UMary Allen
Lezi zinja ezikhuthele ngokuyinhloko zazifuyelwe izinkomo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuze kube ngawo-1980, zazingaziwa kancane ngaphandle kwe-Australia yomdabu - ngaphandle uma zithunyelwa ngaphandle njengezinja ezisebenzayo. Ngokucindezela izilwane kuketanga, izinja zigcina umhlambi uhlangene. Njengoba ikhanya ngokwedlulele, ilangazelela ngendlela emangalisayo, futhi idlangile, lolu hlobo lwenja njengamanje lubeka indinganiso ekuqeqesheni ukulalela nokuba bukhali futhi luya ngokuya luduma njengesilwane esifuywayo.
I-Australian Cattle Dog - isithombe sohlobo
Isimo sezulu esishisayo sase-Australia sidinga inja eqinile futhi eqinile. Izinja zokuqala ezelusayo ezazingeniswa kwamanye amazwe, okungenzeka zazifana nokhokho be-Old English Sheepdog ngokubukeka futhi zalethwa izifiki, zakhungathekiswa isimo sezulu esibi kanye namabanga amade okwakudingeka ziwahambe.
Ukuze kufuywe inja efanele izimo ezichaziwe, abafuyi bazama izinhlobo eziningana zezilwane. I-Australian Cattle Dog yavela efa elixubile elihlanganisa i-Smithfield Heeler (manje engasekho), i-Dalmatian, i-Kelpie, i-Bull Terrier, kanye ne-Dingo (inja yasendle yase-Australia).
Lokhu kuhlukahluka okuphezulu kwezinhlobo kwenza inja enekhono ebonakala iphilela umsebenzi. Izinga lohlobo lwalotshwa kusukela ngo-1893. Inja yabhaliswa ngokusemthethweni ngo-1903, kodwa kwathatha eminye iminyaka engu-80 ukuze yaziwe ngaphandle.
Abalandeli balolu hlobo batusa ubuhlakani bakhe nokuzimisela kwakhe ukufunda. Lezi zimfanelo ezinhle zenza i-Australian Cattle Dog ibe yinja esebenzayo, kodwa futhi ibe yinja yomndeni enzima.
Njenge-Border Collie, Inja Yezinkomo yase-Australia idinga ukuzivocavoca okuningi nokukhuthazwa kwengqondo: iyakuthanda ukusebenza. Okwenziwa yilo “msebenzi” kuncike kumnikazi. Ukuthi ubandakanya inja ngokushelela noma ukuvivinya umzimba kokulalela noma ukumane uyifundise uchungechunge lwemidlalo eyinkimbinkimbi, i-Australian Cattle Dog izofunda kalula nangomdlandla.
I-Cattle Dog njengenja yasendlini ngokuvamile iyinja yomuntu oyedwa kodwa futhi izinikele kakhulu emndenini wayo. Uyabasola abantu angabazi futhi kufanele aqeqeshelwe ukwamukela abantu abasha nezinye izinja kusukela esemncane.
I-Blue Heelers noma i-Queensland Heelers: Ukubukeka
I-Australian Cattle Dog iyinja eqinile, ehlangene futhi enemisipha enekhanda elihleleke kahle, isitobhi esicacile, nokudlala kwekhala elimnyama.
Amehlo akhe ansundu amnyama, anomumo oyisiyingi futhi anosayizi omaphakathi futhi angaphumeleli futhi angajulile, abonisa ukungabethembi okuvamile kwabantu angabazi. Izindlebe ziqondile futhi zikhomba ngokulinganisela. Ahlukaniswe abe banzi ogebheni lwekhanda futhi atshekele ngaphandle. Ijazi layo libushelelezi, lakha ijazi elikabili elinejazi elingaphansi elifushane eliminyene. Ijazi eliphezulu liminyene, izinwele ngayinye ziqondile, ziqinile, futhi zilele phansi; ngakho-ke ijazi lezinwele alikwazi ukungena emanzini.
Imibala yoboya iyahlukahluka phakathi kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - futhi inomaki omnyama noma onsundu - futhi obomvu namabala amnyama ekhanda. Umsila wayo, ofinyelela cishe kuma-hocks, unesethi ejulile ephakathi. Esilwaneni esiphumule, siyalenga, kuyilapho sinyakaza siphakanyiswe kancane.
Uhlobo lwezinja zezinkomo zase-Australia: Ukunakekela
Ijazi le-Heeler alidingi ukulungiswa okuningi. Imnandi inja uma uyixubha kanye ngesikhathi ukuze ukhiphe izinwele ezindala.
