UMary Allen
Izingwejeje zase-Afrika zibukeka kancane njengezingwejeje. Kodwa makhulu kakhulu futhi uboya bawo buzwakala bulukhuni kakhulu. Kulapho igama lakhe livela khona.
Izici
Zibukeka kanjani izingwejeje zasemhlabathini?
Izingwejeje zaphansi zinesimo esijwayelekile sesquirrel kanye nomsila omude, onamahlathi. Lokhu kusebenza njenge-parasol: uyibambe ngendlela yokuthi ithulule umzimba wakho. Ijazi eliqinile, eliqinile limpunga-nsumpa noma isinamoni elinsundu ukuya kobeige-grey, isisu nangaphakathi emilenzeni kukhona okumpunga ngokukhanyayo ukuya komhlophe.
Izingwejeje zase-Afrika zikala amasentimitha angama-20 kuye kwangama-45 ukusuka ekhaleni ukuya phansi, kanye nomsila ongamasentimitha angama-20 kuya kwangama-25 ubude. Kodwa-ke, lezi zinhlobo ezine zihluke kancane ngobukhulu: ingwejeje yasemhlabathini enemigqa inkulu, izingwejeje zaseCape ground kanye nezingwejeje zaseKaokoveld zincane ngamasentimitha ambalwa. Okuncane kunawo wonke yingwejeje yasemhlabathini. Kuye ngezinhlobo nobulili, izilwane zinesisindo esingama-300 kuya ku-700 amagremu. Ezisikazi zivame ukuba zinkulu kancane futhi zisinde kuneziduna.
Izingwejeje zase-Cape ground, izingwejeje zase-Kaokoveld, nezingwejeje zasemhlabathini ezinemithende ziyefana: zonke zinomugqa omhlophe phansi nhlangothi zombili zemizimba yazo. Ingwejeje yasemhlabeni kuphela engenalo mdwebo. Amehlo azo zonke izinhlobo ane-eye-ring emhlophe eqinile, kodwa le ndandatho ayivelele kakhulu ku-squirrel yase-Kaokoveld.
Njengawo wonke amagundane, ama-incisors amabili akhiwa abe ama-incisors emhlathini ongaphezulu. Lezi zikhula impilo yonke. Ama-squirrel aphansi anezindevu ezinde, okuthiwa ama-vibrissae, emakhaleni azo. Basiza izilwane ukuthola indlela yazo. Izindlebe zincane, ama-pinnae awakho. Imilenze iqinile futhi izinyawo zinezinzipho ezinde izilwane ezikwazi ukumba ngazo kahle.
Zihlala kuphi izingwejeje zase-Afrika?
Njengoba igama labo liphakamisa, izingwejeje zase-Afrika zitholakala e-Afrika kuphela. Ingwejeje yaseKapa ihlala eningizimu ye-Afrika, i-Kaokoveld ground squirrel e-Angola naseNamibia. Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili yizo kuphela ububanzi bazo obuhambisanayo. Ingwejeje yasemhlabathini enemithende isekhaya eNtshonalanga naseCentral Africa, ingwejeje yasemhlabathini eMpumalanga Afrika.
Izingwejeje zase-Afrika zithanda izindawo zokuhlala ezivulekile njengama-savanna kanye nezingwadule lapho zingekho khona izihlahla eziningi. Kodwa-ke, ahlala ezindaweni ezigqagqene ezinamatshe nasezintabeni.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezingwejeje zasemhlabathini ezikhona?
Ama-squirrels ase-Afrika awafani nje ne-squirrel yethu, kodwa futhi ahlobene nayo: futhi ayingxenye yomndeni we-squirrel kanye ne-rodent order. Kunezinhlobo ezine ezahlukene zengwejeje yase-Afrika: ingwejeje yase-Cape ground (i-Xerus ukulimala), i-Kaokoveld noma i-Damara ground squirrel (i-Xerus princeps), i-squirrel yomhlabathi enemigqa (Xerus erythropus), kanye ne-plain ground squirrel (Xerus rutilus).
Izingwejeje zase-Afrika zasemhlabeni ziba neminyaka emingaki?
Akwaziwa ukuthi izingwejeje zase-Afrika ezihlala phansi zingaba neminyaka emingaki.
Behave
Ziphila kanjani izingwejeje zase-Afrika?
