Raven Shiri

Corvids vane mukurumbira wakasiyana kwazvo mutsika dzakasiyana: vamwe vanhu vanovaona sevaratidziri venhamo, vamwe senhume dzevamwari.

unhu

Makunguo anoita sei?

Ese macorvid ane muromo wakasimba wakafanana. Asi ndizvo zvinenge zvose, nokuti marudzi akasiyana akasiyana zvakasiyana kubva kune mumwe. Makunguo makuru ndiwo makunguwo akajairika (Corvus corax). Vane minhenga yejeti-dema inopenya mubhuruu uye inokura kusvika masendimita makumi matanhatu nemana muhukuru uye inorema 64 magiramu. Muswe wayo wakaita sehwege pakubhururuka uye muromo wayo wakasimba zvikuru.

Makunguwo akaora (Corvus corone) madiki zvakanyanya pane makunguwo. Zvakadaro, vachiri 47 masendimita kureba uye huremu huri pakati pe460 ne800 magiramu. Minhenga yavo yakasviba zvakare, asi haipenyi zvakanyanya. Rooks (Corvus frugilegus) akareba masendimita makumi mana nematanhatu uye anorema 46 kusvika 360 magiramu, akaenzana nehukuru hwemakunguwo akaora.

Minhenga yadzo mitema uye ine bhuruu yakatsvuka, uye muromo wadzo mutete uye wakareba kana uchienzaniswa nowemakunguwo akaora. Mukuwedzera, mudzi wemuromo muchena uye hauna minhenga. Iyo Jackdaw (Corvus monedula) idiki zvakanyanya. Inongoreba masendimita makumi matatu nematatu uye inorema kusvika magiramu 33, saka inenge saizi yenjiva uye grey-dema muruvara.

Majekiseni ane grey kunyanya kuseri kwemusoro, mutsipa nenzeve. Kumashure kwakasviba neblue tinge, dumbu grey-black. Asi hapana nzira dzese corvids dzakasviba. Humbowo hwakanakisa ijay dzedu dzine mavara uye dzinopenya (Garrulus glandarius). Vakareba masendimita makumi matatu nemana asi vanorema magiramu zana nemakumi manomwe chete.

Minhenga yavo yakatsvuka-ruvara, mapapiro matema uye machena nemabhandi eblue-black. Musoro wakajeka wakaiswa mutema. Iyo magpie nhema nechena (Pica pica) ine muswe wayo wakareba inokatyamadza zvakare. Beche, musoro, musana nemuswe zvitema, bendekete nedumbu zvichena. Bapiro racho rakavhara kupenya kwebhuruu, minhenga yemuswe yakasvibirira. Magpies anokura kusvika 46 centimita kureba uye anorema 210 magiramu.

Ko corvids vanogara kupi?

Corvids inowanikwa pasi rose kunze kweNew Zealand neAntarctica. MuNew Zealand, zvisinei, vakaunzwa nevagari vekuEurope. Makunguwo akajairika ane huwandu hukuru hwese corvids. Vanowanikwa muEurope, Asia, North Africa, North America neGreenland.

Nemhaka yokuti dzaimbovhimwa zvikuru, nhasi dzinongowanikwa chete muSchleswig-Holstein uye muAlps. Zvisinei, kubva zvadzivirirwa, dzakapararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo zvakare. Makunguwo akaora anowanikwa kubva kumadokero nepakati peEurope kusvika kuAsia neJapan. Jackdaws anogara muEurope, kumadokero kweAsia uye kuchamhembe-kumadokero kweAfrica, jay ari kumba kuEurope, Asia uye kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweAfrica.

Saizvozvowo, magpies; asiwo zvinoitika muNorth America. Makunguo akajairika ari pamba munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana dzekugara: mumakomo, pamahombekombe ane matombo, mu tundra, mumasango ane deciduous uye coniferous pamwe chete nemasango steppes uye nzvimbo dzakaita serenje. MuAlps vanogara kusvika ku2400 metres urefu.

