Mary Allen
Madhadha akachengetwa mukuchengetwa kwevanhu kwezviuru zvemakore. Maonero agara achichinja. Nhasi, nemutemo, madhadha epamba anofanira kuwana mukana wekushambira. Asi kwete izvozvo chete.
Madhadha aiwanzoshambira mumvura yakashama yakapoteredza mapurazi. Mufananidzo uyu wava kushoma. Haasi ese madhadha anokwanisa kuwana mvura yemupombi, asi pamutemo, kubva pasvondo rechitanhatu rehupenyu, anoda nzvimbo yekutuhwina nemvura yakachena mukati mezuva gore rose. Tabhu diki haina kukwana. Tangi kana dziva rinofanira kunge riine nzvimbo shoma yemamita maviri emamita, inokwana mhuka dzinosvika shanu. Kudzika kwedhamu kunofanirwa kunge kuri masendimita makumi mana. Kana iripo, mvura yakasikwa pamusoro pemvura iri panzvimbo yacho yakakodzerawo. Zvakakosha kuve nekusatsvedza kwekupinda nekubuda, izvo zvinoita kuti kupinda kuve nyore kumhuka diki kunyanya.
Sezvimwezve zvinodiwa pakuchengeta madhadha, mutongi wemutemo anorayira ndiro dzekunwira dzine mvura yakachena, dzine mukaha mukuru kuitira kuti mhuka dzikwanise kunyudza misoro yadzo yose kuti dzinwe. Pamusoro pazvo, mabhedha anonwisa mvura anodiwa mumatanga, ayo akapararira munzvimbo inodarika zvikamu makumi maviri kubva muzana, sezvo madhadha, sehuku, achirara usiku, kureva kuenda kudanga rakasimudzwa kana kuti pamuti kunorara.
Duck coop inofanirwa kunyatsovhenekerwa nechiedza chemasikati kubva kumahwindo kuti iite kanenge kashanu kupenya, zvinova izvo zvinodikanwa zviri pamutemo. Dendere rekukandira rinofanira kupihwa madhadha akura. Mafuro acho anofanira kunge aine turf inogona kuvandudzwa. Nzvimbo shoma yenzvimbo yakakomberedzwa igumi masikweya metres, ine inosvika masikweya metres mashanu pamhuka imwe neimwe. Kana zuva rakasimba uye tembiricha yemhepo yadarika madhigirii makumi maviri nemashanu, madhadha anofanira kunge aine nzvimbo ine mumvuri pasi payo mhuka dzese dzinogona kuwana nzvimbo panguva imwe chete.
Hove, Hozhwa, Duckweed
Maererano nenyanzvi yemunyori Horst Schmidt ("Grand and waterfowl"), dhadha yakakura inoda marita 1.25 emvura pazuva. Mumvura inoyerera, mhuka dzinotora zvokudya zvakawanda kubva murukova. Vanodya hove diki, matatya, hozhwa, kana nhata dzomumvura. Dzinofarira kutamba murukova rwakadzika mita imwe chete. Kana nzvimbo yemvura yakakura zvakakwana, madhadha anogona kudya kusvika kirogiramu yemiti yemumvura pazuva, senge duckweed.
Pakufura, madhadha haamire pamaslugs uye anoadya nekunakidzwa. Zviyo zvinoshandiswa sechinhu chakakosha chesimba pakudyisa madhadha. Chibage chikafu chakanakisa zvakare, asi kana chikashandiswa kusvika pekupedzisira mukukodza, mafuta emuviri anoshanduka kuita yero zvakanyanya uye anotora kunakirwa kwakakosha kusingawanzo kudiwa. Chero zvazvingava, zviyo zvezviyo zvinofanira kupiwa zvakaputsika kuti zvibvumirwe. Sezvimwewo, mbatatisi yakabikwa kana karoti yakakodzera sechikafu chekuwedzera.
