I-Discus Fish In The Aquarium: Iseluleko Ngokuzigcina

I-wafer-zacile, kodwa enombala obabazekayo, izinhlanzi ze-discus ziyafika futhi zinqoba izindawo ezihlala emanzini kanye nezinhliziyo zabanikazi bazo kuleli zwe. Izinhlanzi zihlaba umxhwele ikakhulukazi ngenxa yesakhiwo sazo esiqondile esiwumngcingo, kodwa nakakhulu ngenxa yezinhlobonhlobo zemibala yazo, amaphethini, ama-nuances amangalisayo kanye nokubonakaliswa kokukhanya. Bangumkhangeli wangempela kuwo wonke amachibi, kodwa akulula neze ukuwanakekela. Izinhlanzi eziningi ze-discus zivela esizukulwaneni sokuqala futhi zibanjwa kakhulu zasendle. Ukuze uthole indawo - noma kunalokho i-fin - ku-aquaristics, isifiso sokugcina lezi zinhlanzi senze umnikelo obalulekile ekuthuthukisweni okuqhubekayo kwezihlungi ze-aquarium, izinhlelo zokuhlanza amanzi kanye nokukhiqizwa kokuphakela kwezinhlanzi. Okwamanje, inzalo ephumelelayo iye yakhuliswa ngempumelelo ezindaweni eziningi, ezinye zinamagama angokomcabango afana ne-Marlboro Red, i-Tangerine Dream noma i-Pigeon Blood. Ngenxa yama-aquarist anjalo anolwazi, kukhona amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngokugcina izinhlanzi ze-discus abathandi abaningi bezinhlanzi abangakaze bazizwe ngazo. Ukubheka impilo kanye nomsebenzi wezinhlanzi ze-discus kuhlala kunenzuzo.

I-Discus fish in portrait

Ukuvela kwemvelo kwezinhlanzi ze-discus kunganikezwa ngokucacile e-Amazon. Izinhlanzi zibhekwa kusukela ePeru kuya e-Amazon yaseBrazil, lapho umfula uhlangana khona ne-Atlantic. Futhi futhi ezingelwa, ngendlela. Ziwumthombo obalulekile wamaprotheni kubantu bomdabu base-Amazonia, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke ziwumthombo obalulekile wemali engenayo kwezinye izakhamuzi, njengoba zingadayiswa njengezimpahla zangaphandle zakwa-aquaristic.

Ngenxa yesifunda sase-Amazon esigcwele kakhulu, izinhlanzi ze-discus zivela kwezinye izinhlobo zemibala nezinhlobo ezincane ezindaweni eziningi. Izinkathi ezomile nezinemvula ezibangelwa isimo sezulu esishisayo zibangela ngokuphindaphindiwe amachibi emvelo afana nesiqhingi lapho inani labantu likhula ngaphandle kokunye okukhethekile. Ngakho izinhlanzi zazichazwa futhi zihlukaniswa ngokwehlukana.

UMLANDO - Xoxa ngezinhlanzi

Izinhlanzi ze-discus kanye nezinhlobo zayo ezincane zihlala ziphikisana kakhulu. Okunye ukuqaphela kuyangabazeka, okunye akukwazi ukuhlukaniswa ngolwazi olwanele lwesayensi. Isibonelo, ukuphakama kwemisebe yokugcina, izinombolo ze-vertebrae nezilinganiso azikwazi ukuhlukaniswa ngokucacile. Nokho, ezinye izici zisebenza kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane ezaziwayo. Sekukonke, i-discus fish ingachazwa kanje:

ehlelekile

• Igama lesayensi: Symphysodon
• Umndeni: Ama-Cichlids (Cichlinae)
• Uhlobo: izinhlanzi zamanzi ahlanzekile
• Umsuka: Uhlelo lomfula i-Amazon ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseNingizimu Melika

