Ukwehluleka Kwezinso Okungapheli (CKD) Emakatini

Uma izinso zekati zihluleka kancane, kubizwa ngokuthi ukwehluleka kwezinso okungapheli. Nakuba lingekho ikhambi lalesi sifo, amakati ngokuvamile angaphila isikhathi eside futhi ajabule ngokwelashwa kusenesikhathi. Thola konke mayelana nezimpawu, ukuxilongwa, kanye nokwelashwa kokwehluleka kwezinso okungamahlalakhona emakatini lapha.

Isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona (Chronic kidney disease (CKD)) yisifo lapho izinso ziyeka kancane kancane ukusebenza. Lesi sifo sisekelwe ekuvuvukeni okungapheli, imbangela yalokho okungakacaci. Ngokuhamba kwe-nephritis engapheli, izicubu zezinso ezisebenza kakhulu ziyalahleka futhi zithathelwe indawo yizicubu ezixhumene.

I-CKD ayivamile kumakati amancane. Lapho ikati likhula, ayanda amathuba okuba ne-CKD. Eminyakeni engaphezu kweshumi, phakathi kuka-30 no-40% wamakati asevele ethintekile. Abesilisa besilisa batholakala ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ngokwesilinganiso, eminyakeni eyi-12 kunabesifazane abaneminyaka eyi-15. Nokho, izilwane ngokuvamile zihlala isikhathi eside zingaqapheli ukugula kwazo, ngezinye izikhathi izinyanga noma iminyaka.

Imiphumela ye-CKD Emakatini

Umsebenzi oyinhloko wezinso ukuhlunga izinto ezinobuthi emzimbeni. Lobu buthi bube sebudluliselwa emchameni, bushiya amaprotheni anempilo emzimbeni. Uma izinso zingasasebenzi kahle, umzimba wonke uyahlupheka. Izinto ezinobuthi okufanele empeleni zikhishwe ngomchamo azikwazi ukuhlungwa futhi zihlale emzimbeni. Nakuba i-urea ngokwayo ingenabo ubuthi, ingashintsha ibe ubuthi obuyingozi i-ammonia, obuhlasela ubuchopho.

Izimpawu Zokuhluleka kwezinso

Njengezinye izifo, njenge-pancreatitis, amakati akhombisa kuphela ubuhlungu bawo sekwephuzile kakhulu futhi awabubonisi isikhathi eside. Kuphela uma izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zezinso sezicekeleke phansi lapho ikati libonisa khona izimpawu zokuhluleka kwezinso. Ezigabeni zokuqala, amakati aphuza kakhulu futhi akhiqize umchamo omningi ngokufanele. Emakati asendlini, lokhu kubonakala lapho uhlanza ibhokisi likadoti. Ezinye izimpawu zingase zivele kamuva ezimweni ezingazodwana. Lokhu kuhlanganisa:

• ukukhathala
• ukulahlekelwa ukudla
• i-anemia
• ebuhlanzweni
• isifo sohudo
• kwamanzi emzimbeni
• umoya omubi

Ezigabeni zokugcina zokuhluleka kwezinso, amakati awasakwazi ukukhiqiza umchamo futhi aya ngokuya ebonisa izimpawu zobuthi, njengamajaqamba, ngoba izinso ziyahluleka njengezitho zokuqeda ubuthi. Nakhu ukubuka konke kwazo zonke izigaba zokungasebenzi kahle kwezinso emakati:

Isigaba I: Ukuntuleka Kwezinso Okuqalayo

• I-Creatinine ebangeni elijwayelekile, isilinganiso samaprotheni/i-creatinine sijwayelekile
• azikho izimpawu

Isigaba I: Awukho umthelela empilweni yonke okwamanje.

Isigaba II: Ukwehluleka Kwangaphambi Kwezinso

• I-Creatinine yenyuke kancane, isilinganiso samaprotheni/i-creatinine endaweni yomngcele
• amakati ambalwa kuphela asevele abonisa izimpawu zokuqala ezifana nokwanda kokuphuza

Isigaba II: Isilinganiso seminyaka yokuphila ngaphandle kokwelashwa cishe iminyaka emi-3.

Isigaba III: Ukwehluleka kwezinso ze-Uremic

• I-Creatinine ngaphezu kobubanzi obujwayelekile, isilinganiso samaprotheni/i-creatinine senyuke, kwabhujiswa ama-75% ezinso zezinso
• Izimpawu ezinjengokuphuza ngokweqile kanye nokulahlekelwa ukudla ziyabonakala; Ukwanda kokwenzeka kwezinto zomchamo egazini

Isigaba III: Isilinganiso seminyaka yokuphila ngaphandle kokwelashwa cishe iminyaka emi-2.

