UMary Allen
Izinkozi ziyizinyoni ezinkulu ezidla inyama. Kunezinhlobo eziningana, njengama-golden eagles, ama-white-tailed eagles, nama-osprey. Zidla izilwane ezincane nezinkulu. Zibamba isisulu sazo ngezinzipho eziqinile lapho zindiza, phansi, noma emanzini.
Izinkozi zivame ukwakha izidleke zazo, ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-eyries, emadwaleni noma ezihlahleni ezinde. Insikazi izalela iqanda elilodwa kuya kwamane lapho. Isikhathi sokufukamela siyizinsuku ezingama-30 kuya kwezingama-45 kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni. Amatshwele aqala amhlophe, izimpaphe zawo ezimnyama zikhula kamuva. Ngemva kwamasonto ayi-10 kuya kwayi-11, amaphuphu angandiza.
Izinhlobo zokhozi ezaziwa kakhulu e-Central Europe ukhozi olusagolide. Izimpaphe zayo zinsundu futhi amaphiko ayo avulekile angaba amamitha amabili ububanzi. Ihlala ikakhulukazi e-Alps naseduze neMedithera, kodwa futhi eNyakatho Melika nase-Asia. Ukhozi olusagolide lunamandla kakhulu futhi lukwazi ukuzingela izilwane ezincelisayo ezinzima kunalo. Ivamise ukubamba onogwaja kanye nezimbila, kodwa nezinyamazane ezincane nezinyamazane, ngezinye izikhathi izilwane ezihuquzelayo nezinyoni.
Enyakatho nasempumalanga yeJalimane, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ungathola ukhozi olunomsila omhlophe: amaphiko alo makhulu kakhulu kunokhozi lwegolide, okungamamitha angu-2.50. Ikhanda nentamo kulula ukudlula wonke umzimba. Ukhozi olunomsila omhlophe ludla ikakhulukazi izinhlanzi kanye nezinyoni zasemanzini.
Okuhlobene eduze nayo ukhozi olunempandla, olutholakala eNyakatho Melika kuphela. Izimpaphe zayo zicishe zibe mnyama, kuyilapho ikhanda layo limhlophe qwa. Uyisilwane se-heraldic, uphawu oluhlukile, lwase-United States.
Ingabe izinkozi zisengozini?
Sekungamakhulu eminyaka abantu bezingela ukhozi noma behlanza izidleke zalo. Babembona encintisana naye ngoba wayedla inyamazane yabantu njengonogwaja kodwa namawundlu. Ukhozi olusagolide lwalushabalele kulo lonke elaseJalimane, ngaphandle kwaseBavarian Alps. Yasinda ikakhulukazi ezintabeni lapho abantu bengakwazi ukufinyelela izidleke zayo.
Izifunda ezihlukahlukene ziye zavikela ukhozi kusukela ngekhulu lama-20. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, inani lezinkozi liye landa emazweni amaningi, kuhlanganise neJalimane, i-Austria, neSwitzerland.
Ukhozi olunomsila omhlophe nalo seluzingelwe amakhulu eminyaka futhi selucishe lwashabalala entshonalanga yeYurophu. EJalimane, wasinda kuphela ezifundazweni zikahulumeni zaseMecklenburg-Western Pomerania naseBrandenburg. Enye ingozi yeza kamuva: ubuthi besinambuzane i-DDT banqwabelana ezinhlanzini futhi ngaleyo ndlela bufake nobuthi okhozini olunomsila omhlophe ukuze amaqanda alo angabi nanzalo noma aphuke.
Ezinye izifundazwe ziye zasiza ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene ukubuyisela izinkozi ezinomsila omhlophe. Isibulala-zinambuzane i-DDT savinjelwa. Ebusika, ukhozi olunomsila omhlophe londliwa ngaphezu kwalokho. Ngezinye izikhathi, izidleke zokhozi zazigadwa ngisho namavolontiya ukuze izinkozi zingaphazamisi noma zebiwe abadayisi bezilwane ezifuywayo. Kusukela ngo-2005, ayisabhekwa njengesengozini eJalimane. E-Austria, ukhozi olunomsila omhlophe lusongelwa ukushabalala. Ikakhulukazi ebusika, zibuye zidle inyama ebolile, okungukuthi izilwane ezifile. Lezi zingaqukatha umthofu omningi, ofaka ushevu okhozini olunomsila omhlophe. Izitimela ezihambayo noma izintambo zikagesi nazo ziyingozi. Abanye abantu basalalisa ukudla okunoshevu.
Ukhozi olunomsila omhlophe lwalungakaze lube ekhaya eSwitzerland. Ikakhulukazi, udlula njengesivakashi esidlulayo. Ama-Osprey kanye nezinkozi ezinamachashazi amancane nazo zizalela eJalimane. Ziningi ezinye izinhlobo zezinkozi emhlabeni wonke.
Kungani ama-eagle evame ukugqoka amajazi?
Ijazi lezikhali isithombe esimelela izwe, idolobha, noma umndeni. Kusukela kudala abantu bebethatheka ngezinyoni ezinkulu ezintweza esibhakabhakeni. Abacwaningi baze basole ukuthi igama elithi ukhozi lisuka egameni elithi “umhlonishwa”. AmaGreki asendulo ayebheka ukhozi njengophawu lukaZeus, uyise wonkulunkulu, kuyilapho amaRoma ayekholelwa ukuthi iJupiter.
NgeNkathi Ephakathi, futhi, ukhozi lwaluwuphawu lwamandla obukhosi nobukhosi. Yingakho amakhosi nababusi kuphela ababevunyelwe ukusebenzisa ukhozi njengesilwane sabo esinomlingo. Ngakho wangena emajazini amazwe amaningi, isibonelo, eJalimane, e-Austria, ePoland naseRussia. Ngisho ne-USA inokhozi, nakuba ingakaze ibe nenkosi. Ukhozi lwaseMelika luwukhozi olunempandla, kanti iJalimane lukhozi lwegolide.