Mary Allen
Nhanganyaya: Imbwa Mazuva eZhizha
Izwi rokuti "imbwa mazuva ezhizha" rinoreva nguva inopisa uye inodzvinyirira zvikuru yezhizha, kazhinji pakati paChikunguru naNyamavhuvhu. Inguva apo mamiriro ekunze anowanzo pisa uye asina kumira, uye kupisa kunogona kutadza kushiviririka. Asi shoko iri rakabva kupi? Muchinyorwa chino, tichaongorora kwakabva mutsara uyu uye nekugara kwawakaita.
Ancient Astronomy uye Imbwa Nyeredzi
Mabviro eizwi rekuti "mazuva embwa" anogona kuteedzerwa kumashure kune yekare nyeredzi uye Imbwa Nyeredzi, Sirius. Sirius ndiye nyeredzi inopenya muboka renyeredzi Canis Major, uye yaive chinhu chakakosha chekudenga kune dzakawanda tsika dzekare. VaGiriki vekare nevaRoma vaidavira kuti Sirius ndiye aikonzera kupisa, kuoma kwemamiriro okunze ezhizha, uye kuti kuonekwa kwake mudenga kwairatidza kutanga kwenguva inopisa zvikuru yegore.
Imbwa Yengano, Sirius
Zita rokuti "Sirius" rinobva pashoko rechiGiriki rokuti "kupenya" kana "kupisa," uye nyeredzi yaiwanzobatanidzwa nembwa dzengano mutsika dzekare. Mungano dzechiGiriki, Sirius ainzi imbwa yekuvhima yeOrion the Hunter, uye yaizivikanwa se "Dog Star." Mungano dzeEgipita, Sirius aibatanidzwa namwarikadzi Isis uye aizivikanwa se“Nyeredzi yaNairi,” sezvo kuoneka kwayo mudenga kwairatidzira mafashamo egore negore oRwizi rwaNire.
Kusimuka kweRoma yekare
Sezvo Hushe hweRoma hwakasimuka kuva nesimba, zvitendero zvakakomberedza Sirius neImbwa Nyeredzi zvakawedzera kupararira. VaRoma vaidavira kuti mazuva anopisa zvikuru ezhizha aikonzerwa nokurongeka kwaSirius nezuva, uye vakadana nguva iyi kuti "caniculares dies," kana kuti "mazuva embwa." Izwi iri raishandiswa kureva nguva kubva mukupera kwaChikunguru kusvika kutanga kwaGunyana, apo mamiriro ekunze aipisa zvakanyanya uye achidzvinyirira zvakanyanya.
Caniculares Inofa uye Karenda yeRoma
VaRoma vaisanganisira mazuva embwa mukarenda yavo, iyo yakakamurwa kuva mwedzi gumi nembiri zvichienderana nezvikamu zvemwedzi. Imbwa mazuva akabatanidzwa mumwedzi waAugust, iyo yakatumidzwa zita ramambo Augustus. Mwedzi wacho pakutanga waingova nemazuva 30 chete, asi Augustus akawedzera zuva pauri kuti urebe zvakafanana naJuly, uyo wakapiwa zita raJulius Caesar.
Kutenda Musimba Renyeredzi
VaRoma vekare vaidavira kuti Sirius ane simba uye dzimwe nguva migumisiro ine ngozi panyika. Vaifunga kuti kurongeka kwenyeredzi nezuva kwaigona kukonzera kudengenyeka kwenyika, kupisa muviri, uye kunyange kupenga muvanhu nemhuka. Kuti vazvidzivirire pamigumisiro iyi, vaizoita zvibayiro kuna vanamwari ndokudzivisa zvimwe zvinhu mukati memazuva embwa, zvakadai sokuroora kana kuti kutanga mabhizimisi matsva.
Izwi rokuti "Mazuva Embwa" Inopinda muChirungu
Izwi rokuti "mazuva embwa" rakapinda mumutauro weChirungu muzana remakore rechi16, uye raishandiswa kureva mazuva anopisa, anopisa ezhizha. Muzana ramakore rechi19, mutsara wekuti "imbwa mazuva ezhizha" wakave wakakurumbira mumabhuku netsika, uye kubva zvino wave kutaura kwakajairika kunoshandiswa kurondedzera iyi nguva yegore.
Kukurumbira muMabhuku neTsika
Izwi rokuti "imbwa mazuva ezhizha" rakashandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemabhuku uye tsika dzakakurumbira. Inowanikwa muShakespeare's "Julius Caesar," apo Mark Antony anoti, "Aya ndiwo mazuva embwa, apo mhepo inenge ichiripo." Inowanikwawo mubhuku rinonzi "Kuuraya Mockingbird" naHarper Lee, apo Scout inotsanangura kupisa kwezhizha se "mazuva embwa."
Kushandiswa Kwemazuva Ano uye Kunzwisisa
Nhasi, izwi rokuti "imbwa mazuva ezhizha" rinoshandiswa kurondedzera nguva inopisa uye inodzvinyirira yezhizha, pasinei nokuti Sirius ari kuoneka mudenga. Kunyange zvazvo kutenda musimba renyeredzi kwanyanya kupera, izwi iri rakagara, uye richiri kushandiswa kutsanangura nguva iyi yegore.
Tsanangudzo yeSainzi yeMamiriro ekunze
Nepo zvitendero zvekare zvakatenderedza Sirius nemazuva embwa zvingaite sezvisinganzwisisike kune vezvesainzi vemazuva ano, pane hwaro hwesainzi hwezwi iri. Mazuva embwa anowanzo pindirana nenguva inopisa kwazvo yegore, izvo zvinokonzerwa nemubatanidzwa wezvinhu, kusanganisira kurereka kweakisi yePasi uye kona yemwaranzi yezuva.
Mhedziso: Nhaka Inotsungirira yeMazuva Imbwa
Izwi rekuti "imbwa mazuva ezhizha" rinogona kunge rakatanga muzvitendero zvekare nezvesimba reImbwa Nyeredzi, asi kubva zvino rave dombo rekubata netsika rinogara nanhasi. Tingave tichitenda musimba renyeredzi kana kuti kwete, tose tinogona kubvumirana kuti imbwa mazuva ezhizha inguva iyo mamiriro okunze anogona kunge achipisa zvakanyanya uye asina kugadzikana.
References uye Kuwedzera Kuverenga
- "Imbwa Mazuva eZhizha: Chii? Sei Vachinzi Izvozvo?" naSarah Pruitt, History.com
- "Imbwa Mazuva," naDeborah Byrd, EarthSky
- "Nei Vachinzi 'Imbwa Mazuva' eZhizha?" naMat Soniak, Mental Floss