What is Malignant Melanoma in Dogs?

Malignant melanoma is a type of cancer that starts in the cells that produce pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes. In dogs, it is one of the most common tumors of the skin. Malignant melanoma can occur anywhere on the dog’s body but is most commonly found on the head, face, and feet. It is a highly aggressive cancer that can quickly spread to other parts of the body, making early detection and treatment essential.

What Causes Malignant Melanoma in Dogs?

The exact cause of malignant melanoma in dogs is unknown. However, it is believed that genetics and exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation play a role. Dogs with light-colored fur and skin, such as white or light-colored breeds, are more susceptible to UV radiation and a higher risk of developing malignant melanoma. Exposure to chemicals, viruses, and other environmental factors may also increase the risk of developing this cancer.

How is Malignant Melanoma Diagnosed in Dogs?

Malignant melanoma in dogs is diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, biopsy, imaging tests, and blood work. The veterinarian may perform a fine needle aspirate or biopsy to confirm the diagnosis and determine the extent of the cancer. Imaging tests such as X-rays, ultrasound, and CT scans may be used to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of the body. Blood work can also detect any abnormalities that may be associated with the cancer. Early detection is crucial in treating malignant melanoma in dogs.