Nhanganyaya yemutsara wekuti "shanda sembwa"

Mashoko okuti “kushanda sembwa” anowanzoshandiswa kurondedzera munhu ari kushanda nesimba. Idimikira rine mukurumbira rave richishandiswa kwemakore akawanda uye richiri kushandiswa nanhasi. Mutsara uyu unoreva kuti kushanda sembwa kunonetsa uye kunonetsa, uye unoratidza kuti munhu ari kushanda sembwa ari kushandisa simba uye nguva yakawanda mubasa rake.

Mutsara uyu wakashandiswa mumabhuku nemutauro wemazuva ese kwezvizvarwa, uye chave chikamu chetsika dzakakurumbira. Pasinei nekushandiswa kwakapararira, mavambo emutsara wacho haana kujeka. Kune dzidziso dzakawanda pamusoro pekwayakabva, uye zvarinoreva zvakashanduka nekufamba kwenguva. Muchikamu chino, tichaongorora nhoroondo uye zvinoreva mutsara wokuti "kushanda sembwa."

Etymology ye "basa sembwa"

Mabviro chaiwo emutsara wekuti "basa sembwa" hazvizivikanwe, asi zvinotendwa kuti zvakatangira mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechi19. Vamwe vanhu vanodavira kuti mutsara uyu unobva papfungwa yokuti imbwa dzinoshanda nesimba, kunyanya imbwa dzinovhima, dzinoshanda nesimba pakuronda mhuka. Vamwe vanofunga kuti mutsara wacho unobva papfungwa yokuti imbwa dzakavimbika uye dzinoshanda nesimba, uye irumbidzo kumunhu ari kuita zvakawanda.

Mutsara uyu unowanzo shandiswa mukuenzanisa nedzimwe mhuka, dzakaita semabhiza kana manyurusi, ayo aigaro shandiswa kuita basa rakaoma. Zvisinei, imbwa dzinowanzoonekwa sedzakavimbika uye dzinoshanda zvakaoma kupfuura dzimwe mhuka, izvo zvingava chikonzero nei mutsara wave wakakurumbira.

Mabviro angangodaro echirevo

Pane pfungwa dzakawanda dzekuti mutsara wekuti "shanda sembwa" wakabvepi. Vamwe vanhu vanodavira kuti zvinobva papfungwa yokuti imbwa imhuka dzinoshanda nesimba dzinowanzoshandiswa pakuvhima nokufudza. Vamwe vanofunga kuti kunobva papfungwa yokuti imbwa dzakavimbika uye dzinoteerera, uye dzinoshanda nesimba kuna vatenzi vadzo.

Imwe dzidziso ndeyokuti mutsara uyu unobva papfungwa yokuti imbwa dzinowanzoshandiswa pakurinda nekudzivirira, uye dzinoshanda nesimba kuti dzichengetedze varidzi vadzo. Iyi pfungwa inotsigirwa nechokwadi chokuti imbwa dzakawanda dzinoshanda dzinoshandiswa kuchengetedza nekudzivirira.

Pasinei nekwaakabva chaiko, mutsara wokuti “shanda sembwa” wave chirevo chakakurumbira chinoshandiswa kutsanangura kushanda nesimba uye kuzvipira.

Kushandiswa kwe "basa sembwa" muzvinyorwa

Mutsara wekuti "basa sembwa" wave uchishandiswa mumabhuku kwemakore akawanda. Mumutambo waWilliam Shakespeare "Julius Caesar," mutambi Cassius anoti, "Varume pane imwe nguva ndivo vatenzi vematambudziko avo: / Mhosva, mudiwa Brutus, haisi munyeredzi dzedu, / Asi mukati medu, kuti isu tiri pasi. / Brutus uye Kesari: Chii chinofanira kuva muna 'Kesari'? / Sei zita iroro richifanira kukudzwa kupfuura renyu? / Nyora pamwe chete, zita rako rakafanana nezita rakanaka; / Rire, rinova muromowo; / , inorema; conjure with 'em, / Brutus achatanga mweya nokukurumidza saKesari. / Zvino, mumazita evamwari vose panguva imwe chete, / Uyu Kesari wedu anofudza nyama ipi, / Kuti akura yakakura kudaro? Zera, iwe wakanyadziswa! / Roma, wakarasikirwa nerudzi rweropa rakanaka! Kusvikira zvino, iyo yakataura nezveRoma, / Kuti masvingo ayo akafara akakomberedza murume mumwe chete? akanzwa madzibaba edu achiti, / Paiva neBrutus kamwechete iyo ingadai yakave yakanyunguduka / Th' dhiyabhorosi asingagumi kuti achengetedze nyika yake muRoma / Sezviri nyore samambo.

