Guillemots

Ngezimpaphe zawo ezimnyama nezimhlophe, ama-guillemot akhumbuza ophengwini abancane. Nokho, izinyoni zasolwandle zihlala kuphela enyakatho nenkabazwe futhi zingandiza, ngokungafani namaphengwini.

Izici

Abukeka kanjani ama-guillemot?

Ama-Guillemots angamalungu omndeni wama-auk futhi lapho ayingxenye yohlobo lwe-guillemot. Lezi zinyoni ngokwesilinganiso zingamasentimitha angu-42 ubude, amaphiko angama-61 kuya ku-73 amasentimitha. Izinyawo ezimnyama ziphumela phezu komsila ngokundiza. Isilwane esikhulile sinesisindo esingangekhilogremu. Ikhanda, intamo, nomhlane kuba nsundu ngokumnyama ehlobo, isisu simhlophe. Ebusika, izingxenye zekhanda esilevini nangemuva kwamehlo nazo zinombala omhlophe.

Uqhwaku luncane futhi luqondile. Amehlo amnyama futhi ngezinye izikhathi azungezwe indandatho yamehlo emhlophe, lapho umugqa omhlophe omncane kakhulu ugijima uye phakathi nekhanda. Nokho, akuwona wonke ama-guillemot anendandatho yeso kanye nomugqa omhlophe. Izinyoni ezinaleli phethini zitholakala kakhulu enyakatho yendawo yokusabalalisa, bese zibizwa ngokuthi ama-ringlets noma ama-guillemots anezibuko.

Ahlala kuphi ama-guillemot?

Ama-Guillemot ahlala ezindaweni ezipholile nezingaphansi kwe-subarctic enyakatho nenkabazwe. Angatholakala enyakatho yeYurophu, e-Asia, naseNyakatho Melika, okungukuthi eNyakatho ye-Atlantic, eNyakatho yePacific, nase-Arctic Ocean. Kuphinde kube nenani elincane labantu engxenyeni yoLwandle iBaltic engaphansi kweFinland.

EJalimane, okungukuthi e-Central Europe, kukhona ama-guillemots kuphela esiqhingini sase-Heligoland. Lapho, zizalela kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi i-Lummenfelsen. Ama-Guillemots ahlala olwandle oluvulekile. Zitholakala emhlabeni kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzalanisa. Bese bebheka amawa aphakeme ukuze bazale.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zama-guillemot akhona?

Cishe kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa ze-guillemot. Abacwaningi basaphikisana ngokuthi kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu noma eziyisikhombisa ezihlukene. Izinhlobo ezimbili ezincane kuthiwa zihlala esifundeni sasePacific kanye nezinhlobo ezinhlanu ezihlukene esifundeni sase-Atlantic. I-guillemot enamabhilidi aminyene ihlobene eduze.

Ama-guillemot athola iminyaka emingaki?

Ama-Guillemots angaphila iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30.

Behave

Ama-guillemot aphila kanjani?

I-Guillemot izinyoni zasolwandle ezichitha ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwazo olwandle oluvulekile. Zifika ogwini zizozala. Ziyasebenza emini nakusihlwa. Ezweni, ama-guillemot abonakala exakile, ehamba eqondile ngezinyawo enyakaza. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, bangabatshuzi abanekhono futhi bangandiza kahle. Lapho zibhukuda, zigwedla ngezinyawo futhi zinyakaze kancane. Lapho zitshuza, zinyakaza ngokubhakuzisa nokuzungeza amaphiko azo. Zivame ukutshuza ngamamitha ambalwa ukujula, kodwa ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, zingatshuza zifike kumamitha ayi-180 ukushona kanye nemizuzu emithathu.

Lapho ezingela izinhlanzi, ekuqaleni avele anamathisele amakhanda awo emanzini phezulu emehlweni futhi abheke inyamazane. Lapho nje sebeyibonile inhlanzi bayacwiliswa emanzini. Lapho ama-guillemot eshintsha izimpaphe zawo, okungukuthi, phakathi ne-molt, kunesikhathi lapho engakwazi ukundiza. Kula masonto ayisithupha kuya kwayisikhombisa bahlala olwandle kuphela ngokubhukuda nokutshuza.

