UMary Allen
Ngenxa yokuthi zazikhipha isikhumba sazo njalo, izinyoka ze-Aesculapian zazibhekwa njengophawu lokuvuselelwa kabusha kwamaGreki namaRoma futhi zazinikezelwe kunkulunkulu ophulukisayo u-Aesculapius.
Izici
Zibukeka kanjani izinyoka ze-Aesculapian?
Izinyoka ze-Aesculapian ziyizilwane ezihuquzelayo ezihlala emndenini wezinyoka futhi ziyizinyoka ezinkulu kunazo zonke eYurophu Ephakathi. Zingeyezinyoka ezikhuphukayo, ezinye zazo ezihlala ezihlahleni futhi ngokuvamile zifinyelela ubude obungamasentimitha angu-150, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zifinyelela ku-180 amasentimitha.
Eningizimu yeYurophu, zingafinyelela ubude obungamamitha amabili. Abesilisa banesisindo esingamagremu angu-400, abesifazane baphakathi kuka-250 no-350 amagremu; ngokuvamile mafushane kakhulu kunabesilisa. Izinyoka zincane futhi zinekhanda elincane, elincane elinekhala elibuthuntu, elinebala eliphuzi eliphaphathekile ohlangothini ngalunye ngemuva kwekhanda.
Njengazo zonke izingwenya, izinyane zamehlo azo ziyindilinga. Ingaphezulu lenyoka linombala onsundu ngokukhanyayo, liba mnyama ngasemsila. Uhlangothi lwe-ventral lukhanya ngokufanayo. Ezimfeni nasezihlahleni, lo mbala uwenza ufihleke kahle. Izikali ezingemuva zibushelelezi futhi ziyacwebezela, kodwa izikali ezisemaceleni zimahhadlahhadla. Ngenxa yalezi zikali eziseceleni, izinyoka ze-Aesculapian zikwazi ukukhuphuka kalula ezihlahleni. Izinyoka ze-Aesculapian ezisencane zinezindawo eziphuzi ngokugqamile ezintanyeni zazo futhi zinsundu ngokukhanyayo namabala ansundu ngokumnyama.
Zihlala kuphi izinyoka ze-Aesculapian?
Izinyoka ze-Aesculapian zitholakala e-Portugal naseSpain ngaphesheya kwe-Europe emaphakathi naseningizimu ye-Europe kuya enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Iran. Kwezinye izifunda zase-Alps, zihlala amamitha angu-1200 ngaphezu kolwandle. Lapha zingatholakala kuphela ezifundeni ezimbalwa lapho isimo sezulu sipholile.
Izinyoka ze-Aesculapian zidinga izindawo zokuhlala ezifudumele ezinelanga eliningi. Zithanda ukushiswa yilanga ngakho-ke zihlala emahlathini omile axubile, ezimfundeni ezingaphansi kwezihlahla zezithelo, emaphethelweni amahlathi, ezinkwalini, ezindaweni ezicwebile kanye naphakathi kwezindonga namadwala. Zivame ukutholakala ezingadini nasemapaki. Izinyoka ze-Aesculapian zizizwa zikhululekile kuphela ezindaweni ezomile. Ngenxa yalokho, nakuba zingababhukudi abanekhono, azitholakali eduze namanzi noma ezindaweni ezinamaxhaphozi.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezinyoka ze-Aesculapian ezikhona?
Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-1500 zezinyoka emhlabeni. Nokho, ziyi-18 kuphela zazo ezenzeka eYurophu. Eyaziwa kakhulu inyoka enemigqa emine, inyoka ethukuthele, inyoka yotshani, inyoka, inyoka edayisi, kanye nenyoka ebushelelezi, ngaphezu kwenyoka ye-Aesculapius. Izinyoka ze-Aesculapian ezisencane zinezindawo eziphuzi ezihlukile ekhanda, yingakho ngezinye izikhathi zidideka nezinyoka zotshani.
Ziba neminyaka emingaki izinyoka ze-Aesculapian?
Ososayensi basola ukuthi izinyoka ze-Aesculapian zingaphila iminyaka engama-30.
Behave
Ziphila kanjani izinyoka ze-Aesculapian?
