UMary Allen
Ukushabalala kusho ukuthi uhlobo lwesilwane noma lwesitshalo osekunesikhathi eside lukhona alusekho emhlabeni. Lapho isilwane noma isitshalo sokugcina sohlobo lufa, lonke uhlobo lwezilwane luyashabalala. Izidalwa eziphilayo zalolu hlobo ngeke ziphinde zibe khona emhlabeni. Izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane nezitshalo ezashabalala zazikhona emhlabeni isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokunyamalala kuwo. Abanye babo izigidi zeminyaka.
Ama-dinosaurs ashabalala cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-65 edlule. Lezo kwakuyizinhlobo zezilwane eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, okuyizo zonke izinhlobo zama- dinosaur ezazikhona ngaleso sikhathi. Kubizwa ngokuthi ukushabalala okukhulu. I-Neanderthal yafa eminyakeni engu-30,000 edlule, okwakuwuhlobo lwabantu. Okhokho bethu, uhlobo lwabantu "Homo Sapiens", baphila ngesikhathi esifanayo namaNeanderthals. Kodwa lolu hlobo lwabantu aluzange lufe, yingakho sikhona namuhla.
Ukushabalala kwenzeka kanjani?
Lapho sekusele izilwane ezimbalwa zohlobo oluthile, lolo hlobo lwezilwane lusengozini yokushabalala. Izinhlobo zingaqhubeka nokuba khona kuphela uma izilwane zalolu hlobo ziqhubeka nokuzala, okungukuthi zizala izilwane ezincane. Yile ndlela izakhi zofuzo zohlobo oludluliselwa kubazali kuya enzalweni yabo. Uma kusele ipheya elilodwa lezinhlobo zezilwane ezishabalalayo, kungenzeka zingazaleli. Mhlawumbe izilwane sezikhulile kakhulu noma ziyagula, noma mhlawumbe zihlala zodwa futhi azikaze zihlangane. Uma lezi zilwane ezimbili zifa, izinhlobo zezilwane ziyashabalala. Ngeke kuphinde kube nezilwane zalolu hlobo ngoba zonke izilwane ezazinalolufuzo zifile.
Iyafana nezinhlobo zezitshalo. Izitshalo nazo zinenzalo, isibonelo ngembewu. Izakhi zofuzo zezitshalo zisembewini. Uma uhlobo lwesitshalo luyeka ukuzala, isibonelo, ngenxa yokuthi imbewu ngeke isakwazi ukumila, lolu hlobo lwezitshalo nalo luzoshabalala.
Kungani izinhlobo zezilwane zishabalala?
Lapho uhlobo lwesilwane noma lwesitshalo lushabalala, lungaba nezimbangela ezihluke kakhulu. Uhlobo ngalunye ludinga indawo ethile yokuhlala. Lena indawo ngokwemvelo enezici eziqondile ezibalulekile ezinhlotsheni zezilwane. Ngokwesibonelo, izikhova zidinga amahlathi, ama-eel adinga imifula namachibi ahlanzekile, futhi izinyosi zidinga izimfunda namasimu anezitshalo eziqhakazayo. Uma le ndawo yokuhlala iba yincane futhi ibancane, noma isikwa imigwaqo, noma ilahlekelwa impahla ethile ebalulekile, uhlobo oluthile ngeke lusakwazi ukuhlala kahle lapho. Inani lezilwane liya lincipha futhi libe lincane kuze kube sekugcineni, ezokugcina ziyafa.
Ukungcoliswa kwemvelo nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu nakho kuholela ekushabalaleni kwezilwane nezitshalo ngenxa yokuthi indawo ezihlala kuzo iyonakala kakhulu ngenxa yalokho. Futhi ekugcineni, izinhlobo zezilwane nazo zisengozini uma zizingelwa kakhulu. Njengoba umuntu eye waba nethonya elikhulu ekuphileni emhlabeni ngezimboni nezolimo, kuye kwashabalala izinhlobo zezilwane nezitshalo eziphindwe izikhathi eziyinkulungwane kunangaphambili enkathini efanayo yesikhathi. Lapho izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane zishabalala ngesikhathi esifushane, kubizwa ngokuthi ukushabalala kwezinhlobo zezilwane. Cishe iminyaka engu-8,000 XNUMX kuye kwaba nenye inkathi yokuqothulwa kwabantu abaningi. Isizathu salokhu indoda.
Yini engenziwa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukushabalala kwezinhlobo zezilwane?
Kunezinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe ezisebenzela ukuvikela imvelo. Isibonelo, bagcina "Uhlu Olubomvu Lwezilwane Ezisengozini". Kulolu hlu kunezinhlobo zezilwane ezisengozini yokushabalala. Abezemvelo babe sebezama ukusindisa izinhlobo zezilwane nezitshalo ezisohlwini lokuqothulwa. Lokhu kubandakanya nokuvikela izindawo zokuhlala zalezi zilwane. Isibonelo, ngokwakha imigudu yamaxoxo ukuze amaxoxo akhase ngaphansi komgwaqo.
Ngokuvamile kwenziwa imizamo yokugcina izilwane zokugcina zohlobo oluthile ema-zoo. Lapha izilwane zinakekelwa futhi zivikelekile ezifweni. Iduna nezinsikazi kuhlanganiswa ndawonye ngethemba lokuthi zizoba nenzalo nokuthi lezi zilwane ziyolondolozwa.