UMary Allen
Idiphu liqanjwe kanjalo ngoba lifana nenyoni emnyama futhi lihlala eduze namanzi. Iyona kuphela inyoni eculayo ekwazi ukubhukuda nokutshuza.
Izici
Libukeka kanjani idiphu?
I-Dipper insundu ngokumnyama kanye nebhayi elikhulu elimhlophe. Amaphiko ayo mafushane futhi ayindilinga, futhi ngokuvamile ibamba umsila wayo phezulu njenge-wren. Cishe u-18 cm ubude futhi unemilenze eqinile, emide. Ama-dipper amancane anombala onsundu ngokumpunga.
Abuye abe nomhlane omnyama kanye nesisu esilula. Lapho sebebadala kuphela lapho begqoka khona ibele elimhlophe qwa kanye nebhayi lomphimbo. Ngendlela: Abesilisa nabesifazane babukeka ngokufanayo.
Ihlala kuphi idiphu?
I-dipper itholakala eYurophu, eNyakatho Afrika, naseMpumalanga Eseduze. Ama-Dippers athanda imifula nemifudlana egeleza ngokushesha enamanzi abandayo, acwebile namatshe namatshe phansi. Izihlahla nezihlahlana eziphansi kufanele zikhule ogwini ukuze zikwazi ukuthola izindawo zokucasha nezindawo zezidleke zazo. Amanzi anjalo ngokuvamile atholakala lapho kunezintaba namagquma. Idiphu alinandaba namakhaza: lihlala nathi ngisho nasebusika. Futhi ezintabeni, ungawathola aze afike ku-2000 m altitude!
Yiziphi izinhlobo zamanabukeni akhona?
EYurophu kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-dipper; nokho, zihluka kancane nje komunye nomunye. Ama-Dippers enyakatho yeYurophu (Cinclus Cinclus cinclus) anesisu esinsundu ngokumnyama, i-Central European (Cinclus Cinclus aquaticus) kanti lawo asuka eBritish Isles (Cinclus Cinclus hibernicus) anesisu esinsundu ngokubomvu. Idiphu elinsundu (Cinlus pallasii) lihlala enkabeni nasempumalanga ye-Asia, idiphu elimpunga (Cinlus mexicanus) entshonalanga yeNyakatho neMelika Ephakathi, kanye nediphu elinekhanda elimhlophe (Cinlus leucocephalus) eNingizimu Melika.
Wonke ama-dippers ayingxenye yomndeni we-dipper. Lokhu kungase kuzwakale kunengqondo, kodwa akuzibonakalisi: izinyoni ezimnyama esizazi ezivandeni zethu zingama-thrushes! Ngakho-ke, naphezu kwegama elifanayo, ama-blackbirds nama-dippers awahlobene.
Abadiphu baba neminyaka emingaki?
I-Dippers ingaphila iminyaka eyishumi.
Behave
I-dipper iphila kanjani?
Ama-Dippers ayathakazelisa ukuwabuka. Zindizela eduze kwamanzi, zihlala phansi phezu kwetshe futhi njalo zenza umnyakazo ofanayo: ziphakamisa imisila yazo, zigobe imilenze yazo futhi zinyakazise imizimba yazo phezulu naphansi. Bese beziphonsela emanzini ukuze badle. Ama-Dippers angabazingeli abaphelele bangaphansi kwamanzi. Nakuba zingenamaphiko ezinyaweni zazo, zigwedla ngamaphiko azo amafushane futhi ngaleyo ndlela zikwazi ukubhukuda ngaphansi kwamanzi ngobunyoninco.
Ukuze bagweme ukukhukhulwa umsinga, basebenzisa iqhinga: bama engeli ukuze uphushe umzimba wabo kancane ngaphansi kwamanzi. Bese bekwazi nokuhamba ngaphansi kwamanzi ngemilenze yabo eqinile. Ukutshuza okude kakhulu kuhlala imizuzwana engama-30, kodwa kuvame ukubuya phezulu nezisulu zabo ngemva kwemizuzwana embalwa. Ebusika, zitshuza ngisho nasezimbotsheni zeqhwa.
Ama-dipper ajwayele ukuphila emanzini: Ukuze agcine izimpaphe zawo eziminyene zingamanzi, agcoba izimpaphe zawo - okufana namadada - ngoketshezi olunamafutha oluvela ku-preen gland. Bangakwazi futhi ukuvala amakhala nezindlebe lapho betshuza. Amehlo azo awagobile, kodwa ayisicaba njengezibuko zokutshuza, ngakho angabona kahle kokubili phezulu nangaphansi kwamanzi. Ama-Dippers ngokuvamile ahlala yedwa. Kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzala lapho zithanda inkampani bese behlala nomlingani wabo.
Abangane nezitha zediphu?
Ama-dipper amancane ikakhulukazi anezitha: amakati, amagundane, ama-weasel, ngisho nama-jay angaba yingozi kuwo.
Akhiqiza kanjani amadiphu?
Idiphu leduna liqala ukwakha isidleke ngoFebhuwari. Yakha isidleke esiyindilinga onqenqemeni losebe ngaphansi kwezimpande, iziqu zezihlahla, noma emigodini esezindongeni nangaphansi kwamabhuloho. Uma ithola umaqondana, uzoyisiza ekwakheni. Isidleke simbozwe ubulembu ngaphandle futhi simbozwe kahle ngamahlamvu ngaphakathi. Inomnyango omncane ohlangothini.
Ukuze izitha zingangeni, ilele ngaphezu kwamanzi nje emhumeni omncane noma ekhoneni elimnyama, elicashile. Ngezinye izikhathi ama-Dippers abheka indawo ephephile ikakhulukazi yesidleke sawo: ayakha odongeni ngemuva kwempophoma. Khona-ke zingakwazi ukufinyelela esidlekeni sazo kuphela ngokutshuza emanzini ashisayo - kodwa amaphuphu aphephile.
Phakathi kukaMarch noJune, insikazi ifukamela amaqanda amane kuya kwayisithupha. Lamancane achanyuselwa emva kwezinsuku eziyi-16 futhi abaleke emva kwezinsuku eziyi-19 kuya kwezingama-25. Ama-dipper amancane afunda ngokushesha: ngokushesha nje lapho endiza, angakwazi futhi ukutshuza futhi abhukude. Ama-Dippers aze akhulise ama-broods amabili ngonyaka ezindaweni ezifudumele.
Ama-dippers axhumana kanjani?
Ama-Dippers ancibilika futhi ashaye ikhwela ngokushintshana futhi enze imisindo eklwebhayo. Lapho zindiza phezu kwamanzi, zibiza kakhulu “ztiittz” noma “zit” kakhulu.
Care
Adlani amadiphu?
Ngaphansi kwamanzi, ama-dippers azingela ikakhulukazi izinambuzane zasemanzini, izibungu nama-amphipods. Azidli izilwane ezinkulu, kodwa ngezikhathi ezithile zibamba izinhlanzi ezincane.