Nguruve: Zvaunofanira Kuziva

Nguruve mhuka dzinoyamwisa. Muchidzidzo chezvipenyu, vanoumba genus ine mhando gumi neshanu. Nguruve dzemusango chete dzinogara muEurope. Mamwe marudzi akagoverwa pamusoro peAsia neAfrica, kureva pamusoro pe "Nyika Yekare".

Nguruve dzakasiyana chaizvo. Diki inguruve yemusango yepygmy inobva kuAsia. Inorema makirogiramu gumi nemaviri. Ndiko kurema kunoita imbwa diki. Huru inguruve hombe yemusango inogara munzvimbo dzinopisa dzeAfrica. Vanokwanisa kusvika ku300 kilograms.

Musoro wakarebesa nemhuno ndiwo wakajairwa nenguruve dzese. Meso madiki. Iyo canines haina midzi uye inokura muhupenyu hwose. Vanorodzana nekugayana. Vavhimi vanodzidaidza kuti "tuks". Hono dzacho dzakakura kudarika hadzi uye dzine ngozi zvikuru pakurwa.

Nguruve dzinorarama sei?

Nguruve dzinofarira kugara mumasango kana munzvimbo dzine mimwe miti yakaita semasavanna. Vanonyanya kufamba usiku. Masikati dzinorara mumafuro matema kana kuti mumakomba edzimwe mhuka. Panofanira kunge paine mvura pedyo. Vashambiri vakanaka uye semadhaka ekugezera. Ipapo mumwe anoti: Unoumburuka. Izvi zvinochenesa uye zvinodzivirira ganda rako. Vanobvisawo zvipembenene, kureva tupukanana. Zvinodzitonhodzawo, nokuti nguruve hadzigoni kudikitira.

Nguruve zhinji dzinogara pamwe chete mumapoka. Kazhinji, kune vakadzi vashomanana nemhuka dzavo duku, nguruve. Mukadzi mukuru anonzi "sow". Hono huru, nenguruve, dzinorarama semhuka dziri dzoga.

Nguruve dzichadya chero chinhu chavanogona kuwana kana kuchera kubva pasi nehunde yavo: midzi, michero, uye mashizha, asiwo zvipembenene kana makonye. Zvipuka zvidiki diki zviri pakudya kwadzo, sezvakaora, kureva mhuka dzakafa.

Nguruve dzinogara mumatanga edu "idzo dzinowanikwa mudzimba". Kune marudzi akawanda emhando idzi nhasi. Vanobva kunguruve dzemusango. Vanhu vakaafudza. Kana nguruve dzichigara musango muAmerica nhasi, dzinopukunyuka nguruve.

Ko nguruve dzedu dzekumusha dzakauya sei?

Kare munguva yeNeolithic, vanhu vakatanga kujairana nenguruve dzemusango uye kubereka. Zvitsva zvekare zvakawanikwa kuMiddle East. Asiwo kuEurope kupfuya nguruve kwakatanga kare. Zvishoma nezvishoma, mitsetse yekuberekesa yakasanganiswawo. Nhasi kune marudzi makumi maviri anozivikanwa enguruve, pamwe neakawanda asinganyanyi kuzivikanwa. Nokuti nguruve yepamba ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa nhengo yemhuri yemhuka muGermany, inowanzongonzi "nguruve".

MuMiddle Ages, vapfumi chete ndivo vaigona kutenga nyama yenguruve. Varombo vainyanya kudya nyama yemombe dzaisamwisa mukaka nekuti dzakura. Asi dzimwe nguva varombo vaifudza nguruve imwe kana kupfuura. Vakatora mukana wekuti nguruve dzichadya chero chinhu chavanogona kuwana. Mumaguta, dzimwe nguva vaifamba-famba mumigwagwa vakasununguka, vachidya marara. Mombe dzaisaita izvozvo.

Sezvo nguruve dziri mhuka dzemombe, unogonawo kudziendesa kumafuro kana kusango. Kare ndiro raiwanzoitwa nevakomana. Muminda, nguruve dzakadya zvakanga zvasara pashure pokukohwa, pamwe chete nemarudzi ose euswa nemirivo. Musango, kunze kwehowa, vainyanya kufarira beechnuts nemaacorns. Kune yakanakisa Spanish ham, nguruve dzinogona kudyiswa chete nemaacorns nhasi.

