I-Beaver

Ama-Beaver angabakhi bangempela bendawo: akha izinqaba namadamu, imifudlana yamadamu, futhi agawula izihlahla. Lokhu kudala indawo entsha yokuhlala yezitshalo nezilwane.

Izici

Abukeka kanjani ama-beaver?

Ama-Beaver angamagundane esibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Ama-capybara aseNingizimu Melika kuphela aba makhulu. Umzimba wabo uhlakazekile futhi u-squat futhi ukhula ufinyelele kumasentimitha ayi-100 ubude. Isici esijwayelekile se-beaver ukuthi isicaba, kufika kumasentimitha angu-16 ububanzi, umsila ongenaboya, ongamasentimitha angu-28 kuya kwangu-38 ubude. I-beaver endala inesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-35. Ezisikazi zivame ukuba zikhudlwana kunezabesilisa.

Uboya obuminyene be-beaver buhlaba umxhwele ngokukhethekile: ohlangothini lwesisu, kunezinwele ezingu-23,000 ngesentimitha yesikwele sesikhumba, ngemuva, kunezinwele ezingaba ngu-12,000 ngesentimitha yesikwele. Ngokuphambene, izinwele ezingu-300 kuphela ngesentimitha-skwele ezikhula ekhanda lomuntu. Lobuboya obunsundu obuminyene kakhulu bugcina ama- beaver efudumele futhi omile amahora amaningi, ngisho nasemanzini. Ngenxa yoboya bawo obuyigugu, ama- beaver ayezingelwa ngokungenasihawu aze aqothulwe.

Ama-Beaver ajwayelene kahle nokuphila emanzini: kuyilapho izinyawo zangaphambili zikwazi ukubamba njengezandla, izinzwane zezinyawo zangemuva zinolwembu. Uzwane lwesibili lwezinyawo zangasemuva lunezipho ezimbili, okuthiwa yi-claw yokuhlanza, esetshenziswa njengekama ekunakekelweni koboya. Ikhala nezindlebe zingavaleka lapho ushayela, futhi amehlo avikelwa ngaphansi kwamanzi ijwabu leso elikhanyayo elibizwa ngokuthi i-nictitation membrane.

Ama-incisors e-beaver nawo ayamangalisa: Anoqweqwe loqweqwe loqweqwe olusawolintshi (lokhu into eyenza amazinyo aqine), afinyelela kumasentimitha angu-3.5 ubude, futhi ayaqhubeka nokukhula kukho konke ukuphila kwawo.

Ahlala kuphi ama- beaver?

I-beaver yaseYurophu idabuka eFrance, eNgilandi, eJalimane, eScandinavia, eMpumalanga Yurophu, naseRussia enyakatho yeMongolia. Kwezinye izifunda lapho ama- beaver aqothulwa khona, manje asebuyiselwe ngempumelelo, ngokwesibonelo kwezinye izindawo eBavaria nase-Elbe.

Ama-Beaver adinga amanzi: Ahlala emanzini ageleza kancane namile okungenani angamamitha angu-1.5 ukushona. Zithanda ikakhulukazi imifudlana namachibi azungezwe amahlathi asezindaweni eziphansi lapho kukhula khona iminyezane, ubhabhulini, i-aspen, i-birch ne-alder. Kubalulekile ukuthi amanzi angomi futhi angashisi phansi ebusika.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zama-beaver ezikhona?

Ngaphezu kwe-beaver yethu yaseYurophu (i-Castor fiber), kukhona ne-beaver yaseCanada (Castor canadensis) eNyakatho Melika. Nokho, namuhla siyazi ukuthi zombili ziwuhlobo olulodwa futhi azihlukani nhlobo. Nokho, i-beaver yaseCanada inkulu kancane kuneyaseYurophu, futhi uboya bayo bubomvu ngokunsundu ngombala.

Ama-beaver athola iminyaka emingaki?

Endle, ama- beaver aphila iminyaka engaba ngu-20, lapho evalelwe, angaphila iminyaka engu-35.

Behave

Aphila kanjani ama- beaver?

Ama-Beaver ahlala ehlala emanzini naseduze namanzi. Ziyaluza emhlabeni, kodwa emanzini, zingababhukudi nabatshuzi. Bangakwazi ukuhlala ngaphansi kwamanzi kuze kube yimizuzu eyi-15. Ama-Beaver ahlala endaweni efanayo iminyaka eminingi. Bamaka imingcele yendawo ngemfihlo ethile yamafutha, i-castoreum. Ama-Beaver yizilwane zomndeni: ahlala nomngane wawo womshado kanye nezingane zonyaka odlule kanye nabancane balo nyaka. Indawo yokuhlala eyinhloko yomndeni wama-beaver yisakhiwo:

Iqukethe umhume wokuhlala ngasemanzini, umnyango ongaphansi kwamanzi. Ngaphakathi kufakwe izinto ezithambile zezitshalo. Uma usebe lomfula lungaphakeme ngokwanele futhi ungqimba lomhlaba ngaphezu komhume wokuhlala luncane kakhulu, banqwabelanisa amahlumela namagatsha, benze igquma, okuthiwa yi-beaver lodge.

I-beaver lodge ingaba ngamamitha ayishumi ububanzi namamitha amabili ukuphakama. Leli bhilidi lifakwe i-insulation ngendlela yokuthi noma kusebusika akubandi ngaphakathi. Nokho, umkhaya wama-beaver ngokuvamile uba nemigodi emincane eminingana eduze komgodi omkhulu, lapho, ngokwesibonelo, iduna nentsha yangonyaka odlule ziphuma khona ngokushesha lapho abantwana abasha be-beaver bezalwa.

Ama-nocturnal beaver angabakhi abahlakaniphile: uma ukujula kwamanzi echibini noma umfula wabo kwehla ngaphansi kwamasentimitha angu-50, aqala ukwakha amadamu ukuze aphinde achithe amanzi ukuze umnyango wenqaba yawo uphinde ucwiliswe futhi uvikeleke ezitheni. Odongeni lwenhlabathi namatshe, akha amadamu anemininingwane futhi azinze kakhulu anamagatsha neziqu zezihlahla.

Zingawisa iziqu zezihlahla ezinobubanzi obungafika kumitha elilodwa. Ngobusuku obubodwa bakha isiqu esinobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-40. Amadamu avamise ukuba phakathi kwamamitha amahlanu kuya kwangama-30 ubude futhi afike ku-1.5 metres ukuphakama. Kodwa kuthiwa bekunamadamu ama-beaver abengamamitha angama-200 ubude.

Ngezinye izikhathi izizukulwane eziningi zomndeni wama-beaver zakha amadamu endaweni yazo phakathi neminyaka ethile; bayawagcina futhi awandise. Ebusika, ama- beaver avame ukubhoboza imbobo edamini. Lokhu kudonsa amanzi futhi kwakha ungqimba lomoya ngaphansi kweqhwa. Lokhu kwenza ama- beaver akwazi ukubhukuda emanzini ngaphansi kweqhwa.

Ngemisebenzi yawo yokwakha, ama- beaver aqinisekisa ukuthi izinga lamanzi endaweni yawo alishintshile ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izikhukhula namaxhaphozi kwakhiwa, lapho izitshalo nezilwane eziningi ezingavamile zithola indawo yokuhlala. Lapho ama- beaver eshiya indawo yawo, amanzi ayacwila, umhlaba uba nokoma futhi izitshalo nezilwane eziningi ziyanyamalala futhi.