Selelekela: Tiger Salamanders le Tsosoloso

Li-salamanders tsa li-tiger, tse tsejoang ka saense e le Ambystoma tigrinum, ke libōpuoa tse tsotehang tseo e leng tsa lelapa la Ambystomatidae. Ke matsoalloa a Amerika Leboea 'me a tsebahala haholo ka bokhoni ba ona ba ho nchafatsa likarolo tsa' mele tse senyehileng kapa tse lahlehileng. Ho tsosolosoa ke mokhoa o rarahaneng oa likokoana-hloko o lumellang likokoana-hloko ho nka sebaka kapa ho lokisa lisele tse senyehileng, litho kapa maoto le matsoho. Le hoja liphoofolo tse ngata li na le bokhoni bo itseng ba ho inchafatsa, tekanyo eo li-salamanders tsa nkoe li ka inchafatsang ka eona e tsoteha e le kannete. Sehloohong sena, re tla hlahloba sebopeho sa li-salamanders tsa nkoe, ts'ebetso ea nchafatso, le lits'ebetso tse ka bang teng tsebong ena bakeng sa moriana o nchafatsang oa motho.

Anatomy ea Tiger Salamanders: Likarolo tsa Bohlokoa tsa 'Mele

Ho utloisisa hore na li-salamanders tsa nkoe li nchafatsa joang, ho bohlokoa ho ba le kutloisiso ea mantlha ea sebopeho sa tsona. Li-salamanders tsa li-tiger li na le 'mele o bonolo o nang le hlooho, maoto le mohatla o ikhethang. Ba na le mefuta e mengata ea litho, ho akarelletsa pelo, matšoafo le litho tsa ho ikatisa. 'Mele ea tsona e koahetsoe ke letlalo le boreleli, le mongobo le thusang ho hema. Ho feta moo, li-salamanders tsa nkoe li na le tšobotsi e ikhethang e bitsoang cloaca, e sebetsang e le sebaka se tloaelehileng sa ho tsoa le ho ikatisa. Ho utloisisa likarolo tsa bohlokoa tsa 'mele oa li-salamanders tsa nkoe ho tla re thusa ho ananela boholo ba bokhoni ba bona ba ho tsosolosa.

Tsosoloso e Ncha ea Liphoofolo: Kakaretso e Khutšoanyane

Tsosoloso ke ntho e atileng haholo tikolohong ea liphoofolo. Liphoofolo tse ngata, tse akarelletsang starfish, planarians le mekholutsoane e itseng, li na le matla a ho nchafatsa litho tsa ’mele ka tekanyo e sa tšoaneng. Ho tsosolosoa ho ka etsahala ka mekhoa e 'meli e meholo: epimorphosis le morphallaxis. Epimorphosis e kenyelletsa ho thehoa ha blastema, boima ba lisele tse sa khethollehang tse ka fetohang mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea lisele. Morphallaxis, ka lehlakoreng le leng, e etsahala ha lisele tse seng li ntse li le teng li itlhophisa bocha ho nka sebaka sa likarolo tse lahlehileng kapa tse senyehileng. Ho utloisisa mekhoa ena e fapaneng ea nchafatso ho re thusa ho ananela bokhoni bo ikhethang ba ho nchafatsa ba li-salamanders tsa nkoe.

Matla a Tsosoloso ea Tiger Salamanders

Li-salamanders tsa nkoe li tumme ka bokhoni ba tsona bo ikhethang ba ho inchafatsa. Ha li khone ho nchafatsa maoto le matsoho feela empa le mehatla ea tsona, lesapo la mokokotlo le lisele tse ling tse fapaneng. Ho fapana le liphoofolo tse ling tse ngata, li-salamanders tsa nkoe li ka nchafatsa likarolo tsena tsa 'mele bophelong bohle ba tsona, tsa li etsa mohlala oa bohlokoa oa ho ithuta ho nchafatsa. Ka ho utloisisa bokhoni ba ho tsosolosa li-salamanders tsa tiger, bo-rasaense ba na le tšepo ea ho senola liphiri tsa tsosoloso ea lisele le ho sebelisa tsebo ena meriana ea batho.