Kubukeka

• umzimba omncane kakhulu, onesikhala esiphezulu
• izimpiko zomhlane ezimfishane, eziyindilinga nangemuva
• amaphiko e-pectoral asobala
• amaphiko omlomo oqondile
• iphrofayili yasebunzini elide elinekhala elifushane kakhulu, umlomo omncane nezindebe ezijwayelekile ze-perch
• Imigqa eqondile ekhazimulayo ekhazimulayo phezu kwamehlo, eminye imigqa enqamulayo isakazeka emzimbeni
• Amazinyo ancishisiwe ethanjeni le-pharyngeal, amazinyo anombono owodwa ku-symphysis
• Ubukhulu bomzimba: 12-16 cm endle, kufika ku-20 cm ku-aquarium

Lemvelo

• izinga lokushisa lamanzi ashisayo (29 - 34 °C)
• i-acidic pH values ​​(4 – 6.5)
• izinga lamanzi athambile
• amanzi ahlanzekile ngokwedlulele, angenawo amaminerali ancibilikisiwe kanye nezakhi eziphilayo
• Amabhange aphakeme kanye namathafa ezikhukhula anokujula kwamanzi okungenani okungu-1.5 m

Nutrition

• i-zooplankton
• izibungu zezinambuzane
• ama-bristleworms
• izimfanzi ezincane zamanzi ahlanzekile
• imfucumfucu yezitshalo ezibolile

Indlela yempilo

• I-Discus fish ihlala ngamaqembu omphakathi (izikole) futhi yakha ngababili
• Ukuvuthwa kwezocansi: kusukela ezinyangeni eziyisi-7 - 12
• Ukuzimisela ngobulili: Kowesifazane, i-oviduct iphuma ngesikhathi sokuqomisana
• Ukukhwelana kwenzeka ngokutholakala kokudla okwanele nezimfanzi zamanzi ahlanzekile
• I-Spawn: amaqanda angaba ngu-300, lapho izibungu zichamusela khona ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-2.5 bese zenza amaqoqo endaweni yokuzalela zize zikwazi ukubhukuda ngokukhululeka ngemva kwezinye izinsuku ezi-4.
• Bobabili abazali banakekela izingane; Isici esikhethekile: ukudla kwezibungu, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kumangqamuzana esikhumba angaphezulu kubazali (kufika kumaviki angu-4)
• isilinganiso seminyaka yokuphila: cishe iminyaka emi-5

I-subspecies eyaziwa kakhulu

Imibono ihluke kakhulu ngezinhlobo ezingaphansi. Ngokujwayelekile 3 kuya ku-5 kuphela ama-discus subspecies achazwa ngokwesayensi. Empeleni:

• I-Symphsysodon discus (futhi i-discus yangempela) enemigqa ejikajikayo nebhande elibanzi, elimnyama eliqondile engxenyeni engemuva yomzimba nasesweni
• I-Symphsysodon aequifasciatus enenani eliphakeme lezikali kanye nemigqa yobude engu-7 kuye kwengu-9 ehlukaniswe ngokulinganayo, lena yokugcina phezu kwe-caudal fin.
• I-Symphsysodon tarzoo ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka namachashaza abomvu emaceleni omzimba kanye nasephikweni lendunu
• Symphsysodon haraldi and Symphsysodon sp. 2 zidonsa ukunakwa okuncane futhi azichazwa kahle kuphela.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zinhlobo zasendle, kukhona ukuhlukahluka okuningi ekuzaleni kwama-aquarists. Lapha, njengomthetho, kuphela umbala kanye namafomu wephethini ahlukaniswa. Kodwa-ke, amagama okungenani ahlukene, futhi akhumbuza kakhulu amasu okuthengisa kunesayensi yangempela.

I-Pidgeon Snakes, i-German Wonders, i-Blue Diamonds kanye ne-White Leopards basekilasini labo. Nakuba zonke ziyizinhlanzi ze-discus, inani lemakethe libonakala lihlobene ngokuqondile nombala nephethini.

Kuya ngokuthi abathengi banayiphi inketho, amafomu atshaliwe aphumela kumqondo obanzi. Ngakho-ke inhlanzi ye-discus iwumkhuba kunesimangaliso esingaphansi kwamanzi.

