Kufamba Shizha: Easy-care Camouflage Artist

"Huh, ndaifunga kuti mashizha zvirimwa?!", "Shizha rakanyatsofamba here?" Kana kuti “Izvi hazvidaviriki!” Matauriro aunogona kunzwa kakawanda kana zvasvika pakusangana kwako kekutanga neKufamba Mashizha. Kana kuti seaimbova mudzidzi wangu akazvitaura muchidimbu: “Wow! Yakazara LOL ".

Kufamba Mashizha?

Mashizha anofamba akavharidzirwa zvakakwana zvipembenene zvisingagoni kusiyaniswa kubva kune "chaiyo" mashizha kunze (kunyanya mumashizha, rega musango!) Uye zvakare kufadza mune maitiro avo. Somuenzaniso, kana dzikapeperetswa, dzinozununguka semashizha ari mumhepo. Munguva yekushanduka-shanduka, camouflage, iyo yesayenzi yakarurama se "mimetic", yakagadzirisa uye inoshanda kudzivirira kubva kune zvikara. Zvechokwadi, avo vasina kuwanikwa havazogumisi pachirevo chechirevo.

Mashizha anofamba akavharika zvekuti kunyange vachengeti vane ruzivo vanowana zvakaoma kuona tumbuyu uhu mumashizha. Nenzira, kutevera chiitiko chinogara chichinakidza uye chinopa mafaro. Uye kana iwe uchibata zvakanyanya nemhuri iyi yezvipembenene, iwe unodzidzawo kutarisa zvakanyanya - chimwe chinhu chisingawanzoitiki munguva yedu inokurumidza kufamba. Pamusoro pekunakidzira kwavanoita vanhu, mashizha ekufamba anewo mukana wakasarudzika: Iwo ari nyore kwazvo kuchengeta uye saka akakodzerawo kune vanotanga mune terraristics.

Mashizha anofamba haasi kungofamba mashizha, nokuti mukati memhuri iyi yezvipembenene, zvakapoteredza 50 marudzi anosiyaniswa, kana kuti mhando dzakawanda dzakatsanangurwa nesayenzi kusvika ikozvino. Sezvo mutero mutsva uchigara uchiwanikwa, zvinogona kufungidzirwa kuti nhamba ichawedzera mune ramangwana.

Nokuda kwekuchengetwa uye kutarisirwa kwemashizha anofamba, zvisinei, kwete kuti marudzi mazhinji anouya mubvunzo. Mhando dzakawanda dzinowanikwa muGermany terrariums zvichida Phyllium siccifolium kubva kuPhilippines. Mamwe masayendisiti ane maonero ekuti mhuka iyi, iyo inochengetwa muEurope, imhando yakasiyana inogona kunzi Phyllium philippinicum. Zvisinei, maonero aya haana kugoverwa nenyanzvi dzose. Vatsoropodzi vanopokana kuti mutero wekupedzisira unongori musanganiswa usina kutaurwa. Iva sezvazvingaite: Kana ukatsvaga Kufamba Mashizha pamawebhusaiti akakodzera, mhuka dzinopihwa pasi pemazita ese ari maviri anogona kuchengetwa nemamiriro ekuchengeta akanyorwa pazasi.

Pamusoro peBiology uye Biological Systematics

Mhuri yemashizha ekufamba (Phylliidae) ndeyekurongeka kwechipoko chinotyisa (Phasmatodea, gr. Phasma, ghost), iyo inosanganisirawo chaiyo ghost horror uye chipembenene chetsvimbo. Panyaya yekufamba mashizha, varume nevakadzi vanoonekwa zvakasiyana zvikuru kubva kune mumwe. Iyi dimorphism yepabonde yePhyllium inoratidzwa, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, mukukwanisa kwayo kubhururuka. Hadzi dzisingabhururuka dzakakura zvakanyanya uye dzinorema kudarika hono dzinobhururuka uye dzine mapapiro akaomarara zvachose. Hono dzacho dzakatetepa muchimiro, dzakareruka pakurema, uye dzine membranous, mapapiro emberi maduku zvikuru. Mamwe mashizha anofamba anokwanisa chizvarwa chemhandara (parthenogenesis), i. H. Vanhukadzi vanokwanisa kubereka vana kunyangwe pasina murume. Parthenogenesis inoonekwa seyakasimbiswa muPhyllium giganteum uye Phyllium bioculatum.

Kubva pamaonero ehupenyu, zvinonyanya kufadza kuona kuvandudzwa kwemakumbo kana kuona kuti mashizha anofamba akafa sei (yakafa-yakafa reflex inozivikanwa se thanatose) pavanonzwa kutyisidzirwa.