Mokhoa oa ho Nchafatsa ho Tiger Salamanders

Mokhoa oa ho nchafatsa li-salamanders tsa nkoe ke letoto la liketsahalo tse rarahaneng le tse laoloang haholo. E qala ka ho thehoa ha leqeba la epithelium le koahelang sebaka sa ho khaola. Epithelium ena e sebetsa e le thibelo e sireletsang 'me e qala ho thehoa ha blastema, sehlopha se khethehileng sa lisele tse tla hlahisa lisele tse ncha. The blastema e feta ho ata ha lisele, ho falla, le ho arohana ho tsosolosa karolo ea 'mele e lahlehileng. Ts'ebetso ena e kenyelletsa ts'ebetso ea litsela tse fapaneng tsa matšoao le ho bokella lisele tsa 'mele. Mekhoa e nepahetseng ea ts'ebetso ena e ntse e ithutoa, empa bokhoni ba ho inchafatsa ba li-salamanders tsa nkoe li fana ka leseli la bohlokoa ketsahalong ena e makatsang.

Lintlha tse Amang Tsosoloso ho Tiger Salamanders

Le hoja li-salamanders tsa tiger li na le bokhoni bo tsotehang ba ho tsosolosa, mokhoa oa ho nchafatsa o ka susumetsoa ke lintlha tse fapaneng. Lilemo tsa salamander, sebaka le ho teba ha kotsi, le bophelo bo botle ba motho ka mong bo ka ama ts'ebetso ea ho tsosolosa. Ho feta moo, lintlha tsa tikoloho tse kang mocheso le phepo e nepahetseng li ka boela tsa susumetsa tsosoloso. Ho utloisisa lintlha tsena ho ka thusa bo-rasaense ho ntlafatsa bokhoni ba ho nchafatsa li-salamanders tsa nkoe le ho sebelisa tsebo ena ho ntlafatsa ntlafatso ea lisele tsa motho.

Tsosoloso ea Maoto: Kamoo Tiger Salamanders e E Etsang

E 'ngoe ea lintlha tse ithutoang ka ho fetesisa tsa tokiso ea nkoe ea salamander ke ho hola hape ha maoto. Ha leoto le khaoloa, salamander e qala letoto la liketsahalo tse fihlang sehlohlolong sa ho hola ha leoto le sebetsang ka botlalo. Leqeba la epithelium, 'me blastema, e entsoeng ka lisele tse sa arohaneng, e qala ho ata le ho khetholla. Joale blastema ena e hlahisa lisele le likarolo tse fapaneng tse fumanehang sethong, ho kopanyelletsa le mesifa, masapo, methapo le methapo ea mali. Leoto le sa tsoa tsoaloa lea hōla butle-butle ’me qetellong le se ke la khetholloa ho leoto la pele. Ho utloisisa ts'ebetso ena e tsotehang ho ka 'na ha e-ba le senotlolo sa ho notlolla ho tsosolosoa ha litho tsa batho.

Tsosoloso ea Mohatla: Bokhoni bo Hlollang ba Tiger Salamanders

Ntle le ho nchafatsa maoto le matsoho, li-salamanders tsa nkoe li na le bokhoni bo hlollang ba ho nchafatsa mehatla ea tsona. Ha mohatla o lahlehile kapa o senyehile, salamander e ka regrow mohatla o felletseng le o sebetsang. Mokhoa ona o kenyelletsa ho thehoa ha blastema, e tšoanang le ho tsosolosoa ha maoto. Joale blastema e kenella ho ata ha lisele le ho arohana ho nchafatsa lisele tse fapaneng tse fumanehang mohatleng, ho kenyelletsa mesifa, letlalo le lesapo la mokokotlo. Nchafatso ea mohatla ho li-salamanders tsa nkoe ke sebaka sa lipatlisiso tse matla tsa mahlale, kaha e fana ka leseli mabapi le nchafatso ea meaho e rarahaneng ho liphoofolo tse nang le lesapo la mokokotlo.

Nchafatso ea Neural: Na Tiger Salamanders e ka Khutlisa Methapo?