Ulwazi lwenja yezinkomo: temperament
I-Australian Cattle Dog ihlakaniphe kakhulu futhi izimisele ukusebenza, inolaka, ayivamisile ukukhonkotha, ithembekile kakhulu, inesibindi, iyalalela, iqaphile, inethemba, futhi ikhuthele. Izakhiwo zayo zingalandelelwa emuva kumsuka wayo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo kokuqala. Uma iqeqeshwe kahle, i-Heeler ayijwayele ukuzingela noma ukukhonkotha, ihlale iqaphile kodwa ayithuki noma ibe nolaka.
Iqaphile futhi inesibindi, Inja Yezinkomo yase-Australia ibilokhu ingesabi. Ngenxa yemvelo yakhe engokwemvelo yokuvikela, uvikela umuzi wakhe, ipulazi, nomndeni, kanye nomhlambi wezinkomo aziphathisiwe. Ubonisa ukungabethembi okungokwemvelo abantu angabazi kodwa useyinja enomusa, ethobekile.
Ulwazi lwenja ye-blue heeler: ukukhuliswa
I-Australian Cattle Dog iyinja ehlakaniphile futhi ehlakaniphile ezimisele kakhulu ukufunda futhi ethanda ukusebenza. Ngakho-ke ukukhulisa kwakhe kufanele kube lula. Kodwa-ke, uma ungayinaki ngokwanele le nja, izobe inganeliseki.
I-Agility wumdlalo ofanele lolu hlobo. Kodwa futhi kungaba yi-fly-ball, ukushesha, ukulalela, ukulandelela, i-Schutzhund sport (i-VPG (isivivinyo esiyindilinga sezinja ezisebenzayo), i-SchH sport, i-VPG sport, i-IPO sport), noma eminye imidlalo ongayigcina i-Australian Cattle Dog. umatasa nge. Ngokubhekana ngokujulile nale nja umuntu uzuza ukuthi uhlala elinganisela kakhulu.
I-Australian Cattle Dog enesithukuthezi ingakhathala ngokushesha. Ube esezilungiselela ukuyofuna umsebenzi, okungadingeki ukuthi kuhlale kuhambe kahle.
Ukuhambelana
I-Australian Cattle Dog iziphatha kahle kakhulu nezinye izinja, ezinye izilwane ezifuywayo, noma izingane. Imfuneko yokuziphatha okunjalo, yiqiniso, ukuthi izinja zihlalisana kahle futhi zijwayele.
Movement
Izilwane eziseqenjini lohlobo oluhlanganisa i-Australian Cattle Dog zidinga ukuzivocavoca okuningi nokusebenza ukuze zigcine imizimba yazo isesimweni esihle. Ngakho-ke uma ufuna inja yenja ongadingi ukwenza okuningi ngayo, le nja iyisinqumo esingalungile.
Imininingwane
Imidlwane yalolu hlobo izalwa imhlophe, kodwa amachashaza ezidladleni anikeza inkomba yombala wejazi okufanele ulindelwe kamuva.
Indaba
Abantu base-Australia babiza inja yabo yezinkomo ngenhlonipho nangokuyincoma ngokuthi “umngane omkhulu womuntu ehlathini”. I-Australian Cattle Dog inendawo ekhethekile ezinhliziyweni zabantu base-Australia. Inja yase-Australia inamagama nobuso obuningi. Waziwa ngamagama ase-Australian Heeler, Blue noma Red Heeler, kodwa futhi Halls Heeler noma Queensland Heeler. I-Australian Cattle Dog igama layo elisemthethweni.
Umlando we-Australian Cattle Dog uxhumene kakhulu nomlando wase-Australia kanye nabanqobi bayo. Abokufika bokuqala bazinza ezindaweni ezizungeze idolobhakazi lanamuhla iSydney. Phakathi kokunye, abokufika babuye nezinkomo nezinja ezifuywayo ezihambisana nazo zisuka ezweni lakubo (ikakhulukazi eNgilandi).
Izinja ezazivela kwamanye amazwe zenze umsebenzi wazo ngendlela egculisayo ekuqaleni, ngisho noma isimo sezulu sase-Australia sazilimaza izinja. Kwaze kwaba yilapho izifiki ziqala ukwanda enyakatho yeSydney ngaphesheya kweHunter Valley naseningizimu ziye eSifundeni sase-Illawarra lapho kwavela khona izinkinga ezinkulu.