Izinhlanzi ze-Discus ku-aquarium

Kude ne-Amazon, kunezidingo eziphakeme ze-aquaristics ukuze kugcinwe izinhlanzi ze-discus njengezinhlobo ezifanele ngangokunokwenzeka. Akukhathalekile ukuthi zibukeka njenge-labyrinth enephethini ebomvu noma i-turquoise exotics: impilo yabo intekenteke kakhulu futhi incike ezintweni eziningi. Lezi zisekelwe endaweni ezungezile futhi kufanele zilawulwe ngokuqinile futhi zilawulwe. Kungale ndlela kuphela lapho i-aquarium enezinhlanzi ze-discus ingachuma futhi ihehe bonke ababukele.

I-aquarium elungile yezinhlanzi ze-discus

Njengoba izilwane zihlala ngamaqembu, okuthiwa yizikole, kufanele futhi zigcinwe emanzini okungenani ama-4 kuya kwangu-5. Ngokunjalo, isikhala esingaba ngamalitha angama-300 (okungaba ngamalitha angama-50 – 60 inhlanzi ngayinye) siyadingeka. Ngenxa yalokho, ubukhulu bethangi, ikhabethe lesisekelo se-aquarium kanye nemishini akunakwa. Ingasaphathwa isisindo - ngakho-ke kubalulekile ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuhlola statics ngaphambi kokufaka isimbali discus endlini!

Manje abesifazane baveza kuphela ubulili babo ngesikhathi sokuqomisana ngakho-ke abakwazi ukuhlukaniswa kwabesilisa ngesikhathi esifanele. Ngakho-ke abantu abasha kumele bahlale benakwa. Ukugcinwa ngababili bobulili obufanayo akunangqondo futhi akwenzeki kulolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi, ukuzigcina zodwa kuwukungahambeki ngokuphelele futhi imizamo yokuxhumana nabantu ngokuvamile iyehluleka ukwenza okunye lokhu.
Konke lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe lapho ukhetha i-aquarium efanele. Kungcono ukunikeza isikhala esithe xaxa kunokubeka engcupheni izimpi ze-turf nenzalo echibini.

Uma kungenjalo izinhlanzi ze-discus zibhekwa njengababhukudi abanokuthula, abazolile futhi abama mpo. Ngamanye amazwi, badinga okungenani ukujula okungama-50 cm, okungcono kakhulu.

Ngokuqondene namanye ama-aquariums, indawo evikelekile kuphela efanelekile njengendawo, hhayi eduze ngqo ne-heater, hhayi elangeni eliqondile noma echayeke emvula, futhi uma kungenzeka ngaphandle kokundindizela okuzwakalayo komhlaba. Uma konke lokhu sekulungile, i-aquarium ingasethwa futhi imiswe.

Imishini kanye nomklamo

Yiqiniso, ichibi elikhulu kangaka lidinga ukuklanywa nokunakekelwa ngendlela efanele. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, i-discus ihlangana kokubili ezikoleni futhi ngababili, ibhukuda ibheke phezulu kunokuba ibheke phansi ibheke ukudla, ngokuvamile igxile endaweni evikelekile lapho ingathola khona isiphephelo ngokushesha futhi icashe ezingozini ezicatshangelwayo.

Ngamanye amazwi, umculo udlala phakathi nendawo ye-aquarium. Ngenxa yalokho, imishini isekelwe kakhulu entweni ephakathi. Lokhu kungaba ukwakhiwa okwenziwe ngamatshe e-aquarium ahlinzeka ngemigede eminingana, udonga lwe-aquarium olwakhiwe ngaphambili, noma izakhi ezikhethekile zokuklama ezifana nomkhumbi wama-pirate we-replica, isigodlo esingaphansi kwamanzi noma noma yini oyithandayo futhi engenakho ukungcola.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ithangi kufanele linikeze isikhala sokwakhiwa kwendawo. Uma kushisa kakhulu phakathi ngokushesha nje lapho amahomoni evutha, kufanele kube nezinketho ezanele zokuhlehla ezitholakala emaphethelweni. Lokhu kungaba ngesimo sezitshalo zasemanzini, izimpande noma izinto zemvelo ezifanele izinhlobo.

