Mary Allen
Mhuka imhuka inoyamwisa. Ndewemhuri yemhembwe. Reindeer ndiyo yega mhuka yemhembwe yakapingudzwa nevanhu. Inogara kure kuchamhembe kweEurope neAsia, kwainodanwa kunzi reindeer kana kuti reindeer. Muzhinji, dzinonzi reindeer kana kuti reindeer. Mhuka imwe cheteyo inogarawo muCanada uye muAlaska. Ikoko vanonzi caribou, inobva mumutauro wechiIndia.
Hukuru hwemhembwe hunoenderana nenzvimbo yainogara. Inogona kukura kuita saizi yeponi, zvakare inorema. Inopfeka mvere dzakakora ine vhudzi refu kutonhora. Munguva yechando, jasi racho rakareruka zvishoma kupfuura muzhizha. Peary caribou inogara pachitsuwa cheCanada. Inenge chena uye saka yakaoma zvikuru kuona muchando.
Reindeer inopfeka mhembwe semhembwe dzese, asi ine mashoma akakosha maficha: zvikamu zviviri hazvisi girazi-inverted, kureva symmetrical, asi zvakasiyana zvachose. Hadzi ndiyo yega mhando yemhembwe ine matinji, nyangwe zvazvo ari madiki pane rume. Hadzi dzinoraura nyanga dzadzo muchirimo uye hono mumatsutso. Zvisinei, vose vanongorasikirwa nehafu yeantler panguva, saka hafu yeantler inogara iripo. Hachisi chokwadi kuti mhembwe dzinoshandisa nyanga dzadzo kufoshorera sinou.
Mhuka dzinorarama sei?
Mhuka dzinogara mumapoka. Mhuka dzinogona kuva dzakakura: kusvika kumhuka dze100,000, muAlaska kune kunyange boka rehafu yemiriyoni yemhuka. Mumapoka aya, mhembwe dzinotama dzichienda kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva mumatsutso dzodzokera kuchamhembe muchirimo, nguva dzose dzichitsvaka zvokudya, kureva uswa nemoss. Pakupedzisira, vanoparadzana kuva mapoka maduku. Ipapo kunongova ne10 kusvika ku100 mhuka pamwe chete.
Mukudonha, varume vanoedza kuunganidza boka revakadzi rakavapoteredza. Mukono unosangana nehadzi dzakawanda sezvinobvira. Hadzi inotakura mwana wayo mudumbu kwayo kwemwedzi inenge misere. Nguva dzose inongova imwe chete. Kuberekwa kunoitika muna Chivabvu kana Chikumi. Mushure meawa inogona kutofamba, kutevera amai vayo, uye kunwa mukaka kubva kwavari. Mhuka dzakawanda dzinofa chete kana mamiriro okunze akanyorova uye achitonhora. Pashure peanenge makore maviri, mhuka duku inogona kuva nemhuru yayo. Reindeer inorarama kusvika pamakore gumi nemaviri kusvika gumi nemashanu.
Vavengi ve reindeer mapere, lynx, mapere, uye wolverine, yakakosha marten. Zvisinei, mhara ine utano inogona kazhinji kukunda zvikara izvi. Ukuwo, mamwe maparasite akaipa, kunyanya umhutu weArctic.
Vanhu vanoshandisa sei mhuka dzemhuka?
Vanhu vakavhima mhuka dzesango kubva kuStone Age. Nyama inogayiwa. Makushe acho anogona kushandiswa kusona mbatya kana matende. Zvishandiso zvinogona kugadzirwa kubva kune antlers nemapfupa.
Vanhu havangovhimi mhuka dzesango chete, asiwo vanochengeta mhuka dzemhuka. Nechinangwa ichi, mhuka dzesango dzaingozvarwa zvishoma. Mhuka dzakapfava dzakanakira kutakura mitoro kana kudhonza zvireyi. Munyaya dzakawanda, Santa Claus ane reindeer pamberi pechireyi chake.
Nhasi mombe dzemhembwe dzakasununguka kufamba, vanhu vanongodzitevera. Vanobva vadziunganidza, voisa mutsauko mudiki uye votora mhuka imwe neimwe kuti inouraiwa kana kutengeswa. Kana ukachengeta mhuka yemhuka iri pedyo, unogona kunwa mukaka wayo kana kuigadzira kuita chizi. Mukaka wereindeer unovaka muviri kupfuura mukaka wemombe dzedu.