Le hoja li-salamanders tsa nkoe li ka tsosolosa lisele tse ngata, tekanyo eo li ka nchafatsang methapo ka eona e ntse e le taba ea lipatlisiso. Ho tsosolosoa ha methapo ke mokhoa o rarahaneng oo hangata o bakang mathata ho liphoofolo tse anyesang, ho akarelletsa le batho. Leha ho le joalo, liphuputso li bontšitse hore li-salamanders tsa nkoe li ka nchafatsa likhoele tsa methapo mokokotlong oa tsona le mohatleng, li fana ka maikutlo a hore li na le bokhoni bo itseng ba ho nchafatsa methapo ea kutlo. Ho utloisisa hore na li-salamanders tsa nkoe li nchafatsa methapo joang li ka fana ka lintlha tsa bohlokoa ho ntlafatsa ho nchafatsoa ha methapo ho batho, haholo-holo maemong a lesapo la mokokotlo.

Meriana e Tsosolosang: Litlhaloso tse tsoang ho Tiger Salamanders

Bokhoni ba ho inchafatsa ba li-salamanders tsa nkoe bo hapile tlhokomelo ea bafuputsi lefapheng la meriana e nchafatsang. Ka ho ithuta mekhoa e tlas'a bokhoni ba bona ba ho tsosolosa, bo-rasaense ba na le tšepo ea ho senola liphiri tsa ho tsosolosoa ha lisele le ho sebelisa tsebo ena meriana ea batho. Ho utloisisa hore na li-salamanders tsa nkoe li nchafatsa maoto le matsoho, mehatla, le methapo e ka 'nang ea e-ba teng joang ho ka lebisa ho nts'etsopele ea maqheka a morao-rao a phekolo bakeng sa ho khothalletsa tsosoloso ea lisele ho batho. Litlhaloso tse fumanoeng ka ho ithuta ka li-salamanders tsa nkoe li ka bula tsela bakeng sa tsoelo-pele e kholo ea meriana e nchafatsang.

Likopo tse ka khonehang: Liphello tsa Batho

Lintho tse sibolotsoeng tse entsoeng ka ho ithuta ka li-salamanders tsa nkoe li na le monyetla oa ho fetola meriana ea batho e nchafatsang. Ka ho utloisisa lits'ebetso tsa cellular le limolek'hule tse amehang ho nchafatseng, bo-ramahlale ba ka khona ho etsa liphekolo tse ncha bakeng sa tokiso ea lisele le tse nchafatsoang. Mohlala, lipatlisiso tsa ho nchafatsa maoto le matsoho ho li-salamanders tsa nkoe li ka lebisa ho maano a macha a ho nchafatsa litho tse khaotsoeng ho batho. Ho phaella moo, lintlha tse fumanoeng ka ho ithuta ho tsosolosoa ha methapo ea kutlo ho li-salamanders tsa tiger li ka kenya letsoho ho nts'etsopele ea phekolo ea likotsi tsa mokokotlo le mathata a mang a tsamaiso ea methapo. Lisebelisoa tse ka bang teng tsa lipatlisiso tsa tiger salamander li kholo ebile li fana ka tšepo bakeng sa ba hlokang liphekolo tse nchafatsang.

Qetello: Tiger Salamanders le Bokamoso ba Tsosoloso

Li-salamanders tsa li-tiger li na le bokhoni bo sa tloaelehang ba ho nchafatsa likarolo tsa 'mele tse senyehileng kapa tse lahlehileng. Bokhoni ba bona ba ho inchafatsa bo hapile tlhokomelo ea bo-ramahlale lefatšeng ka bophara mme ba fana ka leseli la bohlokoa mabapi le ts'ebetso ea ho nchafatsa lisele. Ka ho ithuta mekhoa ea ho tsosolosoa ha li-salamanders tsa tiger, bo-rasaense ba na le tšepo ea ho senola liphiri tsa ketsahalo ena e tsotehang le ho sebelisa tsebo ena meriana ea batho. Lisebelisoa tse ka bang teng tsa lipatlisiso tsa tiger salamander li ngata, ho tloha ho nchafatso ea maoto le matsoho ho ea ho lokisa tsamaiso ea methapo. Ha kutloisiso ea rona ea ho nchafatsa e ntse e hola, li-salamanders tsa nkoe li ka bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho bopeng bokamoso ba meriana e nchafatsang.