Kugovera Kwakasikwa, Kudya, uye Mararamiro

Kugoverwa kwepanyama kwePhylliidae kunobva kuSeychelles kuburikidza neIndia, China, Philippines, Indonesia, neNew Guinea kusvika kuFiji Islands. Nzvimbo huru yekugovera iSoutheast Asia. Phyllium siccifolium inowanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana muIndia, China, Malaysia, uye Philippines. Mumusha unopisa uye wepasi, phytophagous (= mashizha-kudya) zvipembenene zvevhu zvinodya mashizha e guava, mango, rhambutane, cocoa, mirabilis, nezvimwewo B. blackberry (evergreen!), Raspberry, wild rose, etc. kushandiswa, asiwo mashizha e sessile uye Chirungu oak.

Mafungiro uye Hanya

Kushandiswa kweterrarium kunokosha pakuchengetedza uye kutarisira mashizha ekufamba. Kune izvi, mabhokisi egonye, ​​girazi terrariums, uye zvenguva pfupi zvakare epurasitiki terrariums akakodzera. Chero zvazvingava, iwe unofanirwa kubhadhara kune zvakanaka ventilation. Ivhu rinogona kuvharwa ne peat kana neakaoma, inorganic substrate (e.g. vermiculite, matombo). Izvo zvakare zvine musoro kuratidza pepa rekicheni, sezvo zviri nyore kuunganidza mazai. Zvisinei, basa rekushanda kana pasi rakafukidzwa rakanyanya kuderera pane apo mupumburu wekicheni unochinjwa vhiki nevhiki. Dzimwe nguva chifukidziro cheorganic kana kuti inorganic chinofanira kutsiviwa zvakadaro sezvo tsvina yemhuka neimwe nzira inova isingataridzike uye isina utsanana. Unofanira kungwarira kuti usarase mazai pasina chikonzero.

Iwe haufaniri kusarudza saizi yeterrarium yakanyanya kudiki. Kune vakaroorana vakura, saizi shoma inofanira kuva 25 cm x 25 cm x 40 cm (kureba!), Nenhamba huru yemhuka dzinovaraidza maererano nezvimwe. Ingoisa matavi akachekwa emiti yefosho mumudziyo mu terrarium uye uvatsive nguva dzose. Iwe unofanirwa kudzivirira mashizha anoora uye huni huni nekuda kwezvikonzero zvechirwere.

Kuwedzera kuiswa kwezvigero zvemvura hazvidiwi, sezvo zvipembenene zvinowanzotora mvura inodiwa kuburikidza nezvirimwa zvavanodya. Asi iwe unogonawo kutarisa mhuka kakawanda mukuchengetedza, kushingaira kupinza madonhwe emvura pamashizha uye pamadziro. Vanhukadzi vakura kunyanya vanoda mvura yakawanda. Kupisa mu terrarium kunofanira kunge kuri pamusoro pe20 ° C. Iwe haufaniri kudarika 27 ° C. 23 ° C ndiyo yakanaka. Pano iwe unogona kuona hupamhi hwekuita kwemhuka uye zvirwere zvinowanzoitika zvishoma.

Kuti uite izvi, unogona kubatanidza mwenje wekupisa kana kushandisa tambo yekupisa kana tambo yekupisa. Neaya maviri ekupedzisira-adudzwa ehunyanzvi anobatsira, unofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti mudziyo une zvirimwa zveforoji hausi kutarisana zvakananga nehita, sezvo mvura inozopisa zvakanyanya uye maitiro ekuora mukufamba, basa risingakodzeri (kazhinji kazhinji. kuchinja kwezvirimwa zveforoji) uye pamwe zvinokonzeresa zvirwere. Mumakamuri akawanda ekugara, zvisinei, tembiricha yemukati ye terrarium inogona kusvikwa kuburikidza neyakajairwa tembiricha yekamuri. Humidity inofanira kunge iri pakati pe60 ne80%. Waterlogging inofanirwa kudzivirirwa nekuda kwehutano. Ita shuwa kuti pane mhepo inotenderera yakakwana!

ZANO

Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, ndinokurudzira kuti usasa mvura yakasvibiswa mu terrarium zuva rega rega - nemvura yepombi kune limescale deposits pamadziro egirazi - nerubatsiro rwebhodhoro respray. Haufanire kupfapfaidza mhuka zvakananga, sezvo utachiona hunogona kugara uye huchiwanda panzvimbo dzisingaomesi dzemvura pane exoskeleton. Neimwe nzira, unogona kushandisa ultrasonic fogger. Zvisinei, tangi yemvura inodiwa inofanira kucheneswa nguva dzose uye inotorawo nzvimbo yakati wandei. Asi iyo ultrasonic fogger yakanakira kutarisira mhuka pakupera kwevhiki. Izvo zvinonzi rainforest spray systems zvakare zvinofungidzirwa mumusimboti. Kuti utarise tembiricha uye hunyoro, iwe unofanirwa kuisa thermometer uye hygrometer mu terrarium.

mhedziso

Mashizha anofamba zvipembenene zvinofadza zviri nyore kutarisira uye zvisingadhuri kuchengeta, uye zvinogona "kusunga" iwe kwemakore.