Mutsara uyu unoshandiswawo mubhuku rinonzi "Kuuraya Mockingbird" naHarper Lee. Mubhuku, mutambi Jem anoti kuna Scout, "Ndinopika, Scout, dzimwe nguva unoita zvakanyanya semusikana zviri mortifyin '." Scout inopindura, "Ndine urombo, Jem." Jem anoti, "Ini handigoni kuzvibatsira. Tinofanira kuramba tichidaro, Scout. Atticus anoti zvakanaka kuzvamburwa, asi kwete kutora mukana kune vanhu vashoma. Anotiwo zvakanaka kushanda sembwa, asi kwete. kuita seumwe." Kushandiswa kwechirevo uku kunoreva kuti kushanda sembwa chinhu chakanaka, asi kuita sembwa handizvo.

Kushandiswa kwe "basa sembwa" mumutauro wemazuva ose

Mutsara wekuti "shanda sembwa" idimikira rinowanzoshandiswa mumutauro wemazuva ese kutsanangura kushanda nesimba uye kuzvipira. Inowanzoshandiswa kurondedzera mumwe munhu ari kuisa simba rakawanda uye nguva mubasa rake.

Somuenzaniso, kana mumwe munhu ari kushanda kwemaawa akawanda uye achiisa simba rakawanda, angati, "Ndanga ndichishanda sembwa munguva pfupi yapfuura." Saizvozvowo, kana mumwe munhu ari kushanda purojekiti yakaoma kana basa, vangati, "Ndichafanira kushanda sembwa kuti izvi zviitwe nenguva."

Mutsara unowanzoshandiswa nenzira yakanaka, serumbidzo kune mumwe munhu ari kushanda nesimba. Zvisinei, inogonawo kushandiswa nenzira isina kunaka, kureva kuti mumwe munhu ari kushanda zvakanyanya kana kuti haasi kutora nguva yakakwana.

Mitsara yakafanana mune mimwe mitauro uye tsika

Pfungwa yekushanda sembwa haisi yechiRungu chete. Mimwe mitauro yakawanda netsika dzine mashoko akafanana anotsanangura kushanda nesimba uye kuzvipira.

Somuenzaniso, muchiSpanish, mutsara wokuti "trabajar como un burro" (kushanda sembongoro) unoshandiswa kutsanangura kushanda nesimba. MuchiFrench, mashoko okuti “travailler comme un fou” (kushanda somunhu anopenga) anoshandiswa kurondedzera mumwe munhu ari kushanda nesimba zvikuru.

MuchiJapan, mashoko okuti “inu no yō ni hataraku” (kushanda sembwa) anoshandiswa kutsanangura munhu ari kushanda nesimba. Mumutauro wokuChina, mashoko okuti “lao gong lao ren” (kushanda somurume nomudzimai) anoshandiswa kurondedzera murume nomudzimai vari kushanda pamwe chete kuti vazadzise chinangwa chimwe chete.

Imbwa sezviratidzo zvekushanda nesimba uye kuvimbika

Imbwa dzakashandiswa sezviratidzo zvekushanda nesimba uye kuvimbika kwemakore mazhinji. Anowanzobatanidzwa nekuvhima, kufudza, uye kurinda, ayo ose ari mabasa anoda kushanda nesimba uye kuzvipira.

Mutsika dzakawanda, imbwa dzinoonekwa semhuka dzakavimbika uye dzinoteerera dzichashanda zvakasimba kune vatenzi vadzo. Kuvimbika uku uye kuteerera hunhu hunokosheswa zvakanyanya mumabasa mazhinji, kusanganisira kuita mutemo, kutsvaga nekununura, uye kurapwa.

Imbwa dzinoshandiswawo sezviratidzo zvekushanda nesimba uye kutsunga mumitambo uye mamwe mabasa emakwikwi. Somuenzaniso, mumujaho wembwa dzine chireyi, imbwa dzinodzidziswa kushanda pamwe chete seboka uye kukunda zvipingamupinyi nematambudziko.