Lapho utshala, ukunakekelwa kufanele kukhokhwe ezinhlotsheni ezikhethekile zezitshalo ezibekezelela kahle isimo sezulu esingaphansi kwamanzi esishisayo futhi, uma kungenzeka, zingaboli noma zikhiphe izinto eziyingozi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi, isibonelo, izitshalo zenkemba (i-Echinodorus), amaqabunga omkhonto (Anubias), izikulufu zamanzi (Vallisneria), izinkomishi zamanzi (Cryptocorynes) kanye nama-fern afana ne-Mircosorum. Ukutshala okuminyene kuvimbela izinhlanzi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kuhle ukukhululeka (kutshalwe). Izitshalo ezimbalwa ezintantayo nezimpande ezishona phansi zingasiza futhi ekudambiseni ukukhanya, njengoba bekungenza e-Amazon.

Isihlabathi somfula esihle sinconywa njengephansi, esivame ukutholakala njengesihlabathi esikhethekile se-aquarium. Kufanele ihlanzwe kahle ngokwanele ukuze izinhlanzi zikwazi ukudla kuyo, kodwa iqine ngokwanele ukuze izitshalo zikwazi ukumila.

Izitshalo zokwenziwa nazo ziyindlela evamile yokukhetha izinhlanzi ze-discus. Lokhu akuphakamisi umbuzo wekhwalithi yomhlabathi noma ukuhambisana. Nakuba izinhlanzi zingadli izingxenye zezitshalo eziphilayo futhi zingazidingi ukudla okunomsoco, ngezitshalo zokwenziwa isihlungi semvelo esibalulekile asifakiwe. Lokhu kunganxeshezelwa ngobuchwepheshe bokuhlunga futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo izitshalo zokwenziwa zinikeza umthunzi namathuba okuhlehla njengasekuqaleni. Nokho, ekugcineni, ngokuyinhloko izintandokazi zomuntu ngamunye zabanikazi ezidlala indima - abanye bathanda ngale ndlela, abanye ngaleyo ndlela.

Izinga lamanzi, izinga lokushisa nokukhanya

Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo yezinhlanzi ze-discus ingacishe ichazwe njengenobutha nempilo, noma okungenani njengengenabungane empilweni. Cishe awekho amabhaktheriya namagciwane asakazeka endaweni ene-asidi. Eqinisweni, inhlanzi ye-discus ayinandaba kangako nenani le-pH ene-acidic kunekhwalithi yamanzi ephezulu namsulwa. Ukuzivikela kwakhe kuphakathi nendawo, kunalokho kubuthakathaka.

Ngakho-ke izihlungi ezinhle ngokufanelekile kufanele ziqinisekise ikhwalithi yamanzi efanelekile. Uma kungenjalo, emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-29 °C, amagciwane angasakazeka ngokushesha. Izihlungi ze-aquarium ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zihlala zihlanganisa izinto ezihlukene zokuhlunga nokucutshungulwa kwezinto eziphilayo ngama-microorganisms, wona ahlala endaweni yokuhlunga bese esuka lapho eguqula ubuthi, abola i-nitrite ne-ammonia futhi amunce futhi aphule izinsalela zezinhlanzi.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amanzi kufanele athambe ngokukhethekile, angabi nobulukhuni obungenakulinganiswa. I-pH ekahle ingu-4 kuya ku-5. Uma amanzi ahlanzekile engezwa echibini njengengxenye yoshintsho lwamanzi oludingekayo njalo, lokhu kungase kube ubuningi obungu-2 degrees abandayo, obungafudumali. Ngasikhathi sinye, amanani angagcwaliswa ngokungeza i-peat, izigaxa ze-alder, amaqabunga e-beech noma amalungiselelo oketshezi akhethekile.

Ukuze izitshalo nezinhlanzi zikhule ngendlela efanele izinhlobo zazo, isikhathi sokukhanyisa samahora angu-12 phakathi nosuku siyafaneleka. Nokho, i-discus fish iyakuzwela lapho kukhanya. Ngaphezu kwezitshalo ezintantayo esezibaluliwe zokudambisa, kwesinye isikhathi nezimpande, kunconywa amashubhu e-fluorescent alungiswe kahle. Uma usafuna ukuletha imibala emihle yezinhlanzi ngenzuzo yabo engcono kakhulu, ungasebenzisa futhi izibani ngengxenye ebomvu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izibali sikhathi, izifudumezi zenduku, izihlungi zangaphandle nezingaphansi, amashubhu emini kanye nezithasiselo kuyatholakala kuma-discus aquariums, aklanyelwe izidingo zezinhlanzi zasemanzini ashisayo ashisayo kanye nomthamo wamathangi amakhulu.

