UMary Allen
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi kunezintuthwane eziyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-10,000 9,500 emhlabeni, eziyingxenye yezintuthwane ezingu-XNUMX XNUMX, futhi zizonke zinesisindo esilingana nesabo bonke abantu bomhlaba behlangene.
Zinkulu kangakanani izintuthwane ezinkulu emhlabeni?
Izinhlobo zezintuthwane ezinkulu kunazo zonke kungenzeka ukuthi zingezamasosha; indlovukazi ye-Dorylus molestus, isibonelo, ingaba ngu-8 cm ubude (physogastric) esigabeni sokumisa, ngaphandle kwalokho i-6.8 cm. I-Camponotus gigas queen ikhula ibe ubude obuyi-5 cm.
Ingabe intuthwane inenhliziyo?
Umbuzo ungaphendulwa ngokuthi “Yebo!” impendulo, kodwa akulula kangako. Izinambuzane zinezinhliziyo, kodwa azifani neze nezinhliziyo zabantu.
Ingabe intuthwane inawo ubuchopho?
Sidlulwa kuphela izintuthwane: phela ingqondo yazo yenza amaphesenti ayisithupha esisindo somzimba wazo. Intuthwane evamile enabantu abangu-400,000 cishe inenani lamangqamuzana obuchopho afanayo nomuntu.
Zingaki izintuthwane iqoqo ngalinye?
Indlovukazi eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kanye nabasebenzi abayizigidi eziyi-100,000 kuya kwezingu-5 bahlala esidulini. Kodwa kukhona nezinhlobo zezintuthwane ezihlala izisebenzi ezimbalwa kuphela.
Ingabe intuthwane ihlakaniphile?
Njengabantu ngabanye, izintuthwane azikwazi ukuzisiza, kodwa njengekoloni, zisabela ngokushesha nangempumelelo endaweni yazo. Leli khono libizwa nge-collective intelligence noma i-swarm intelligence.
Intuthwane inamazinyo?
Yebo, izintuthwane zinamazinyo, njengoba noma ubani owake wanyathela igquma lezintuthwane engafakaza.
Intuthwane inamehlo amangaki?
Izintuthwane zivame ukuba namehlo amancane kodwa athuthuke kahle anamehlo angamakhulu ambalwa (ku-Pogonomyrmex cishe 400, amanani afanayo kwezinye izizukulwane eziningi).
Kungani izintuthwane zithwala abafileyo bazo?
Izintuthwane, izinyosi, nomuhlwa nakho kuvame ukuba abafileyo bazo ngokuwasusa noma ngokuwangcwaba endaweni yawo. Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zinambuzane zihlala emiphakathini eminyene futhi zichayeka emagciwaneni amaningi, ukulahla abafileyo kuwuhlobo oluthile lokuvimbela izifo.
Uba kanjani indlovukazi yezintuthwane?
Indlovukazi iyodwa enquma ukuthi iqanda liyakhula libe eleduna noma elensikazi. Uma amaqanda engasitholi isidoda lapho ebekwa - okungukuthi uma ehlala engavundile - abesilisa bakhula kuwo. Izisebenzi nezinsikazi eziya ocansini (izindlovukazi zakamuva) zivela emaqandeni avundisiwe.
Kwenzekani lapho intuthwane eyindlovukazi isifile?
Ngezinye izikhathi izintuthwane ezimbili eziyizindlovukazi ziqala ikoloni elisha ndawonye. Uma enye yezindlovukazi ifa ngaphambi kokuba izintuthwane eziyizisebenzi zokuqala zifike, intuthwane eyindlovukazi esaphila izobonisa “indlela yokungcwaba” njengokuluma noma ukungcwaba isidumbu.
Ingabe izintuthwane zingalala?
Yebo, intuthwane ilele ngempela. Kungaba kubi uma evele ahambe ephindela emuva impilo yakhe yonke. Inganekwane yentuthwane ekhuthele ayilona iqiniso nakulo mqondo. Kunezigaba zokuphumula umuntu adlula kuzo.
Ibizwa ngani intuthwane yesifazane?
Iqoqo lezintuthwane linendlovukazi, abasebenzi nabesilisa. Izisebenzi azinabulili, okusho ukuthi abesilisa noma abesifazane, futhi abanamaphiko.
Ingabe intuthwane iyimpumputhe?
Amehlo awathuthukisiwe kabi cishe kuzo zonke izintuthwane, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile alungile kuphela ekuboneni umehluko ekugqameni noma ekunyakazeni kwemvelo. Ezinye izinhlobo zinamehlo athuthuke kahle futhi ziyakwazi ukubona ama-contours.
Ingabe izintuthwane zingadla abantu?
Ngenxa yokuthi izinambuzane ziyingxenye yokudla kwansuku zonke okungenani abantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili, i-UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) yethule umbiko ophelele ngoMsombuluko. Izinyosi, izintuthwane, ojekamanzi, nama-cicada nakho kubhekwa njengokudliwayo.
Ingabe izintuthwane zinobuthi?
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izintuthwane eziningi zinezicucu zomlomo, ezisetshenziselwa kokubili ukudla nokuzivikela, kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinto ezinobuthi: Ngokuluma esiswini, zingajova ubuthi ngokuqondile esitheni.