UMary Allen
Amadada asendle ahlabeka umxhwele ngezimpaphe zawo ezimibalabala. Izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane nazo zigcinwa kuma-aviaries abanzi ngabathandi bezinkukhu. Amadada aseMandarin noma amadada ezinkuni afanele abaqalayo.
Amadada ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amahlanu ahlukene kokuthi «Imihlahlandlela Yokugcina Izinkukhu Zokuhlobisa». Amadada acwebezelayo kanye namadada avamile aphakathi kwalawo afaneleka kakhulu ukungena ekufuyweni kwezinyoni zamadada. Amadada acwebezelayo atholakala cishe emhlabeni wonke futhi ajwayele izimo zezindawo zawo zemvelo.
Okujwayelekile kuwo wonke amadada acwebezelayo ukuthi athanda amanzi ahamba kancane ahlanganiswe nezihlahla. Emvelweni, zidla izingxenye zezitshalo, izinambuzane, noma ama-acorn. Isiphakeli esenziwe ngomumo ukuhweba kulungele ukugcinwa kwezinyoni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-turf eqinile iyinzuzo ukuze amadada angathola ukudla okwengeziwe lapho.
Amadada anemibala e-mandarin namadada asenkuni avela eqenjini lamadada acwebezelayo afaneleka kakhulu ukuqalisa ngokufuywa kwezinyoni zamadada. Zikhiqiza kabusha ngempumelelo kuma-aviary amancane. Lapho izilwane zifukamela, zihlala phezu kwamaqanda phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-28 nezingu-32 kuze kube yilapho amatshwele achanyuselwa. Ukuze zifukamele inzalo, zibheka imigodi yezihlahla noma amabhokisi okuzalela, okufanele umnikazi wawo awanikeze.
Izingubo Ezinhle Kakhulu Zokuqomisana
Amadada aseMandarin adabuka eMpumalanga Asia, eRussia naseJapan. Kodwa sekuphinde kwaba khona abantu eYurophu amashumi eminyaka, isibonelo eningizimu yeNgilandi naseScotland. Zijwayele izimo zezulu zendawo futhi zingaphila kahle lapha. Ingubo yokuqomisana yedrake ye-mandarin iyamangalisa futhi inemibala eminingi. Isebenza kahle kakhulu uma ama-drakes eshela abesifazane bakusasa. Ngemuva, babe sebebonisa izimpaphe zikaseyili ezimbili eziqondile, ezinsundu ngokusasinamoni. Kanye namadada okhuni, amadada e-mandarin yiwo amadada avame ukugcinwa.
Idada lezinkuni livela eNyakatho Melika. Ezwekazini lasekhaya, lacekelwa phansi kakhulu ngokulahleka kwezindawo zokuhlala (ukuhlanzwa nokuchithwa kwamaxhaphozi ambozwe yizihlahla) ngekhulu le-19. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ukukhishwa endle kungabonwa naseYurophu. Inzalo yokuqala eyachanyuselwa eBerlin Zoo ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 yakhululwa yayiswa endle. Inani labantu lakhula ngokushesha emanzini asepaki azungezile eBerlin. Nokho, waphindela phakathi.
Ingubo yokuqomisana yedada likamakoti nayo iyahlaba umxhwele. Izimpaphe zekhanda nezinwetshiwe zentamo zine-metallic sheen. Ingemuva nomsila kucwebezelayo okumnyama ngokuluhlaza futhi isifuba sinsundu nge-chestnut namachashazi amhlophe. Phela, kungenzeka ukugcina amadada e-Mandarin namadada ezinkuni nezinye izinhlobo. Isibonelo, amadada anamahlombe abomvu afanelekile njengabalingani be-aviary.
I-Breeders' Association of Breeding Poultry Switzerland incoma indawo yendiza eyimitha-skwele eyishumi nambili enendawo yechibi okungenani engamamitha-skwele amane kanye nokujula kwamanzi okungamasentimitha angama-40 “kubhangqa” ngalinye elicwebezelayo. Indlu yezinyoni kufanele imbozwe. Hhayi nje ukuvikela izilwane ezitheni ezingaba khona emoyeni, kodwa futhi ukuze zingakwazi ukundiza zihambe. Ikakhulukazi, abagcini baphoqelekile ngokomthetho ukuthatha zonke izinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi lezo zinhlobo okungezona ezomdabu azikwazi ukubalekela emvelweni. Ingasaphathwa eyokukhishwa kwabantu.
Uma uqala ukufuya amadada, kuyancomeka ukuthi uthintane nehhovisi lezilwane ze-cantonal. Ngokuya ngohlobo kanye nemithetho ye-cantonal, imvume yokubamba ingadingeka. Izimo zendawo zingatholakala futhi kubafuyi bezilwane ezincane ze-cantonal. Bayajabula ukweluleka abaqalayo ngokugcinwa kwezinyoni zedada.
Amadada Aphansi
Ngokuqondene neqembu lamadada aphansi, ahlanganisa idada laseBahamian kanye ne-mallard esabalele, azizwa esekhaya kuzo zombili izivalo ezinkulu nezincane. Endle, zihlala emachibini aphakathi nezwe, emachibini amanzi, noma emachibini. Phela igama lazo livela ekutheni zivame ukumba, okungukuthi zifuna ukudla phansi emanzini angashoni.
Ngokungafani namadada acwebezelayo, amadada aluhlaza awahlali emigodini yezihlahla, kodwa emibhedeni emide yomhlanga, ezihlahleni eziminyene, noma ngaphansi kweziphunzi zempande ezigeziwe. Iningi labo liyakwazi ukuzala uma selineminyaka emibili ubudala. Ezindaweni zokuzalela, bancamela ukuba seduze namanzi. Ukudla kwedada elivamile kuhlanganisa imbewu nezingxenye eziluhlaza zezitshalo zasemanzini. Ekunakekelweni kwabantu, ukudla okuxubile kufanelekile, kanti ezinye izimfanzi nazo zidliwa ngokujabulisayo.
Idada le-Versicolor lidabuka eNingizimu Melika. Ingaphezulu lekhanda linombala onsundu ngokumnyama. Njengokuchaphaza kombala, amaphiko abonisa isibuko samaphiko okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okuluhlaza kuya kokusa violet ngokujule. Uqhwaku luphuzi ngotshani nezinhlangothi eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokukhanyayo. Ngenxa yemvelaphi yayo yaseNingizimu Melika kanye nobubanzi bayo bemvelo, okukude kakhulu eziQhingini zaseFalkland, kodwa futhi esifundeni saseBuenos Aires e-Argentina, ingagcinwa ebusika ngaphandle kokungabaza futhi ngaphandle kokukhosela. Lokhu kusebenza nakwezinye izinhlobo zamadada.
Kudada we-Versicolor, osabalele kubalimi baseSwitzerland, i-Breeding Poultry Switzerland incoma indawo yezinyoni engamamitha-skwele angu-16 futhi, njengamadada acwebezelayo, ichibi elingamamitha-skwele amane. Izidingo zohlobo ngalunye zichazwe ngokuningiliziwe encwadini ethi “Guidelines for Keeping Ornamental Poultry” by Breeding Poultry Switzerland (bheka ithiphu lencwadi). Ngakho-ke le ncwadi iyincwadi ekahle yokubhekisela.