.
Iyiphi inhlanzi ebiza kakhulu ukuyidla?
Indawo yokudlela yase-Japan ye-sushi ithenge i-tuna ye-bluefin engu-222-kilogram endalini e-Tsukiji Fish Market (Tokyo) ngemali elingana nama-euro ayizigidi ezingu-1.3.
Ingabe inhlanzi ingaqhuma?
Kodwa ngingaphendula kuphela umbuzo oyisisekelo esihlokweni ngo-YEBO ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwami siqu. Izinhlanzi zingaqhuma.
Ingabe inhlanzi iyisilwane?
Izinhlanzi yizilwane ezihlala emanzini kuphela. Baphefumula ngama-gill futhi ngokuvamile banesikhumba esinama-scaly. Zitholakala emhlabeni wonke, emifuleni, emachibini, nasolwandle. Izinhlanzi ziyizilwane ezinomgogodla ngoba zinomgogodla, njengezilwane ezincelisayo, izinyoni, izilwane ezihuquzelayo kanye nezilwane ezihlala emanzini.
Iyiphi inhlanzi engcono kakhulu?
Ama-omega-3 fatty acids anempilo, amaprotheni amaningi, i-iodine, amavithamini, nokunambitheka okuhle: inhlanzi ibhekwa njengekhwalithi ephezulu futhi inempilo. Ngokwemininingwane evela ku-Fish Information Center, abantu baseJalimane bakhetha i-salmon, kulandele i-tuna, i-Alaska pollock, i-herring, nezimfanzi.
Bangaki abantu abafa ngokudoba unyaka ngamunye?
Izinhlanzi ezifika ku-2,500 bhiliyoni ziyabulawa minyaka yonke ezindaweni zokudoba kanye nezasemanzini emhlabeni jikelele. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuhlupheka kwezinhlanzi lapha!
Zivelaphi izinhlanzi eziningi?
Umkhiqizi omkhulu kunayo yonke emhlabeni yiChina (amaphesenti angu-38.6), ilandelwa yi-Indonesia (amaphesenti angu-10.1), i-India (amaphesenti angu-4.8), neVietnam (amaphesenti angu-3.2). Ingxenye enkulu yezinhlanzi ezidliwa e-European Union zivela ekuthengeni kwamanye amazwe. Abahlinzeki abakhulu yiNorway, China, Ecuador, neMorocco.
Ingabe inhlanzi ingaba ne-orgasm?
Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, abacwaningi baseSweden base bevele bebonile ukuthi i-trout ingakhohlisa "i-orgasm". Izazi zesayensi yezinto eziphilayo u-Erik Petersson noTorbjörn Järvi beKhomishana Yezokudoba yase-Swedish basola ukuthi i-trout yesifazane insundu isebenzisa lokhu ukuze ivimbele ukuhlangana nabalingani abangafunwa.
Ingabe izinhlanzi zinezitho zobulili?
Ukuhlukaniswa kobulili ezinhlanzini
Ngaphandle kokumbalwa, izinhlanzi ziwubulili obuhlukene. Lokho kusho ukuthi kukhona abesilisa nabesifazane. Ngokungafani nezilwane ezincelisayo, ukuvundiswa ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngaphandle komzimba. Ngakho-ke, azikho izitho zobulili ezikhethekile zangaphandle ezidingekayo.
Ingabe inhlanzi ingalala?
Ama-Pisces, noma kunjalo, awapheli ngokuphelele ebuthongweni bawo. Nakuba benciphisa ngokucacile ukunaka kwabo, abalokothi bawele esigabeni sokulala okujulile. Ezinye izinhlanzi zize zilale ngohlangothi ukuze zilale, njengoba nje senza.
Ingabe inhlanzi ingaphuza?
Njengazo zonke izidalwa eziphilayo emhlabeni, izinhlanzi zidinga amanzi ukuze imizimba yazo ne-metabolism isebenze. Nakuba zihlala emanzini, ibhalansi yamanzi ayilawulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. uphuze izinhlanzi olwandle. Amanzi olwandle anosawoti ngaphezu koketshezi lomzimba wezinhlanzi.
Ziya kanjani izinhlanzi endlini yangasese?
Ukuze kugcinwe indawo yazo yangaphakathi, izinhlanzi zasemanzini ahlanzekile zimunca i-Na+ kanye ne-Cl- ngamaseli e-chloride asezindleleni zawo. Izinhlanzi zasemanzini ahlanzekile zimunca amanzi amaningi nge-osmosis. Ngenxa yalokho, baphuza kancane futhi bachame cishe njalo.
Iyiphi izinhlanzi ezi-2 ezinkulu emhlabeni?
Lokhu kwenza i-basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus) ibe inhlanzi yesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni ngemva kukashaka womkhomo. Oshaka be-Basking banemilomo emikhulu abayisebenzisayo ukuze bahlunge amapulangwe emanzini; azinangozi kubantu. Izinhlobo zezilwane zihlukaniswa njengezingcupheni yi-IUCN Conservation Union.
Iyiphi inhlanzi encane kunazo zonke?
I-rasbora encane (i-Paedocypris) yizinhlanzi ezincane kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
Ingabe inhlanzi inemizwa?
Kwaphela isikhathi eside kukholakala ukuthi izinhlanzi azisabi. Azinayo ingxenye yobuchopho lapho ezinye izilwane kanye nathi bantu sicubungula leyo mizwa, kusho ososayensi. Kodwa ucwaningo olusha luye lwabonisa ukuthi izinhlanzi zizwela ubuhlungu futhi zingakhathazeka futhi zicindezeleke.