Yondla izinhlanzi ze-discus ngendlela efanele

Uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlanzi zokuhlobisa, i-discus inomgudu wokugaya omfishane. Ngakho-ke kufanele idliwe izikhathi eziningana ngosuku, kube nezingxenye ezincane ezanele. Ukudla okuqandisiwe, ukudla okuphilayo, ama-vitamin flakes kanye/noma ama-granules "aphakelwa" izikhathi ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3 ngosuku futhi ahlukahlukene. Izinhlanzi ezisencane zidinga isigqi sezidlo ezi-5 ngosuku, kancane kancane zishintsha zibe 3 noma 2.

Uma kukhulunywa ngokuphakelayo uqobo, ukwakheka kwekhwalithi ephezulu kubalulekile. Konke okungagayiwe kuphelela emanzini futhi kunikeze amagciwane, aziwa ngokuthi awabi ku-discus. Ngakho-ke amanye ama-aquarists afunga ngokudla kwe-discus etholakalayo uma ephakela i-discus. Lapha, imboni yamukele ngokukhethekile izinhlobo zezinhlanzi futhi yakha ukwakheka okuthile, isidingo sezinhlanzi zokuhlobisa siphezulu kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abanye abagcini bathembele kakhulu ekudleni okuphilayo. Kulokhu, noma kunjalo, ukudla kufanele kufakwe izinto zezitshalo ezibolayo, ezakha ingxenye engacabangeki yokudla kwemvelo. Lokhu kungaba amaqabunga afile, njenge-beech, i-oki, i-alder, i-birch, izihlahla ze-almond zasolwandle kanye nezitshalo ezifanayo. Izitshalo zesibili nazo zisekela ukuvimbela izifo.

Usuku noma ezimbili ngaphandle kokudla akulimazi nenhlanzi ye-discus enempilo. Ngokuphambene nalokho: izinsuku zokuzila ngezikhathi ezithile zihlanza umgudu wokugaya ukudla futhi zivikele ikhwalithi yamanzi. Izinyathelo ezinjalo kufanele zisekelwe ekuhlangenwe nakho okwanele kanye nokuthula kwengqondo ukuthi zonke izinhlanzi ezisethangini zifanelekile ngokwanele.

Inhlanzi engumngane we-discus

Uma ubheka izimo zokugcina zezinhlanzi ze-discus, ukukhethwa kwezinhlanzi ezihambisanayo kunqunyelwe kakhulu. Amazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nendawo ethambile, ene-asidi iyodwa akuwona wonke umuntu. Futhi, i-companion fish ayithathi indawo ye-conspecifics noma isetshenziswe kabi njengomzamo wokuxhumana nabantu. Amathangi ezinhlobo ezihlanzekile ajwayelekile futhi alungele izinhlanzi ze-discus.

Uma usafuna ukusebenzisa ezinye izilwane, kufanele unake ukuthula kwazo futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ugweme izinhlobo ezakha indawo. Ngokwesibonelo:

• Ukuncela i-catfish kanye ne-armored catfish
• ama-tetra amancane: i-neon tetras, i-hatchet, i-lemon tetras, phakathi kwabanye
• ama-cichlids amancane nama-butterfly cichlids
• ama-barbel ahlukahlukene, iminenke, nezimfanzi, isibonelo abadla ulwelwe, iminenke ebomvu, ama-fan shrimps

Abanye balaba abahlala nabo banikela ngenkuthalo ekuhlungeni futhi ngaleyo ndlela nasekuthuthukiseni izinga lamanzi. Futhi ngisho noma izimfanzi zasemanzini ahlanzekile zikumenyu yezinhlanzi ze-discus, amaprawn enkosi ayasinda. Ngakho-ke, lezi zinhlobo ezishiwo zibhekwa njengezihambisana ngokugcwele ne-discus, nakuba kungenjalo njenge-adjunct edingekayo.

Noma ubani othanda i-discus yohlobo lwezinhlanzi uzoba namehlo kuphela obuhle obuhamba kancane bombala, amaphethini athakazelisayo, nomsebenzi wokuvumelana wezilwane.