Nhanganyaya kune Natterjack Toad

The Natterjack Toad, nesainzi inozivikanwa seEpidalea calamita, imhando yemachura anowanikwa kunyanya kuEurope. Iyo ndeyemhuri yeBufonidae uye inozivikanwa nekuda kwayo yakasarudzika yero mutsara kuzasi kwayo. Izwi rekuti "natterjack" rinobva pazita rayo rechiGerman "Natterkröte," zvichireva kudana kwakasiyana kwechigunwe. Muchikamu chino, tichaongorora zvakasiyana-siyana zveNatterjack Toad, kusanganisira maitiro ayo emuviri, kugovera, maitiro, kubereka, kudya, kutyisidzira, kugadzirisa, kushamwaridzana nemamwe marudzi, kushamwaridzana kwevanhu, uye kukosha kwayo mukutsvakurudza kwezvisikwa.

Hunhu Hwenyama hweNatterjack Toad

Iyo Natterjack Toad idiki diki amphibian, inoyera kutenderera 6 kusvika 8 cm kureba. Iine muviri wakasimba une hunhu hweyero mudorsal mutsetse unobva kumusoro kusvika kumuswe wayo. Ganda rayo rine uturu uye rakakwasharara, richidzivirira pazvikara. Mavara echuchi anosiyana kubva pagrey kusvika kugirinhi yemuorivhi, zvichiita kuti iwirirane neyakaipoteredza. Iine mhuno pfupi, yakatenderedzwa uye maziso akatanhamara ane matinji akamira. Mitezo yeshure yakagadziridzwa zvakanaka, inofambisa kufamba nekukurumidza.

Kugovera uye Habitat yeNatterjack Toad

Iyo Natterjack Toad ine kupararira kwakapararira asi kwakakamukana muEurope yose. Inogona kuwanikwa munyika dzakasiyana siyana, kusanganisira United Kingdom, Ireland, France, Spain, Italy, uye Germany. Mukati meidzi nharaunda, datya rinogara mumhenderekedzo dzegungwa dzejecha, nzvimbo dzinopisa, uye nzvimbo dzine jecha dzakaderera. Inofarira nzvimbo dzekugara dzakavhurika dzine ivhu rejecha risina kusimba uye manyuko emvura akawanda, semadziva asina kudzika, madziva, uye dune slacks. Idzi nzvimbo dzekugara dzinopa mamiriro akanaka ekuberekesa uye pekugara.

Maitiro ekuzvibata eNatterjack Toad

Iyo Natterjack Toad inonyanya kuita husiku, ichive inoshanda panguva yemanheru kudzivirira zvikara uye kutonhora kwakanyanya. Imhando inonzwika zvikuru, ichiburitsa ruzha rwakasiyana panguva yekuberekesa. Kufona, kwakafanana neruzha rwekuridza mhere, kazhinji kunofananidzwa neruzha rwunoitwa neinjini yetirakita iri kure. Izwi iri rinoshanda kukwezva vakadzi uye kumisa ndima. Guta imhuka inochera mugomba, inopedza nguva yakawanda iri pasi pevhu mukati mezuva kuchengetedza unyoro uye kugadzirisa tembiricha yemuviri.

Kubereka uye Hupenyu hweNatterjack Toad

Nguva yekuberekesa yeNatterjack Toads inowanzoitika pakati paApril naJune, ichienderana nemwedzi inodziya yegore. Hono dzinoungana pamadziva ekuberekesa uye dzinoridza mhere-mhere kuti dzikwezve hadzi. Kana munhukadzi achinge anyengerwa, kusvirana kunoitika mumvura, apo mukono unobata hadzi kubva kumashure nenzira inozivikanwa seamplexus. Hadzi inobva yakandira tambo refu dzemazai, anonamatira pazvinomera zviri pasi pemvura. Mushure memavhiki matatu, mazai anochochonya kuita tadpoles, izvo zvinopinda mumetamorphosis kuita tudiki diki mukati memavhiki masere kusvika gumi.

Kudya uye Kudyisa Tsika dzeNatterjack Toad

Natterjack Toads vane mukana wekudyisa, vachidya chikafu chakasiyana chinonyanyo sanganisira invertebrates. Zvokudya zvavo zvinosanganisira zvipembenene, dandemutande, makonye, ​​hozhwa, uye zvimwe zvipuka zvidiki zvisina musana zvinowanikwa munzvimbo dzavanogara. Vane unyanzvi hwekubata mhuka, inozivikanwa se "kubhururuka-kubata," apo vanokurumidza kuwedzera rurimi rwavo rwakanamira kuti vabate tupembenene tunobhururuka. Iyi nzira yekudyisa inovabvumira kubata zvinobatwa munzvimbo dzavo dzine jecha, uko kudzingirira tumbuyu tunokurumidza kukurumidza kunogona kuve kwakaoma.