Isigaba IV: Ukwehluleka Kwezinga Lokuphela Kwezinso

• Kwenyuke ngokuphawulekayo isilinganiso se-creatinine ne-protein/creatinine
• Ikati alisakwazi ukuchama
• Ikati libonisa izimpawu ezinzima ezifana namajaqamba, ukuhlanza okukhulu, ukwenqaba ukudla, njll.

Isigaba IV: Isilinganiso seminyaka yokuphila ngaphandle kokwelashwa yizinsuku ezingama-35.

Ukutholwa Kwangaphambi Kokungakwazi Kwezinso Emakatini

Lapho lesi sifo sibonakala ngokushesha, kuba ngcono. Manje kunconywa ukuthi amakati aneminyaka engaphezu kweyisikhombisa ahlolwe izinso minyaka yonke. Ikakhulukazi, inani le-SDMA, eliye labonakala iminyaka embalwa kuphela, libonisa isifo sezinso zisencane kakhulu, ukuze ukwelashwa kuqale ngaphambi kokuba ikati libe nezimpawu.

Umfutho wegazi wekati nawo kufanele uhlolwe njalo futhi welashwe uma kunesidingo, njengoba umfutho wegazi ophakeme ulimaza imithambo ezinso. Amaphesenti angaphezu kuka-60 awo wonke amakati anenkinga yezinso anomfutho wegazi ophakeme. Ngaphandle kokulimaza izinso, lokhu kubangela nesifo senhliziyo ekatini.

Kusizindalwazi somkhiqizi wemithi yebhayoloji, iHeel Veterinär, uzothola ukuhlolwa kwezinso kwamahhala okungakusiza ukuthi ubone izimpawu zesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona ekatini lakho usaqala: https://www.vetepedia.de/gesundheitsthemen /katze/niere/nieren -hlola/

Ukuxilongwa Kokwehluleka Kwezinso

Ukuphuza okwenyukayo akukwazi nje ukuthi kube uphawu lokuhluleka kwezinso, kodwa futhi nezinye izifo eziningi. Isifo sikashukela noma ukuphazamiseka kwegilo nakho kungenzeka. Nokho, ukuhlola okuvamile ngokuvamile kunganikeza inkomba yokuqala yokuthi yisiphi isifo esihilelekile. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo elabhorethri bese kunikeza ukuxilongwa okuthembekile. I-CKD yilapho amanani ezinso ze-urea, i-creatinine, ne-SDMA kanye namanani e-phosphorus egazini kanye namanani amaprotheni emchameni (ngokuphawulekayo) aphezulu kakhulu.

Ukwelashwa Kokwehluleka Kwezinso

Ngisho noma isifo sezinso sibonakala kuphela esigabeni sokugcina, okungukuthi lapho ikati libonisa izimpawu futhi okungenani izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zezicubu zalo zezinso sezivele zicekeleke phansi, lokhu ngokuvamile akusona isigwebo sentambo sekati. Nakuba lingekho ikhambi le-CKD, ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kunganciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo futhi kunikeze ikati lakho iminyaka embalwa ejabulisayo ezayo. Ukwelashwa kwenzeka ngezindlela eziningi:

• Ukunciphisa amazinga e-phosphorus egazini: ngokudla okuphansi kwe-phosphorus kanye nama-phosphate binders
• Ukwehla kwamazinga amaprotheni emchameni: ngokudla kanye nemithi ye-antihypertensive

Udokotela wezilwane kufanele aguqule kokubili ukwelashwa ngemithi kanye nokudla okudingekayo esimweni sokwehluleka kwezinso okungapheli ekatini kanye nezinga lesifo.

Ukudla Kwamakati ane-CKD

Ukushintsha ukudla kuyinsika eyinhloko yokwelashwa kwe-CKD emakati. Uma ikati lisaqhuba kahle, shintshela ekudleni kwezinso ngokushesha, nakuba ngezinyathelo ezincane. Okokuqala, izimpawu zokulahlekelwa ukudla kanye nesicanucanu ziyakhululeka ngoba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ikati libe nesifiso sokudla lapho lishintsha ukudla. Eminyakeni elandelayo, amanani ezinso zekati anqunywa njalo futhi ukwelashwa kushintshwa ukuze kuhambisane nenkambo yesifo. Ikati eline-CKD lingaphila ngokujabula iminyaka eminingana eyengeziwe.