UMary Allen
I-ecosystem wumphakathi wezitshalo nezilwane ezihlala endaweni ethile. Ngezinye izikhathi abantu bayingxenye yakho futhi. Indawo noma indawo yokuhlala nayo iyingxenye ye-ecosystem. Ibizwa ngokuthi i-biotope. Igama lesiGreki elithi "eco" lisho "indlu" noma "indlu". Igama elithi “uhlelo” lisho okuthile okuxhumene. Isayensi yemvelo echaza i-ecosystem i-ecology.
Ukuthi inkulu kangakanani le ndawo yokuhlala nokuthi okungeyayo kunqunywa abantu, ikakhulukazi ososayensi. Kuhlala kuncike kulokho ofuna ukukuthola. Ungabiza isiphunzi sesihlahla esibolayo noma ichibi ngokuthi i-ecosystem - kodwa futhi ungabiza lonke ihlathi okutholakala kulo isiphunzi sesihlahla kanye nechibi. Noma idlelo elihlangene nomfudlana ogeleza phakathi kwalo.
I-ecosystems iyashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lapho izitshalo zifa, zakha i-humus emhlabathini lapho izitshalo ezintsha zingakhula khona. Uma uhlobo lwesilwane luzala kakhulu, lungase lungakutholi ukudla okwanele. Bese kuba mbalwa kulezi zilwane futhi.
Nokho, i-ecosystem ingaphinde iphazamiseke ngaphandle. Yilokhu okwenzeka emfudlaneni, isibonelo, lapho imboni ithela amanzi angcolile emhlabathini. Ukusuka lapho, ubuthi bungangena emanzini angaphansi komhlaba, futhi ukusuka lapho bungene emfudlaneni. Izilwane nezitshalo ezisemfudlaneni zingafa ngenxa yobuthi. Esinye isibonelo umbani oshaya ihlathi, wokhela zonke izihlahla.