Misiyano pakati pemadzinza uye maitiro avo ekushanda

Hadzisi imbwa dzese dzakasikwa dzakaenzana kana zvasvika pakubata basa. Dzimwe mombe dzinozivikanwa nekushanda nesimba uye kuzvipira, nepo dzimwe dzakazorora uye dzakasununguka.

Semuenzaniso, mhando dzakaita seBorder Collie neAustralian Cattle Dog dzinozivikanwa nekuda kwesimba radzo uye maitiro ekushanda. Mhuka idzi dzinowanzo shandiswa pakufudza uye mamwe marudzi ebasa repapurazi, uye dzinoda kukurudzirwa kwemuviri nepfungwa kuti munhu afare uye ane hutano.

Dzimwe dzinza, senge English Bulldog neBasset Hound, dzinozivikanwa nehunhu hwadzo hwakasununguka uye hwakasununguka. Aya marudzi haawanzo kushandiswa kushanda nesimba, asi anogona kuramba ari shamwari huru uye mhuka dzemhuri.

Basa rembwa dzinoshanda munhoroondo

Imbwa dzakaita basa rinokosha munhoroondo yevanhu, kunyanya kana zvasvika pakushanda nekushanda. Imbwa dzave dzichishandiswa pakuvhima, kufudza, kurinda, uye kunyange semhuka dzinotakura zvinhu.

Kare, imbwa dzaishandiswa pakuvhima nekuronda mhuka. Vaishandiswawo kufudza nekuchengetedza zvipfuyo. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, imbwa dzave dzichishandiswa kusimbisa mutemo, kutsvaga nekununura, uye kurapwa.

Imbwa dzinoshanda dzakaitawo basa rinokosha munhoroondo yehondo. Imbwa dzakashandiswa mabasa akasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kutakura mameseji, kuona zvimbambaira uye zvinoputika, uye kunyange kurwisa varwi vevavengi.

Kushandiswa kwembwa munzvimbo dzebasa dzemazuva ano

Imbwa dzinoramba dzichiita basa rinokosha munzvimbo yemazuva ano yebasa. Makambani akawanda anobvumira vashandi kuti vauye nembwa dzavo kuti dzishande, uye vamwe vanotova nembwa dzehofisi dzakadzidziswa kupa rubatsiro rwepfungwa uye nyaradzo.

Pamusoro pezvo, imbwa dzinoshandiswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzehunyanzvi, kusanganisira kuita mutemo, kutsvaga nekununura, uye kurapwa. Imbwa idzi dzakanyatsodzidziswa kuita mamwe mabasa uye kushanda munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana.

Kushandiswa kwembwa munzvimbo dzebasa kwakaratidza kuti kune zvikomborero zvakawanda, zvinosanganisira kuwedzera kubereka, kuderedza kushungurudzika, uye kuvandudzwa kwetsika.

Remangwana remutsara wekuti "shanda sembwa"

Mashoko okuti “kushanda sembwa” ave achishandiswa kwemakore akawanda uye angangoramba achishandiswa mune ramangwana. Nepo kwakabva mutsara uyu kungave kusingazivikanwe, zvarinoreva uye kukosha kwaro zvakashanduka nekufamba kwenguva.

Sezvo imbwa dzichiramba dzichiita basa rinokosha muupenyu hwedu, mutsara wokuti “kushanda sembwa” ungangoramba uchishandiswa kutsanangura kushanda nesimba uye kuzvipira. Nekudaro, sezvo manzwisisiro atinoita imbwa nekwaniso dzadzo pazvinokura, mutsara uyu unogona kutora zvirevo zvitsva uye masangano.

Mhedziso: nhaka inogara ye "basa sembwa"

Mutsara wokuti “shanda sembwa” wave uchishandiswa kwemakore akawanda uye uchiri kushandiswa nanhasi. Kunyange zvazvo kwayakabva chaiko kungave kusazivikanwa, zvarinoreva uye kukosha kwaro zvakashanduka nekufamba kwenguva.

Imbwa dzakashandiswa sezviratidzo zvekushanda nesimba uye kuvimbika kwemakore mazhinji, uye dzinoramba dzichiita basa rinokosha muupenyu hwedu. Sezvo manzwisisiro atinoita imbwa nemano adzo achikura, mutsara wokuti "shanda sembwa" unogona kutora zvirevo zvitsva uye masangano.

Pasinei neramangwana rayo, mutsara unoti "