Ngesikhathi sokuzalanisa emhlabeni, ama-guillemot akha amakoloni. Enye yezinkulu kakhulu isogwini olusempumalanga yeCanada, eyakhiwe cishe ama-guillemots angu-400,000. Kula makoloni, amapheya angawodwana, ngokuvamile ahlala ndawonye isizini eyodwa, ahlala eduze kakhulu. Ngokwesilinganiso, amapheya angaba ngu-20 azalanisa kumitha yesikwele esisodwa, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ngaphezulu.

Ngemva kwesikhathi sokuzalela, ezinye izilwane zihlala eduze nezindawo ezizalela kuzo olwandle, kuyilapho ezinye zihambela kude. Akukhona nje ukuthi ama-guillemot aphilisana kahle, avumela nezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni zasolwandle ukuba zizalele ekoloni lazo.

Abangane nezitha zama-guillemots

Amaqanda e-guillemot avame ukudliwa ama-corvids, gull, noma izimpungushe. Izinyoni ezincane nazo zingaba yizisulu zazo. Ngokuyinhloko esikhathini esidlule, ama-guillemot ayezingelwa abantu futhi amaqanda abo ayeqoqwa. Namuhla kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela eNorway, e-Faroe Islands, naseGreat Britain.

Akhiqiza kanjani ama-guillemot?

Kuye ngendawo, ama-guillemot azalela phakathi kuka-March noma May no-June. Insikazi ngayinye izalela iqanda elilodwa kuphela. Ibekwa emadwaleni angenalutho, amancane edwala elizalanayo futhi ifakwe abazali ngokushintshana ezinyaweni izinsuku ezingu-30 kuya kwezingu-35.

Iqanda linesisindo esingamagremu angu-108 futhi ngalinye linombala futhi limakwe ngokuhlukile kancane. Ngakho-ke, abazali bangakwazi ukuhlukanisa amaqanda abo kwamanye ama-pair. Ukuze iqanda lingawi emaphethelweni ewa, liyi-conical kakhulu. Lokhu kuyenza ivele ijike ibe yimibuthano futhi ingaphahlazeki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, igobolondo leqanda linzima kakhulu futhi linamathela kahle ku-substrate.

Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba amaphuphu achanyuselwe, abazali baqala ukumemeza ukuze izingane zazi izwi labo. Lapho ekugcineni zikhasa ziphuma eqandeni, seziyabona kakade. Abafana baqale bagqoke ingubo ewugqinsi. Ngemva kokuchanyuselwa, amaphuphu anakekelwa izinsuku ezifinyelela kwezingama-70 ngaphambi kokuba akwazi ukundiza kahle futhi azimele.

Cishe emasontweni amathathu, amaphuphu kufanele aphumelele uvivinyo olukhulu lwesibindi: nakuba engakakwazi ukundiza, elula amaphiko awo amafushane futhi agxumele olwandle esuka emadwaleni aphakeme azalelayo. Inyoni engumzali ivame ukuhamba nazo. Lapho begxuma, babiza ngokugqamile nangokuzwakalayo ukuze bahlale bethintana nabazali babo.

Lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi i-Lummensprung ngokuvamile kwenzeka kusihlwa phakathi nokuhwalala. Ezinye izinyoni ezincane ziyafa ekugxumeni, kodwa eziningi ziyasinda ngisho noma ziwela ogwini olunamatshe: Ngenxa yokuthi zisaqinile, zinongqimba lwamafutha kanye nejazi eliwugqinsi eliphansi, zivikelwe kahle. Ngemva “kokudukisa” okunjalo bagijima bebheke ngasemanzini kubazali babo. Ama-Guillemots ahlala ezindaweni ezingajulile zasolwandle iminyaka emibili yokuqala yokuphila. Zibuyela edwaleni lazo lokuzalela lapho cishe zineminyaka emithathu ubudala futhi zikwazi ukuzalanisa lapho zineminyaka emine kuya kwemihlanu ubudala.

Ama-guillemot axhumana kanjani?

Kuzwakala kakhulu emakoloni okuzalanisa ama-guillemots. Ucingo oluzwakala njengokuthi “wah wah wah” futhi olungacishe lube ukubhonga luvamile. Izinyoni nazo zenza imisindo eklabalasayo.