UMary Allen
Iziqophamithi ezimnyama, ezimhlophe, nezinamabala abomvu zizinikela ngokushaya izigubhu ezinomsindo. Ngokuvamile zingabonwa nasezihlahleni ezingadini zethu.
Izici
Sibukeka kanjani isiqophamithi esinamachashaza?
Iziqophamithi ezinkulu ezinamachashaza ziyingxenye yomndeni weziqophamithi futhi zikhona ohlotsheni lweziqongqotha ezinkulu ezinamachashaza. Zilinganisa ubukhulu obungamasentimitha angama-25 ukusuka emlonyeni ukuya ekugcineni komsila futhi zinesisindo esingamagremu angama-74 kuye kwangama-95.
Ngenxa yokuthi izimpaphe zazo zimnyama ngokuphawulekayo, zimhlophe, futhi zibomvu, kulula ukuzibona: zimnyama phezulu zinamachashaza amabili amakhulu amhlophe emaphikweni, futhi isisu siphuzi ngokumpunga. Kunendawo enkulu ebomvu kwesokudla nakwesokunxele kwesisekelo somsila. Amaduna nawo anebala elibomvu entanyeni yawo. Ikhanda limhlophe emaceleni linemigqa emnyama entshebeni. Izinyoni ezisencane zinekhanda elibomvu.
Okunye okujwayelekile ngeziqophamithi yizinzipho ezicijile, ezigobile ezinyaweni zazo, ezizisebenzisela ukuqwala iziqu zezihlahla. Izinzwane ezimbili zikhomba phambili namaphuzu amabili emuva. Lokhu kwenza izinyoni zikwazi ukubambelela emagatsheni naseziqwini zezihlahla. Iziqophamithi ezinkulu ezinamachashaza zinesinye isici esikhethekile: zinesikhumba esiwugqinsi ngokungavamile. Ngakho-ke bavikeleke kahle ekulunyweni kwezinambuzane - inyamazane yabo eyintandokazi.
Sihlala kuphi isiqophamithi esikhulu esinamabala?
Iziqophamithi ezinkulu ezinamabala ziyizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zeziqophamithi ezweni lakithi. Ngaphandle kweYurophu, zitholakala ezingxenyeni ze-Asia naseNyakatho Afrika. Iziqophamithi ezinkulu ezinamachaphaza zingatholakala emahlathini avuthuluka nangama-coniferous, kodwa ngokunjalo nasemapaki nasezingadini - okungukuthi noma yikuphi lapho kunezihlahla.
Uma kunezinkuni ezindala noma ezifile endaweni, iziqophamithi ezinamachashaza zikhetha ukuhlala lapho. Ngokuvamile ungakwazi ukuzibona kalula nxazonke zendlu ezihlahleni engadini.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zesiqophamithi esinamachashaza ezikhona?
Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-20 ze-Great Spotted Woodpecker yethu yomdabu ezindaweni ezihlukene zohlu lwazo. Lezi zitholakala kusukela eziQhingini zaseCanary ngaphesheya kweNyakatho Afrika naseYurophu yonkana ukuya e-Asia Minor nasezingxenyeni ezithile ze-Asia. Izihlobo zesiqophamithi esikhulu esinamabala ezihlala nathi, isibonelo, isiqophamithi esiphakathi nendawo, isiqophamithi esincane, isiqophamithi esinezinzwane ezintathu, isiqophamithi esiluhlaza kanye nesiqophamithi esimnyama.
Iziqophamithi ezinkulu ezinamachashaza zingaba neminyaka emingaki?
Iziqophamithi ezinkulu ezinamachashaza zingaphila iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili.
Behave
Siphila kanjani isiqophamithi esinamabala?
Iziqophamithi ezinkulu ezinamachaphaza ziyizinyoni ezidla amagalane okungelula nje kuphela ukuzibona ngemibala yazo emangalisayo. Ukuma kwazo kujwayelekile: ujwayele ukuzibona zihlezi ziqondile emagatsheni noma zihamba ngobuchule zikhuphuka iziqu. Uma befuna ukwehla, abalokothi bagijimele phambili, kodwa behla behlehla nyovane.
Iziqophamithi ezinhle ezinamabala akuwona abaculi bendiza abakhulu. Ziyakwazi ukundiza ngokwemvelo futhi ukundiza kwazo okungaguquki akungabazeki. Kodwa azihambi amabanga amade, zivame ukuhlala endaweni yazo zigibele ezihlahleni lapho. Uqhwaku lwesiqophamithi esinamabala luyithuluzi elisebenza ngezindlela eziningi: lusetshenziselwa ukubhoboza imbobo yesidleke, lunqume amagatsha, lubhoboze amagxolo esihlahla ukuze ludle. Basebenzisa ama-tweezers abo afana noqhwaku ukuze bakhiphe izibungu kanye nezinambuzane ngaphandle kwezinkuni.
Futhi-ke, uqhwaku lusetshenziselwa ukushaya, ukushaya, nokushaya isando: iziqophamithi ezinkulu ezinamachashaza zidlala yonke into enomsindo: eziqwini zezihlahla ezingenalutho, emagatsheni afile, kodwa nakuma-gutters noma amafreyimu amafasitela. Kodwa iziqongqotha ezinkulu ezinamachaphaza zimelana kanjani nokushaywa ngobudlova?
Kalula nje: Zinokuxhumana okuguquguqukayo, okuguquguqukayo phakathi kwesisekelo soqhwaku nogebhezi, okusebenza njengesimunyisi ukushaqeka. Futhi banemisipha eqinile ngemuva kwamakhanda abo namathambo aqinile. Iziqongqotha ezinkulu ezinamachashaza zihlala endaweni yazo unyaka wonke. Izinyoni ezisuka enyakatho nasempumalanga yeYurophu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zifudukela eningizimu ebusika, isibonelo, enyakatho yeJalimane.
Phakathi nokuphila kwazo, iziqongqotha ezinkulu ezinamabala zibaza imihume eminingi esetshenziswa nezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni. Izikhova zePygmy zihlale zizalela emigodini emidala yesiqophamithi engasasetshenziswa, kodwa izinkanyezi, osisi, ngisho namalulwane, izingwejeje, noma ama-dormouse athanda ukungena emigodini emidala yeziqophamithi njengabaqashi abasha.
Abangane nezitha zesikhotha esikhulu esinamabala
Izilwane ezidla ezinye ezinjengama-martens kanye nezinyoni ezidla inyama njengama-srrowhawks noklebe noma izikhova ezinezikhova nezinye izikhova ziyingozi kakhulu kuma-woodpeckers amancane.
Ingabe isiqophamithi esikhulu esinamabala sizalana kanjani?
Lapho amaduna e-Great Spotted Woodpecker elwa nensikazi phakathi nokuqomisana, avula umlomo wawo kakhulu futhi aphakamise izimpaphe zawo zekhanda. Uma iduna selibambe insikazi, laba ababili bahlala ndawonye isikhathi esisodwa sokuzalana. Baqopha - ngokuvamile ndawonye - imbobo ye-brood ejulile engamasentimitha angama-30 ukuya kwangu-50 ngoqhwaku lwazo.
Ngemva kokukhwelana, insikazi izalela amaqanda amhlophe amane kuya kwayisikhombisa. Lezi zifukamela abesilisa nabesifazane ngokushintshana izinsuku eziyishumi nanye kuya kweziyi-13. Amancane adliswa ngabazali bobabili amasonto amathathu kuya kwamane aze aphaphame futhi azimele. Bavuthwa ngokobulili lapho benonyaka owodwa ubudala.