Kutyisidzira uye Kuchengetedza Mamiriro eNatterjack Toad

Iyo Natterjack Toad inotarisana nekutyisidzira kwakawanda pakurarama kwayo. Kurasika kwenzvimbo yekugara uye kuparara kunokonzerwa nekukura kwemadhorobha, kurima, uye kuvandudzwa kwemahombekombe kunoisa njodzi huru kuhuwandu hwavo. Kusvibiswa kwemakemikari nefetereza inoshandiswa mukurima kunokanganisawo nzvimbo dzavanoberekera. Zvisikwa zvinoparadza, zvakadai sehove dzinodya uye zvinomera, zvinogona kukanganisa zvisikwa zvadzo. Pamusoro pezvo, kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kukwira kwemvura yemugungwa kunogona kukanganisa nzvimbo dzavanogara pamahombekombe. Nekuda kweizvozvo, Natterjack Toad yakanyorwa serudzi rwekuchengetedza kunetseka munyika dzinoverengeka.

Adaptation uye Kupona Strategies yeNatterjack Toad

Iyo Natterjack Toad ine akati wandei magadzirirwo ayo anobatsira mukupona kwayo. Ganda rayo rine nyuchi rinopa dziviriro pazvikara nekuita kuti isanakidze uye inonetsa kumedza. Kugona kuchera kwechichura kunoibatsira kudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya uye kuderedza kurasika kwemvura. Kudanwa kwayo kwakasiyana kunoshanda sechombo chekutaurirana panguva yemwaka wekuberekesa, zvichibvumira vanhu kuti vawane vavakaroorana navo uye vatange matunhu. Uyezve, Natterjack Toad inoratidza kuputika kubereka, kutora mukana wemadziva emvura kwenguva pfupi kuderedza kukwikwidza uye kudzvinyirirwa panguva yakakosha yekubereka.

Kudyidzana Nezvimwe Zvisikwa muEcosystem

Iyo Natterjack Toad inoita basa rakakosha mune yayo ecosystem, zvese sechikara uye mhuka. Semhuka inodya, inobatsira kudzora huwandu hwezvipembenene uye zvimwe zvipembenene zvisingaite, zvichibatsira kuenzana kweiyo ecosystem. Pamusoro pezvo, todhi inoshanda sechikafu chezvikara zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira shiri, zvinokambaira, mhuka dzinoyamwisa, uye hombe amphibians. Maitiro ayo ekuchera anobatsirawo mukufemesa kwevhu uye kutenderera kwezvikafu. Kudyidzana pakati peNatterjack Toad nemamwe marudzi kunoratidza kubatana uye kuoma kwehukama hwezvakatipoteredza.

Kudyidzana Kwevanhu neNatterjack Toad

Kudyidzana kwevanhu neNatterjack Toad kunosiyana zvichienderana nenharaunda uye kuedza kuchengetedza munzvimbo. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, toad inopembererwa nekuda kwemaitiro ayo akasiyana uye ndiyo inotarisa zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza. Zvirongwa izvi zvine chinangwa chekuchengetedza nekudzoreredza pekugara, kusimudzira ruzivo, nekusimudzira maitiro ekutonga ivhu. Mune mamwe matunhu, mabasa evanhu anotyisidzira kurarama kwayo, sekuparadza nzvimbo dzinogara vanhu uye kusvibiswa. Kuenzanisa zvido zvevanhu uye kuchengetedzwa kweNatterjack Toad kwakakosha pakurarama kwayo kwenguva refu.

Tsvagiridzo uye Kudzidza kweNatterjack Toad

Iyo Natterjack Toad inyaya yekutsvagisa kwesainzi uye kudzidza, kunyanya yakatarisana neiyo biology, ecology, uye kuchengetedza. Vatsvaguri vanoongorora zvinhu zvinopesvedzera huwandu hwayo hwehuwandu, maitiro ekuzvara, mafambiro ekufamba, uye pekugara zvinodiwa. Kunzwa kweToad kune shanduko yezvakatipoteredza kunoita kuti ive chiratidzo chakakosha chekutarisa hutano hweecosystem. Pamusoro pezvo, kuedza kunoitwa kuona uye kuderedza kutyisidzira, kugadzira zvirongwa zvekutonga, uye kusimudzira ruzivo rweveruzhinji kuburikidza nedzidzo uye zvirongwa zvekusvika.

Mhedziso: Kukosha uye Kukosha kweNatterjack Toad

Iyo Natterjack Toad inobata zvakakosha ecological kukosha senhengo yakakosha yeecosystem yayo. Hurukuro hwayo hwakasiyana, maitiro, uye kudyidzana zvinopa kuenzana kwese uye kushanda kwenzvimbo. Nekudaro, mhuka idzi dzinotarisana nekutyisidzirwa kwakawanda, zvichiratidza kukosha kwekuedza kuchengetedza kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzayo uye kuve nechokwadi chekurarama kwayo kwenguva refu. Kuburikidza nekutsvagisa, dzidzo, uye manejimendi epasi, zvinogoneka kuchengetedza Natterjack Toad uye kusimudzira kuchengetedzwa kwezvisina kusimba zvezvipenyu zvezvizvarwa zvinotevera kuti zvifarire nekudzidza kubva.