Ukutholakala kwensimu eGreat Dividing Range ngo-1813 kwavula amadlelo amakhulu ngasentshonalanga. Njengoba ipulazi lalikwazi ngisho nokuhlanganisa izinkulungwane zamakhilomitha-skwele, kwanikezwa ukufuywa okuhluke ngokuphelele lapha.
Yayingekho imingcele ebiyelwe futhi, ngokungafani nakuqala, izinkomo zazivele zishiywe lapho, ngokungafani nakuqala, izinkomo zazilahliwe futhi zishiywa zizenzela umathanda. Ngenxa yalokho, imihlambi yanda futhi yalahlekelwa ukujwayelana nabantu. Izinja kwakuyizilwane ezifuywayo ezihlala ezindaweni eziminyene emadlelweni abiyelwe kahle, ezazivame ukushayelwa. Lokhu kwashintsha.
Eyaziwa ngokuthi "i-Smithfields" noma "i-Black-Bob-Tail", inja yaseNgilandi yayisetshenziswa abafuyi base-Australia bokuqala emsebenzini wabo womhlambi. Lezi zinja zazingamelani kahle nesimo sezulu, zazikhonkotha kakhulu, futhi zazihamba kancane ngezinyawo zazo ngokunyakazisa kwazo. I-Smithfields yayingenye yezinja zokuqala ezazisetshenziswa abafuyi bemfuyo. Kodwa-ke, abazange bahlale bezwana kahle nesimo se-Down Under yase-Australia.
Timmin's Heeler Dogs
UJohn (Jack) Timmins (1816 - 1911) wawela iSmithfields yakhe neDingo (inja yasendle yase-Australia). Umqondo wawuwukusebenzisa izici ze-dingo, umzingeli onekhono ngokwedlulele, onesibindi, oqinile ojwayelene kahle nendawo yakhe. Ukuze lezi zifiki zikwazi ukusebenzisa izindawo eziwudedangendlale zase-Australia ukuze zizale izinkomo, kwadingeka zizalele inja efanelekayo ephikelelayo, imelana nesimo sezulu, futhi isebenza buthule.
Izinja eziphuma kulokhu kuwela zazibizwa ngokuthi i-Timmins Heelers. Kwakuyizinja zokuqala zezinkomo zase-Australia, abashayeli abashesha kakhulu kodwa abazolile. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yenkani yayo, le nhlobonhlobo ayikwazanga ukuphumelela esikhathini eside futhi yanyamalala futhi ngemva kwesikhashana.
I-Hall's Heeler
Umnikazi womhlaba osemncane kanye nomfuyi wezinkomo uThomas Simpson Hall (1808-1870) wangenisa ama-Rough Collies amabili aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esuka eScotland eya eNew South Wales ngo-1840. Wazuza imiphumela emihle ngokuphambanisa inzalo yalezi zinja ezimbili nge-dingo.
Izinja eziphuma kulokhu kuwela zazibizwa ngokuthi i-Hall’s Heelers. Izingxube ze-collie-dingo zasebenza kangcono kakhulu nezinkomo. Lezi zinja zazifunwa kakhulu njengoba zazimelela intuthuko enkulu kulokho okwake kwasetshenziswa njengezinja zezinkomo e-Australia. Isidingo semidlwane sasiphezulu ngokufanelekile.
UJack noHarry Bagust, abazalwane bazama ukuthuthukisa izinja ngokuqhubeka nokuzalanisa. Okokuqala, bawelela eDalmatian ukuze bakhulise uthando lwabantu. Ukwengeza, basebenzisa i-Black and Tan Kelpies.
Lezi zinja zezimvu zase-Australia zaletha umgomo womsebenzi owengeziwe kulolu hlobo, okwazuzisa ukusetshenziswa kwazo okuhlosiwe. Umphumela waba inja esebenzayo, ehlangene yohlobo lwe-dingo esinda kancane. Ngemuva kokusebenzisa ama-Kelpies, akukho okunye ukudlula okwenziwe.
I-Australian Cattle Dog yakhula yaba uhlobo lwezinja eziluse kakhulu e-Australia phakathi nekhulu le-19. Uhlobo oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-blue merle) lwabukiswa okokuqala ngo-1897. Umfuyi uRobert Kaleski wasungula izinga lokuqala lohlobo ngo-1903. I-FCI yabona iNja Yezinkomo yase-Australia ngo-1979.