Ingabe Amasele AseMelika Angakwazi Ukushintsha Umbala Wesikhumba?

Amaxoxo aseMelika (Anaxyrus americanus) ayizidalwa ezithakazelisayo ezinekhono lokushintsha umbala wesikhumba sazo. Lesi sici esiyingqayizivele sithathe ukunaka kwabacwaningi kanye nabathandi bemvelo ngokufanayo. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola isenzakalo sokushintsha kombala wesikhumba kumaxoxo aseMelika, izici ezithonya lolu shintsho, kanye nokubaluleka kwalokhu kuzivumelanisa nezimo.

I-Phenomenon Yokushintsha Kombala Wesikhumba

Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba kumaxoxo aseMelika kubhekisela ekhonweni lalezi zilwane ezihlala emanzini nasemanzini ukushintsha umbala wesikhumba sazo. Lolu shintsho lungabonwa phakathi kwamaminithi noma isikhathi eside, kuye ngezici ezihlukahlukene. Umbala wesikhumba wexoxo ungahluka ukusuka kokunsundu ngokukhanyayo ukuya kokunsundu ngokumnyama, futhi ngezinye izikhathi uze ube nombala obomvu.

Ukuqonda i-American Toad

Ixoxo laseMelika liwuhlobo olujwayelekile olutholakala eNyakatho Melika, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisempumalanga. Ngokuvamile ziyizilwane ezihlala emanzini amancane ukuya kosayizi omaphakathi, ezifinyelela ubude obungamayintshi angu-2 ukuya kwangu-4. Imizimba yazo imbozwe isikhumba esimahhadlahhadla, esinamaqhuqhuva, esihlinzeka ngokufihlakala okuhle kakhulu ezindaweni zazo zemvelo.

Izici Ezithonya Umbala Wesikhumba

Kunezici eziningana ezithonya umbala wesikhumba samaxoxo aseMelika. Lezi zici zihlanganisa ukuzivumelanisa nokuzifihla, izinga lokushisa, amahomoni, ukuzala, ufuzo, nezimo zemvelo. Ngayinye yalezi zici idlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni umbala wesikhumba wexoxo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Ukuzijwayeza kanye nokuzifihla

Amandla okushintsha umbala wesikhumba kuwukujwayela okuvumela amaxoxo aseMelika ukuthi ahlangane nendawo ebazungezile. Lokhu kufihla kuzisiza ukuthi zigweme izilwane ezizingelayo futhi kuthuthukisa namathuba azo okusinda. Ngokulungisa umbala wesikhumba sazo ukuze uhambisane nendawo ezikuyo, la maxoxo acishe angabonakali ezinsongweni ezingase zibe khona.

Ukushintshashintsha Kwezinga Lokushisa Nombala Wesikhumba

Izinga lokushisa liphinde libe neqhaza elibalulekile ekuhlukeni kombala wesikhumba samaxoxo aseMelika. Uma evezwe emazingeni okushisa afudumele, amasele avame ukuba nombala wesikhumba omnyama. Ngokuphambene, emazingeni okushisa apholile, isikhumba sabo siba lula. Lokhu kuhlukahluka okuncike kumazinga okushisa kucatshangwa ukuthi kuyindlela yokuphila yokulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wexoxo.

Iqhaza Lama-Hormone Ekushintsheni Kombala

Amahomoni angesinye isici esiyinhloko ekushintsheni kombala wesikhumba samaxoxo aseMelika. Abacwaningi bathole ukuthi i-hormone melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) inomthwalo wemfanelo wokulawula umbala wombala kula maxoxo. Lapho i-MSH ikhishwa, ishukumisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin, i-pigment enikeza umbala esikhumbeni.

Ukukhiqiza kabusha kanye Nombala Wesikhumba

Phakathi nenkathi yokuzalanisa, amaxoxo angamaduna aseMelika ashintsha umbala wesikhumba ngokuphawulekayo. Bakha umphimbo omnyama, owaziwa ngokuthi "i-nuptial pad," esetshenziselwa ukuheha abesifazane. Lolu shintsho lwesikhashana embala wesikhumba luyinkomba ebonakalayo kwabangase bashade, okubonisa ukulungela ukukhiqiza kabusha.

Iqhaza Lezofuzo

I-Genetics nayo idlala indima ekunqumeni umbala wesikhumba samaxoxo aseMelika. Ukwehluka kwezakhi zofuzo ezithile kungase kubangele amaphethini ahlukene ombala. Lo mehluko wezakhi zofuzo unomthelela ekwehlukeni kombala wesikhumba obonwa kubantu baseselesele baseMelika.

Izici Zemvelo kanye Nombala Wesikhumba

Izici zemvelo, njengokuqina kokukhanya nezici zendawo yokuhlala, zingathonya umbala wesikhumba samaxoxo aseMelika. Isibonelo, amaxoxo ahlala ezindaweni eziminyene angase abe nombala wesikhumba okhanyayo ukuze ahlangane nendawo ezungezile, kuyilapho lawo asezindaweni ezivulekile kakhulu angase abe nesikhumba esimnyama ukuze afihleke kangcono.

Ucwaningo nge-American Toads

Ososayensi benze ucwaningo olunzulu ngamaxoxo aseMelika ukuze baqonde izindlela ezishintsha umbala wesikhumba sabo. Lezi zifundo zinikeze ukuqonda okubalulekile kuzakhi zofuzo, amahomoni, kanye nezici zemvelo ezinomthelela kulokhu kujwayela okuthakazelisayo. Ukuqonda lezi zindlela kungasiza abacwaningi ukuba bathole ukuqonda okujulile kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ezinekhono elifanayo lokushintsha imibala.

Isiphetho: Ixoxo Elishintsha Umbala Wesikhumba

Sengiphetha, amaxoxo aseMelika anekhono elimangalisayo lokushintsha umbala wesikhumba sawo. Lokhu kuzivumelanisa nezimo kuzivumela ukuthi zihlangane nendawo ezizungezile, zilawule izinga lokushisa lomzimba wazo, futhi zibonise ukulungela ukuzala. Izinto ezinjengokuzivumelanisa nezimo, izinga lokushisa, amahomoni, ukuzala, ufuzo, nezimo zemvelo konke kuthonya umbala wesikhumba lala maxoxo. Ngocwaningo oluqhubekayo, ososayensi bayaqhubeka nokuveza izindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi ngemuva kwalesi simo esihehayo kumaxoxo aseMelika.