Makunguwo anogara mumoorland, kumahombekombe mumasango, mapaki, uye zvakare mumaguta. Rooks vanosarudza kumucheto kwemasango uye kucheneswa, asi nhasi vanogarawo munzvimbo dzakarimwa nemaguta. Jackdaws anonzwa ari kumba mumapaki, masango anodonha, asiwo mumatongo, uye jay ari kumba mumasango anosvika 1600 metres pamusoro pegungwa. Nhasi, zvisinei, ivo vari kuwedzera kutamira kumaguta uye kuberekera mumapaki nemapindu makuru. Magpies anogara mumasango akazara, magadheni, mapaki uye mumakomo anosvika 1700 metres pamusoro pegungwa.

Ndeapi marudzi emakunguo aripo?

Corvids yakakamurwa kuita mapoka manomwe: majay, magpies, desert jay, nutcrackers, choughs/choughs, African piapias nemakunguo. Kune marudzi anosvika zana negumi akasiyana pasi rose. Kunewo marudzi akawanda emamwe marudzi. Makunguwo akaora ndiwo rudzi rweCentral neWestern Europe rwemakunguo akaora uye anogona kuwanikwa kure seElbe. Rudzi rwekumabvazuva rwegunguwo rakaora rinonzi gunguwo rine hood. Iyo ine grey muruvara uye inogara kubva kuNorthern neEastern Europe kuenda kuAsia. Nesu, nzvimbo dzekugovera dzemhando mbiri dzinopindirana; kune marudzi akasiyana zvakare.

Ko corvids vanogara kwenguva yakareba sei?

Makunguo anorarama kusvika makore makumi maviri, mhungu makore gumi nemapfumbamwe, mhungu inosvika makore makumi maviri, mhungu inopfuura makore makumi maviri, mhungu makore 20 uye magpies makore gumi nemashanu.

Kuzvibata

Ko corvids vanorarama sei?

Corvids dzinoonekwa seshiri dzine njere uye saka dzakadzidzwa zvakanyanya nenyanzvi dzezvinhu zvipenyu. Imhuka dzinoshamwaridzana zvikuru uye dzinoshamwaridzana. Kunyanguvezvo, ivo kazhinji havafarirwi nemhaka yokuti vanonzi vanobereka zvakanyanyisa uye kunyange kuuraya makwayana kana kuti kudya mazai neshiri duku dzemamwe marudzi eshiri.

Asi mazhinji efungidziro aya haana kunaka, uye corvids mhuka dzinobatsira chaizvo. Uye kunyange kana magpies, jay, kana jackdaws vakarwisa imwe kana imwe dendere reshiri muzhizha - hapana ngozi yekuti vachatsvaira dzimwe shiri. Uye hadzisi “mhondi” zvachose: Dzinongooneka chete munzvimbo dzine mhuka dzakafa dzakarara kuti dzidye zvakaora. Ivo vanoita basa rakakosha mune ecosystem.

Uye hachisi chokwadi kuti corvids inobereka yakawanda. Maitiro adzo anowanzo kungoita kuti zviratidzike sekunge kune dzakawanda dzemhuka idzi: Magpies, semuenzaniso, anovaka matendere akati wandei asi anongoberekera mune rimwe chete. Dzimwe shiri dzinobatsirwa nokuti dzinogona kutamira mumatendere apera uye hadzifaniri kuzvivakira pachadzo.

Mumwaka unotonhora, nhunzvatunzva dzinouya kwatiri dzichibva kunzvimbo dzadzo dzokuberekera kuti dzizorara dzobva dzaita mapoka makuru. Vamwe vanosangana padzimba dzokurara dzakawanda munguva dzemanheru kuti varare vachidzivirirwa neboka. Corvid dzisina nzvimbo dzekuberekera dzinofamba dziri mumapoka uye dzinonyanya kuoneka nekuda kweruzha rwadzinoita.