UMary Allen
Isingeniso: Isibalo samahhashi Asendle ase-Alberta
I-Alberta Wild Horse iyiqembu lamahhashi azulazula ngokukhululekile ahlala ngaphansi kwezintaba ze-Rocky e-Alberta, eCanada. Lawa mahhashi ayinzalo yamahhashi afuywayo akhululwa noma aphunyuka emapulazini nasemapulazini ekuqaleni kwawo-1900. Baye bajwayela ukuhlala endle futhi sebeyingxenye ebalulekile ye-ecosystem yase-Alberta. I-Alberta Wild Horses iyisizwe esiyingqayizivele nesibalulekile esidinga ukuvikelwa nokuphathwa ngendlela efanele.
Ukwakheka kofuzo kwe-Alberta Wild Horses
I-Alberta Wild Horses iyingxube yezinhlobo ezahlukene zamahhashi afuywayo, okusho ukuthi anofuzo oluhlukahlukene. Lokhu kwehlukahlukana kungaba yinzuzo kubantu njengoba kungakhuphula ikhono labo lokujwayela izinguquko endaweni yabo. Kodwa-ke, kusho nokuthi amanye amahhashi angase aphathe ukuguqulwa kofuzo okungabangela izifo. Lokhu kuguqulwa kungenzeka ukuthi kwethulwe kubantu ngokuzalaniswa kwamahhashi asekhaya noma ngokuguqulwa okungahleliwe okwenzeka ngokwemvelo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Siyini isifo sofuzo?
Isifo sofuzo isifo esidalwa ukungahambi kahle ku-DNA yomuntu. Lokhu kungavamile kungase kuzuzwe kumzali oyedwa noma bobabili noma kungenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo ngesikhathi sokukhula kombungu. Izifo zofuzo zingathinta noma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba futhi zingaba nemiphumela ehlukahlukene, kusukela komnene kuye konzima. Ubunzima besifo sofuzo bungancika ezintweni ezihlukahlukene, njengokuguquguquka okuthile nendawo ezungezile yomuntu.
Izibonelo zezifo zofuzo ezilwaneni
Ziningi izifo zofuzo ezithinta izilwane, okuhlanganisa namahhashi. Ezinye izibonelo zezifo zofuzo emahhashini zihlanganisa i-Equine Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (EPSM), ethinta imisipha yehhashi, kanye ne-Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP), ethinta isimiso sezinzwa zehhashi. Zombili lezi zifo zibangelwa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo ezithile.
Izifo zofuzo ezingenzeka e-Alberta Wild Horses
Ngenxa yokuthi ama-Alberta Wild Horses ayingxube yezinhlobo ezahlukene zamahhashi afuywayo, angase athwale izinguquko ezibangela izifo zofuzo. Ezinye zezifo zofuzo ezingase zibe khona e-Alberta Wild Horses zihlanganisa lezo ezithinta imisipha, isimiso sezinzwa, namasosha omzimba. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kofuzo, kunzima ukwazi ukusabalala kwalezi zifo kubantu.
Izici eziyingozi zezifo zofuzo emiphakathini yamahhashi asendle
Izinga lamahhashi asendle lingaba sengcupheni eyengeziwe yezifo zofuzo ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokuzalanisa, ukukhukhuleka kofuzo, kanye nobukhulu obuncane besibalo sabantu. Ukuzalanisa kungaholela ekuqongeleleni izinguquko eziyingozi, kuyilapho ukukhukhuleka kofuzo kungabangela ukulahlekelwa ukuhlukahluka kofuzo okuzuzisayo. Inani elincane labantu lingakhuphula amathuba okuthi izifo zofuzo zidluliselwe ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane.
Ukuhlolwa kofuzo nokuxilongwa kwamahhashi asendle
Ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo kungasetshenziswa ukukhomba izinguquko ezibangela izifo zofuzo emahhashini asendle. Lokhu kuhlola kungasiza ekuboneni abantu abangabathwali balezi zinguquko futhi kungazisa izinqumo zokuzalanisa nokuphatha. Ukuhlolwa kofuzo kungasetshenziswa futhi ukuxilonga amahhashi akhombisa izimpawu zesifo sofuzo.