Izingwejeje zase-Afrika ziyi-diurnal futhi - ngokungafani nezingwejeje zethu - zihlala phansi kuphela. Zihlala emakoloni emigodini engaphansi komhlaba ezizimbela yona. Yilapho izilwane zihlehlela khona ukuze ziphumule futhi zilale futhi zithole indawo yokukhosela ezitheni zazo kanye nokushisa okukhulu emini bebade. Ekuseni bayawushiya umgodi wabo bafudumale elangeni ngaphambi kokuba baphume bayofuna ukudla.
Izingwejeje zase Kapa zakha imigodi emikhulukazi. Aqukethe uhlelo olunamagatsha olubanzi lwemigudu namakamelo amade. I-maze enjalo ingafinyelela amakhilomitha-skwele amabili futhi ibe nezindawo zokuphuma ezingafika eziyikhulu! Imigodi ye-Kaokoveld ground squirrel mincane futhi ilula, ineminyango emibili kuya kwemihlanu kuphela. Izingwejeje zabesifazane ezihlala phansi zivikela umgodi wazo kuma-conspecifics okungeyona ingxenye yekoloni yazo.
Ngezinye izikhathi ama-Meerkat ahlala emigodini yezingwejeje zasemhlabathini. Nakuba lezi zilwane ezidla ezinye ngokuvamile zidla izingwejeje zasemhlabathini, lapho zingena emgodini njengabantu abahlala nazo, zishiya izingwejeje zomhlaba zodwa. Ama-meerkats asiza ngisho nama-squirrels aphansi ngoba abulala izinyoka ezingaba yingozi kuma-squirrels emigodini yazo.
Akukho okuningi okwaziwayo mayelana nokuziphatha kwezingwejeje zasemhlabathini. Kodwa siyazi ukuthi izilwane ziyaxwayisana. Lapho zibona isitha, zihlaba umkhosi. Ngenxa yalokho, wonke amalungu ekoloni acasha ngokushesha emgodini.
Abesifazane nabesilisa bahlala emakoloni ahlukene. Endabeni ye-Cape ground squirrels, ezinhlanu kuya kweziyishumi, akuvamile ukuthi izilwane ezifika ku-20 zakhe ikoloni. Amakoloni e-Kaokoveld ground squirrels kanye ne-ground squirrels mancane futhi ngokuvamile ahlanganisa izilwane ezimbili kuya kwezine kuphela. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo, ezinsikazi zihlala unomphela namaphuphu azo ekoloni. Amaduna wona alokhu esuka kwelinye ikoloni aye kwelinye. Zigcina kuphela iqembu lezinsikazi ngesikhathi sokukhwelana. Base benza eyabo indlela futhi.
Abangane nezitha zengwejeje yasemhlabathini
Izingwejeje zase-Afrika zinezitha eziningi. Isibonelo, zizingelwa ama-raptors kanye nezilwane ezincelisayo ezinjengezimpungushe nama-zebra mongoose. Izinyoka nazo ziyingozi kakhulu kuma-squirrels.
ENingizimu Afrika, izingwejejejejejejejejejejejejejela abathandi babalimi abathile ngoba badla okusanhlamvu nezitshalo ngaphezu kwezitshalo zasendle. Bangakwazi futhi ukudlulisa izifo, kuhlanganise namarabi.
Izingwejeje zasemhlabathini zizalana kanjani?
Kuma-squirrel ase-cape kanye naphansi, isikhathi sokukhwelana sithatha unyaka wonke. Ukukhwelana kwezingwejeje zasemhlabathini ezinemigqa kuvame ukwenzeka ngoMashi no-April.
Cishe amasonto ayisithupha kuya kwayisikhombisa ngemva kokukhwelana, insikazi izala eyodwa kuya kwezintathu, inani eliphakeme kunawo wonke amane. Izingane zizalwa zinqunu futhi ziyizimpumputhe. Zihlala emgodini izinsuku ezingaba ngu-45 futhi zinakekelwa futhi zinceliswe unina. Inzalo izimele cishe emasontweni ayisishiyagalombili.
Ama-ground squirrel axhumana kanjani?
Ngaphezu kwezingcingo ezihlabayo ezixwayisayo, izingwejeje zase-Afrika nazo zenza eminye imisindo ukuze zixhumane.