Iyo Inoumba Imbwa Hunhu

Hunhu hwembwa hunokura sei? Uye hunhu hwake hwakapiwa kwaari nokusingaperi here? Nyanzvi inotsanangura.

Panyaya yehunhu, imbwa dzinofanirwa kuenderana nemuridzi wadzo kana basa radzo zvakakwana sezvinobvira. Chikonzero chakakwana kuti sayenzi inyatsoongorora unhu hwembwa. Kunyanya ndiko kuenderera kunoumba pfungwa yehunhu. "Unhu hunobva mukusiyana kwemaitiro kusingadzoreki nekufamba kwenguva uye mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana," anotsanangura kudaro nyanzvi yezvehunhu hwezvinhu zvipenyu Stefanie Riemer anobva kuVetsuisse Faculty paYunivhesiti yeBern. Hunhu hunogona kuverengerwa pakati pehunhu hwakasiyana-siyana. Kushamwaridzana, kutamba, kusatya, hukasha, kudzidzira, uye hunhu hwemagariro zviri pamberi. Kushungurudzika kushivirira ndeimwe yehunhu, sezvakaratidzwa naRiemer mubasa rake.

Saizvozvo, zvikonzero zvekubuda kwehunhu hwakadaro hazvisi zvishoma. Sevanhu, majini, zvakatipoteredza, uye zvakaitika zvinokanganisa hunhu hweshamwari dzedu dzine makumbo mana. Sekureva kwaRiemer, misiyano ine chekuita nekubereka mune maitiro akanyanya genetic. Zvisinei, panguva imwe cheteyo, musayendisiti anorambidza kuti: “Zvisinei, hatigoni kufanotaura unhu hunobva panhangemutange yacho.” Hazvigoneke kutsanangura hunhu kubva munhangemutange, kana kubva paunhu kuenda kurudzi rwekufungidzira. “Kunyange zvazvo mamwe maitiro achinyanya kutaurwa paavhareji mune mamwe marudzi pane mamwe, imbwa yega yega munhu,” anotsanangura kudaro Riemer.

Majini anoguma mune imwe chete predisposition - kutaura kwacho kunonyanya kutsanangurwa nemamiriro ekunze. “Rini uye kuti ma<em>gene anobatidzwa kana kuti kudzimwa rini, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, zvinoenderana nezvakaitika kune munhu mumwe nomumwe kana kuti kunyange nemararamiro emadzitateguru,” anodaro Riemer. Izvi ndizvo zvinobata nesainzi ichiri diki ye epigenetics, iyo inoratidza kuti zviitiko zvinogonawo kugarwa nhaka.

Mai Chengetai Vaida

Kutya uye kushushikana zvakanyanya kunoratidzika sezvinhu zvinogadzirisa, izvo, maererano nemaitiro biologist, kunyange kuchinja uropi. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha mune yechipiri trimester yekuzvitakura, chikamu chakakosha chekukura kwehuropi. “Kana amai vakava nedzvinyiriro yakakomba panguva ino, ikoku kunowanzotungamirira kukunzwa kwakawedzerwa kwokunetseka muvana vavo.” Chimwe chikonzero nei vana vembwa dzemumugwagwa vakawanda vachifungira vanhu. Shamwari dzemakumbo mana dzakaiwana "mumubhedha", sekutaura. Kubva pakuona kwekushanduka-shanduka, izvi zvine musoro wakakwana: vana vakanyatsogadzirirwa kunharaunda iyo vangangokurira.

Pesvedzero yepakutanga-tanga mushure mekusununguka ndiyo inotongawo. Mhuka dzaamai dzine hanya, dzinotarisira uye dzinonanzva zvipfuwo zvadzo zvikuru, kazhinji dzine vana vakawanda vasingatyi kushushikana kupfuura vanaamai vasina hanya. "Chokwadi chokuti munyaya iyi kuchengetwa kwaamai - uye kwete zvikonzero zvekuberekwa - kunonyanya kuzivikanwa kubva mune zvidzidzo umo vakomana vevanaamai vane hanya uye vasina hanya vakachinjwa uye vakarerwa naamai vokune imwe nyika," anotsanangura kudaro Riemer.

Nekudaro, zvakazoitika munguva yekudyidzana zvine simba pahunhu hwembwa kuitira kuti hunhu hwemunhu hwega husakwanise kufanotaurwa pazera remavhiki mashoma. Musayendisiti, saka, anofunga zvishoma nezvekuedzwa kwemunhu munguva ino yenguva, yakadai se "puppy test". "Ichi chingori chifananidzo muzuva rimwe chete." Muchidzidzo chavo, hunhu humwe chete hwaigona kufanotaurwa pamavhiki matanhatu ezera. "Imbwa dzairatidza maitiro akawanda ekuongorora dzakaramba dzichidaro sevakuru."

Haisi nguva dzose Mhosva yaTenzi

Iyo hunhu hwebiologist inozivawo kubva mukutsvagisa kwake kuti hunhu hunototora hunhu hwakagadzikana pazera remwedzi mitanhatu. "Kunyange kana hunhu hukachinja zvishoma nezera, maitiro anoramba akatsiga kana achienzaniswa nevezera ravo," anodaro Riemer. "Imbwa dzinonyanya kuzvidya mwoyo kupfuura vezera radzo pamwedzi mitanhatu dzichiri kuratidza tsika iyi pamwedzi gumi nemisere." Saizvozvowo, vana vezera rimwe chete vakafumurwa vanodawo kuva nevamwe vanhu. Chero bedzi nharaunda inoramba yakagadzikana. Kunyanguvezvo, zvinoitika zvakakomba zvinogona kutungamirira kuchinjo dzohunhu kunyange pashure penguva yakati.

Uyezve, varidzi vembwa uye conspecifics vanoitawo basa. Ose ari maviri anokanganisa hunhu hwembwa nemaitiro adzo ega. Muongorori wekuHungary Borbála Turcsán akaratidza kuti dzimwe imbwa mumba dzinobatsira sei kuumba zvimiro zvedzimwe imbwa dzadzo: Imbwa dzaichengetwa dzakafanana nemuridzi wadzo pahunhu, nepo hunhu hwembwa mudzimba dzine imbwa dzakawanda dzaipindirana.

Imwe ongororo yeHungary yakaitwa naAnna Kis yakawana kuti varidzi vane neurotic vanopa mhuka dzavo mirairo kakawanda kupfuura vamwe pakudzidzisa imbwa. Varidzi vembwa vakanyanya, kune rumwe rutivi, vane rupo rukuru nekurumbidza panguva yekudzidziswa. Nekudaro, Stefanie Riemer anoyambira pamusoro pekuita mhedziso nekukurumidza: "Haisi nguva dzose mhosva yemumwe mugumo wemutsara." Sainzi anotsinhira kuti ndiko kunyanya kusanganiswa kwezvinhu zvakati wandei zvinoita basa mukubuda kwehunhu husingadiwi. “Kunyange zvakadaro, tinogona kupesvedzera hunhu hwembwa yedu kusvikira kutambanuko yakati,” anodaro Riemer. Anokurudzira kukurudzira tariro mumbwa kunyanya. Zvakafanana nesu vanhu: Kunyanya zviitiko zvinofadza imbwa ine yakazvimirira muhupenyu hwemazuva ese, ndipo painotarisisa ramangwana.