Umthelela wezifo zofuzo kubantu bamahhashi asendle
Izifo zofuzo zingaba nomthelela omkhulu emiphakathini yamahhashi asendle. Kwezinye izimo, zingabangela ukungahambi kahle ngokomzimba nokuziphatha okungase kuthinte ukusinda nokuzala kwehhashi. Kwezinye izimo, zingase zingabi nomthelela obonakalayo empilweni yehhashi kodwa zisengadluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.
Amasu okuphatha izifo zofuzo kumahhashi asendle
Kunamasu amaningana okuphatha angasetshenziswa ukunciphisa umthelela wezifo zofuzo emiphakathini yamahhashi asendle. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa nokukhethwa kofuzo, ukuphathwa kokuzalanisa, nokuqapha inani labantu. Ukuhlolwa kofuzo kungasiza ekuboneni abantu abangabathwali bezifo zofuzo futhi kungazisa izinqumo zokuzalanisa. Ukuphathwa kokuzalanisa kungasiza ekunciphiseni imvamisa yokuguquka kwezakhi eziyingozi emphakathini. Ukuqapha inani labantu kungasiza ekutholeni izinguquko ekwandeni kwezifo zofuzo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Iqhaza lemizamo yokonga ekuvimbeleni izifo zofuzo
Imizamo yokulondoloza imvelo ingaba nendima ebalulekile ekuvimbeleni izifo zofuzo kubantu bamahhashi asendle. Le mizamo ingabandakanya ukuphathwa kwezindawo zokuhlala, ukulawula izilwane ezidla ezinye, nokuqapha inani labantu. Ngokugcina izindawo zokuhlala ezinempilo nokunciphisa ukudliwa, imizamo yokonga ingasiza ekwandiseni impilo yonke yamahhashi asendle. Ukuqapha inani labantu nakho kungasiza ekutholeni izinguquko ekubhebhethekeni kwezifo zofuzo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nokwazisa izinqumo zokuphatha.
Isiphetho: Isidingo sokuqhubeka kocwaningo nokuqapha
Sengiphetha, izifo zofuzo ziwusongo olukhulu empilweni nasekuphileni kwamahhashi asendle. Ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze kutholakale ukusabalala kwezifo zofuzo kubantu base-Alberta Wild Horse kanye nokuthuthukisa amasu okuphatha asebenzayo. Ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kwenani labantu nakho kubalulekile ukuze kutholwe izinguquko ekusakazweni kwezifo zofuzo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokuthatha izinyathelo ezisebenzayo zokuvimbela nokuphatha izifo zofuzo emahhashini asendle, singasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukusinda kwesikhathi eside kwalesi sibalo sabantu esibalulekile.
Izinkomba nokufundwa okuqhubekayo
- Fraser, D., & Houpt, KA (2015). Ukuziphatha kwe-Equine: umhlahlandlela wodokotela bezilwane kanye nososayensi be-equine. Elsevier Health Sciences.
- U-Gus Cothran, E. (2014). Ukwehluka kofuzo ehhashini lanamuhla kanye nokuhlobana kwalo nehhashi lasendulo. I-Equine genomics, 1-26.
- I-IUCN SSC Equid Specialist Group. (2016). Equus ferus ssp. przewalskii. Uhlu Olubomvu lwe-IUCN Lwezilwane Ezisengozini 2016: e.T7961A45171200.
- Kaczensky, P., Ganbaatar, O., Altansukh, N., Enkhbileg, D., Stauffer, C., & Walzer, C. (2011). Isimo nokusatshalaliswa kwembongolo yasendle yase-Asia e-Mongolia. Oryx, 45(1), 76-83.
- IKomidi LoMkhandlu Kazwelonke Wokucwaninga (i-US) Lokuphathwa Kwamahhashi Asendle kanye Ne-Burro. (1980). Amahhashi asendle nama-burros: ukubuka konke. I-National Academies Press.