UMary Allen
Ngamadlebe awo amakhulu, izimpungushe ezinamandlebe amalulwane zibukeka ziyinqaba: zifana nesiphambano phakathi kwenja nempungushe enamadlebe amakhulu kakhulu.
Izici
Zibukeka kanjani izimpungushe ezinamadlebe?
Izimpungushe ezinamadlebe elulwane zingabomndeni wezinja ngakho-ke ziyizilwane ezidla ezinye. Ziyizinhlobo zakudala kakhulu futhi zihlobene kakhulu nempungushe kunempisi. Ukuma kwakhe kufana nengxube yenja nempungushe. Zilinganisa amasentimitha angu-46 kuya ku-66 ukusuka ekhaleni kuya phansi futhi ziphakeme ngamasentimitha angu-35 kuya kwangu-40. Umsila onamahlaza ungamasentimitha angama-30 kuya ku-35 ubude.
Izilwane zinesisindo esingamakhilogremu amathathu kuya kwayisihlanu, ezinsikazi zivame ukuba zikhudlwana kancane. Uboya bezilwane bubonakala buphuzi ngokuphuzi ukuya kompunga, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ziba nomugqa omnyama womgogodla emhlane. Izimpawu ezimnyama emehlweni nasemathempelini zivamile - zithi kancane zikhumbuza izimpawu zobuso be-raccoon. Amathiphu emilenze nomsila anonsundu ngokumnyama.
Okugqama kakhulu, nokho, amadlebe afinyelela ku-13 cm ubude, acishe abemnyama. Izimpungushe ezinamadlebe elulwane nazo zibonakala ngokuthi zinamazinyo amaningi: kukhona angama-46 kuya ku-50 - ngaphezu kwanoma yisiphi esinye isilwane esincelisayo esiphezulu esinaso. Nokho, amazinyo mancane. Lokhu ukujwayela iqiniso lokuthi izimpungushe ezinamandlebe zidla ikakhulukazi izinambuzane.
Zihlala kuphi izimpungushe ezinamandlebe amalulwane?
Izimpungushe ezinamadlebe atholakala e-Afrika kuphela, ikakhulukazi empumalanga naseningizimu ye-Afrika. Izimpungushe ezinamadlebe elulwane zihlala ezindaweni ezihlala emathafeni, emathafeni asehlathini, nasezinkangala lapho ukudla kwazo okuyinhloko, umuhlwa, kwenzeka khona. Zithanda izindawo lapho utshani bungakhuli ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-25. Lezi yizifunda ezidlulwa yizilwane ezifuywayo noma utshani bubhujiswe ngomlilo buphinde bukhule. Lapho utshani buba bubude, izimpungushe ezinamandlebe amalulwane zifudukela kwenye indawo.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezimpungushe ezinamandlebe ezikhona?
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezincane zezimpungushe ezinamandlebe: Impilo eyodwa eningizimu ye-Afrika ukusuka eNingizimu Afrika ukuya eNamibia, eBotswana, eZimbabwe ukuya eningizimu kakhulu ye-Angola, Zambia, naseMozambique. Ezinye izinhlobo ezincane zihlala zisuka e-Ethiopia zidlula e-Eritrea, eSomalia, eSudan, eKenya, e-Uganda, naseTanzania kuya enyakatho yeZambia naseMalawi.
Izimpungushe ezinamandlebe amalulwane ziba neminyaka emingaki?
Izimpungushe ezinamadlebe angamalulwane ziphila cishe iminyaka emihlanu, ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube iminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye. Ekuthunjweni, bangaphila iminyaka engu-13.
Behave
Ziphila kanjani izimpungushe ezinamadlebe?
Izindlebe ezivelele zanikeza impungushe enezindlebe zelulwane igama layo. Baveza ukuthi izimpungushe ezinamandlebe elulwane zizwa kahle kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi zisebenza ngokukhethekile ezilwaneni ezizingelayo, ikakhulukazi umuhlwa, zingawusebenzisa ukuze zicoshe ngisho nemisindo encane yalezi zilwane emigodini yazo.
Ziphinde zikhiphe ukushisa komzimba okweqile ngezindlebe zazo ezinkulu. Uma izimpungushe ezinamadlebe zisebenza kuya esikhathini sonyaka kanye nendawo ezihlala kuyo. Eningizimu Afrika, ukuze zibalekele ukushisa okukhulu, zivame ukuba nobusuku ehlobo bese zihamba ziyofuna ukudla.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ebusika obupholile, bayaphuma bahambe emini. Empumalanga ye-Afrika, zivame ukuba sebusuku isikhathi esiningi sonyaka. Izimpungushe ezinamadlebe elulwane ziyizilwane ezithanda ubudlelwano futhi zihlala ngamaqembu emindeni enezilwane ezingaba ngu-15. Izingane zesilisa zishiya umndeni ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, abesifazane bahlala isikhathi eside futhi basize ukukhulisa izingane ezintsha ngonyaka olandelayo.
Izimpungushe ezinamadlebe azinazo izindawo, kodwa zihlala ezindaweni ezibizwa ngokuthi yizindawo zokwenza okuthile: Lezi zindawo aziphawulwanga futhi zingasetshenziswa amaqembu amaningi emindeni ukuze afune ukudla. Izimpungushe ezinamadlebe elulwane zihlehlela emigodini engaphansi ukuze ziphumule futhi zilale futhi zithole indawo yokukhosela. Zizimbela zona ngokwazo noma zisebenzise imigodi emidala eyenziwe ezinye izilwane. Okunye ukuziphatha kwezimpungushe ezinamadlebe kukhumbuza izinja ezifuywayo: zibuyisela izindlebe zazo emuva lapho zesaba, futhi uma isitha sisondela, sihuqa uboya bazo. Uma ujatshuliswa noma udlala, umsila uthwalwa uqonde futhi uvundlile lapho uhamba.
Abangane nezitha ze-bat-eared fox
Izimpungushe ezinamandlebe amalulwane zinezitha eziningi ezihlanganisa amabhubesi, izimpisi, izingwe, izingulule, nezinja zasendle zase-Afrika. Izinyoni ezidla inyama njengama-martial eagles noma ama-boa constrictors njenge-python nazo zingaba yingozi kuzo. Izimpungushe ziyingozi, ikakhulukazi emidlwaneni.
Zizalana kanjani izimpungushe ezinamadlebe?
Izimpungushe ezinamadlebe elulwane zihlala ngababili, akuvamile ukuthi abesifazane ababili bahlale ndawonye neduna elilodwa. Intsha izalwa lapho ukudla kuningi. EMpumalanga Afrika, lokhu kuphakathi kokuphela kuka-August nokuphela kuka-October, eningizimu ye-Afrika kuze kube u-December.
Ngemva kokumitha kwezinsuku ezingama-60 kuya kwezingama-70, insikazi izala ezimbili kuya kweziyisihlanu, akuvamile ukuba zibe yisithupha. Ngemva kwezinsuku eziyisishiyagalolunye zivula amehlo azo, ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-17 ziphuma emgodini okokuqala. Banakekelwa cishe izinyanga ezine futhi bazimele cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha. Bobabili abazali banakekela inzalo.
Izimpungushe ezinamandlebe amalulwane zixhumana kanjani?
Izimpungushe ezinamandlebe elulwane zenza imisindo embalwa kuphela. Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi bakhiphe ukukhala okukhulu. Abancane nabazali baxhumana ngokushaya ikhwela okukhumbuza inyoni kunenja.