Izinyoka ze-Aesculapian seziyivelakancane lapha ngoba zithola izindawo zokuhlala ezifanelekayo ezimbalwa, kodwa zisekhona kwezinye izindawo eziseningizimu yeJalimane. Izinyoka ezihlala isikhathi eside azihlali nje kuphela phansi kodwa futhi ziyakwazi ukuqwala izintaba futhi zizingela izinyoni ezihlahleni noma zibambe amaqanda ezinyoni.
Nokho, kithi ungazibona kuphela izinyanga ezimbalwa zonyaka: Ziphuma kuphela ezindaweni zazo zasebusika ngo-April noma ngoMeyi, lapho kufudumala ngokwanele izilwane ezinegazi elibandayo, futhi ngokuvamile zibuyela kuzo njengoba ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba. Imigudu yamagundane isebenza njengendawo yokukhosela ebusika. Isikhathi sokukhwelana siqala ngoMeyi.
Lapho abesilisa ababili behlangana, balwa ngokududulana phansi. Kodwa azilimazi, isilwane esibuthakathaka sihlala sivuma futhi siyahlehla. Izinyoka ze-Aesculapian zikwazi ukubona ukudlidliza kahle futhi zibe nomuzwa omuhle kakhulu wokuhogela. Ngaphambi kokukhasa endaweni evulekile, ngokuvamile bayasukuma bahlole ingozi. Uma uzibamba, izinyoka ze-Aesculapius zihlala ziluma. Nokho, ukulunywa kwazo akunangozi njengoba kungenabo ubuthi. Izinyoka ze-Aesculapian zivame kakhulu eduze nezindlu.
Abanamahloni futhi abesabi neze abantu. Uma izinyoka ze-Aesculapian zizwa zisongelwa, zingakhipha uketshezi olunuka kabi ezindlala ezikhethekile ezesabisa izitha. Njengazo zonke izinyoka, izinyoka ze-Aesculapian kumele zikhiphe isikhumba sazo njalo ukuze zikwazi ukukhula. Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uthole isikhumba sezinyoka - okuthiwa amahembe ama-adder. Ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukuncibilika, amehlo aba namafu futhi izinyoka zibuyela endaweni yokucasha.
Abangane nezitha zenyoka ye-Aesculapian
Emvelweni, ama-martens, izinyoni ezidla inyama, nezingulube zasendle zingaba yingozi kulezi zinyoka. Amagwababa nama-hedgehog nawo adla izinyoka ezincane ze-Aesculapian. Nokho, isitha esikhulu yindoda. Okokuqala, lezi zindawo ezihlala lezi zinyoka ziya ngokuya zintuleka, kanti kwenye, zithandwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo ze-terrarium futhi ngezinye izikhathi ziyabanjwa naphezu kokuvikelwa ngokuqinile.
Zizala kanjani izinyoka ze-Aesculapian?
Lapho ikhwelana, eyeduna iluma intamo yensikazi futhi yomibili ihlanganisa imisila yayo ngentambo. Baphakamisa imizimba yabo yangaphambili ngesimo sika-S bese bebhekisa amakhanda komunye nomunye. Ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa, ngasekupheleni kukaJuni noma uJulayi, insikazi izalela amahlanu kuya kwayisishiyagalombili, ngezinye izikhathi amaqanda afinyelela kwangama-20 otshanini obugayiwe, izinqwaba zomquba, noma emaphethelweni amasimu. Amaqanda angaba ngamasentimitha angu-4.5 ubude futhi angamasentimitha angu-2.5 kuphela ubukhulu. Izinyoka ezincane zichanyuselwa ngoMandulo.
Bese sebengamasentimitha angama-30 ubude. Onyakeni wabo wokuqala wokuphila, awubaboni nhlobo, njengoba bethatha umhlalaphansi ezindaweni zabo zokuhlala ebusika ngoSepthemba noma ngo-Okthoba. Bavuthwa kuphela ngokocansi lapho sebeneminyaka emine noma emihlanu ubudala.
Zizingela kanjani izinyoka ze-Aesculapian?
Izinyoka ze-Aesculapian zikhasa buthule zikhuphukela esizimbeni sazo bese zisibamba ngemilomo yazo. Okuwukuphela kwenyoka yomdabu, babulala inyamazane yabo ngaphambi kokuyigwinya ngokuyiklinya njenge-boa. Bese beshwabadela ikhanda lezilwane kuqala.