Nguruve dzemumba dzinowanzoonekwa sedzakasviba. Asi handizvo. Kana vane nzvimbo yakakwana mudanga, vanogadzira kona yechimbuzi. Pavanoumburuka mumatope akanyorova, anochenesa ganda ravo. Mukuwedzera, kupisa kwemuviri wavo kunoderera. Izvi zvakakosha nekuti nguruve hadzigone kudikitira. Uye nekuda kwemadhaka akaomeswa, havapiswiwo nezuva. Ivowo vakachenjera zvikuru, setsoko. Izvi zvinogona kuratidzwa mukuedza kwakasiyana. Izvi zvinoita kuti vave sembwa kupfuura, semuenzaniso, makwai nemombe.

Kunewo vanhu vasingadi kudya nyama yenguruve nekuti chitendero chavo chinopikisana nayo. VaJudha nevaMuslim vakawanda vanofunga kuti nguruve imhuka "dzisina kuchena". Vamwe havatombowani nyama yenguruve ine hutano.

Nguruve dzinochengetwa sei nenzira inoenderana nemarudzi nhasi?

Nguruve dzemumba izvipfuwo chete. Varimi kana vanopfuya nguruve vanochengeta nguruve dzepamusha kuti dziuraye nekutengesa nyama yadzo. Paavhareji, munhu wese anodya inenge kilogiramu yenyama pavhiki. Zvinenge zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zveiyo inguruve. Naizvozvo nguruve zhinji dzinopfuyiwa dzinodikanwa: Mu[[Germany mune nguruve imwe nokuda kwavagari vatatu vari vose, muNetherlands, mune kunyange nguruve mbiri nokuda kwavagari vatatu vari vose.

Kuti nguruve dzepamusha dzinzwe dzakasununguka, dzinofanira kurarama semadzitateguru avo, nguruve yemusango. Izvi zvichiri kuitika munzvimbo dzakawanda pasi rose. MuEurope, iwe unongoona izvozvo pane organic purazi. Asi kunyange ikoko, hazvisi chaizvo zvinodiwa. Zvinoenderana nenyika inogara nguruve uye chisimbiso chemvumo chinoshanda kupurazi. Nyama kubva kune inofara yenguruve zvakare inodhura zvakanyanya.

Papurazi rakadaro, pane gumi nembiri mhuka pane mazana mashoma. Vane nzvimbo yakakwana mudura. Pauriri pane mashanga ekuti vatsvage mukati. Vanokwanisa kupinda kunze zuva nezuva kana kugara kunze zvachose. Vanodzura nyika nokuumburuka. Kuti izvi zviitike, unoda nzvimbo yakawanda uye fenzi dzakanaka kuitira kuti nguruve dzirege kupukunyuka. Mumapurazi akadai, vanoshandawo nemhando dzakasiyana. Nhou hadzina nguruve dzakawanda uye dzinokura zvishoma nezvishoma. Izvi zvakare zvine chekuita neiyo lining, iyo yakajairika.

Nyama yemhuka dzakadaro inokura zvishoma nezvishoma. Pane mvura shoma mupani, asi nyama yakawanda inosara. Asi zvakare inodhura.

Iwe unowana sei nyama yakawanda?

Nguruve zhinji dzave kuchengetwa mumapurazi akadhakwa. Vanowanzonzi "mafekitori emhuka" uye vanonzi kurima fekitori. Mhando iyi yekuberekesa nguruve inobhadhara zvishoma kune zvemhando dzemhuka uye yakagadzirirwa kugadzira nyama yakawanda sezvinobvira nekuedza kushoma sezvinobvira.

Mhuka idzi dzinogara pauriri hwakaoma hune mitswe. Weti inogona kubuda uye tsvina inogona kubviswa nehosi. Kune makamuri akasiyana akagadzirwa nesimbi mbariro. Mhuka hadzigoni kuchera uye kazhinji hadzina kunyanyobatana.

Bonde chairo haripo pasowe idzi. Kupinzwa kunoitwa nemunhu ane jekiseni. Nguruve ine mimba inenge mwedzi mina. Mumhuka, iyi inonzi "mimba". Ipapo nguruve dzinosvika makumi maviri dzinoberekwa. Pane ivava, vanenge 20 vanorarama paavhareji. Chero bedzi show ichiri kuyamwa nguruve dzake, nguruve dzinonzi nguruve dzinoyamwisa. “Spani” izwi rekare rinoreva kuti “teat”. Ikoko vana vanoyamwa mukaka wavo. Nguva yekuyamwisa inotora inenge mwedzi.

Ipapo nguruve idzi dzinorerwa uye kuzodzwa kweinenge mwedzi mitanhatu. Vanobva vasvika 100 kilograms vourayiwa. Saka zvinhu zvose zvinotora inenge mwedzi gumi yose, kwete kunyange gore.