Dura rekudya kwedhadha rakareba nezvikamu makumi matatu kubva muzana pane rehuku. Ndosaka madhadha achigona kushandisa chikafu chegirinhi kudarika huku. Dhadha rakura rinogona kugaya kusvika magiramu 30 emiriwo pazuva. Pakuchengeta madhadha, kurongeka kwemafuro nemvura kwakakosha zvakanyanya. Idzodzi dzinofanira kugadzikwa zvakaparadzana sezvinobvira kuitira kuti mvura nechikafu zvisaramba zvichisanganiswa uye pave nenyongano huru.
Nyaya Yakareba, Mazita Mazhinji
Kunze kwedhadha remusk, madhadha emazuva ano ose anoburuka kubva kune mallard (Anas platyrhynchos). Nyanzvi Horst Schmidt inonyora kuti humbowo hwekutanga hwemadhadha ari kuchengetwa mukuchengetwa kwevanhu hunopfuura makore 7000. Izvi zvivezwa zvebhuronzi zvakawanikwa kuMesopotamia, Iraq yemazuva ano, neSiriya. MuIndia, kune rumwe rutivi, mavara ekare akawanikwa anoratidza mifananidzo yakaita sedhadha. Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinobva kuChina.
Sekureva kwaSchmidt, zvakadaro, dhadha raive rakachengetwa muEgypt. Kukosha kwehupfumi hwekuchengeta madhadha kwakanga kuchiri kwakaderera muMiddle Ages. Yakanga isiri iyo kusvika humambo hwaCharlemagne kuti nhamba chaidzo dzakachengetwa nezve stock. Panguva iyoyo, chegumi, kureva mutero wegumi muzana waibhadharwa kuchechi kana mambo, waiwanzobhadharwa nenzira yemadhadha. Izvi zvakanyorwa nemonastery zvinyorwa, umo madhadha epamba anowanzoitika.
Yechipiri fomu yemusango iyo yakachengetwa padivi pemallard ndeye musk duck (Cairina moschata). Iyo fomu yekupfuyiwa ichiri pedyo zvakanyanya nesango nhasi. Musk madhadha akachengetwa nevanhu veIndia muCentral neSouth America kusati kwawanikwa America uye vanonzi vakawanikwa zvakanyanya muPeru neMexico. Zvichienderana nenzvimbo, vaive nerimwe zita. Kuchamhembe kweAfrica, yaizivikanwa se "Berber duck" uye mutori wenhau wekuItaly Ulisse Aldrovandi (1522 - 1605) akamboitumidza "dhadha kubva kuCairo". Nenguva isipi akapiwawo zita rokuti "dhadha reTurkey".
Rondedzero yemazita mazhinji inosanganisirawo muskrat. Nekuda kweganda dzvuku uye warts pachiso, pakanga paine zvakare mazita akadai dzvuku-ganda uye warty madhadha, uye ekupedzisira akakunda mune pedigree huku chiyero cheEurope. Mumutauro wevanhu, anowanzonzi mbeveve, nekuti haaiti manzwi chaiwo, asi kungoridza mhere.
Dhadha rewarty richiri kutorwa semuridzi akavimbika nhasi. Mhuka dzakadzika kubva kumallard dzakasiyana chaizvo. Ikoko ruzivo rwekuberekesa rwakaramba rwuri mupygmy uye kubereka kwakanyanya Muscovy madhadha. Nemafungiro mukutarisira kwevanhu, zviyero zvemuviri zvakashanduka.
Iyo mhuka yemusango inorema 1.4 kilos, asi nhasi madhadha makuru akakora anogona kusvika kurema kusvika makirogiramu mashanu. Zvisinei, kukura kwakasimudzirwa kusvika pamwero wekuti nguva yekukora yakapfupiswa uye mamwe madhadha akagadzirira kuurayiwa mushure memavhiki matanhatu chete. Vapfuri vakatocheka mapoka ega ega edhadha anomhanya zvekuti anokandira zai zvakanyanya kupfuura zuva rechipiri rega rega regore.