Marlin vs shark: ndeipi inokurumidza?

Nhanganyaya: Marlin naShark

Marlins uye shark zviviri zvezvisikwa zvinofadza uye zvine simba zvinogara mumakungwa enyika. Ose ari maviri zvikara zvepamusoro, zvinogara zvakafanana ecological niches mune yegungwa chikafu cheni. Zvisinei, imwe yemibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa pamusoro pemhuka mbiri idzi ndeiyi: ndeipi inokurumidza? Muchinyorwa chino, tichaongorora anatomy, physiology, uye kumhanya kwekushambira kwemarlin neshark, pamwe nezvinhu zvinokanganisa kumhanya kwavo uye nemhedzisiro yezviwanikwa izvi zvemugungwa biology.

Anatomy uye Physiology yeMarlin

Marlin ihove huru, dzinokurumidza kutuhwina dziri dzemhuri yebhillfish. Vane bhiri rakareba, rakanongedza kana rostrum, ravanoshandisa kuvhundutsa mhuka yavo isati yaidya. Miviri yaMarlin yakagadziridzwa uye ine tsandanyama, yakagadzirirwa kukurumidza uye agility mugungwa rakashama. Dzine chipedzi chemuswe chakaita secrescent, chinodziendesa mberi nesimba rinoshamisa.

Marlins ane yakasarudzika physiology inovagonesa kushambira nekumhanya kwakanyanya kwenguva yakareba. Ivo vane yakasarudzika circulatory system inovabvumidza kuchengetedza kupisa uye oxygen, iyo yakakosha pakuchengetedza yavo yakakwira metabolic rate. Tsandanyama dzavo dzinoshanda zvakanyanya, nenhamba yakakwira yemitochondria inoburitsa simba rekushambira kwakasimba.

Anatomy uye Physiology yeShark

Shark ihove dzecartilaginous dziri dzemhuri ye elasmobranch. Vane muviri wakanyoroveswa, uine mashanu kusvika manomwe magill slits kumativi ese emusoro wavo. Vane zvakare mhezi hombe yemusana inovabatsira kudzikamisa muviri wavo pavanenge vachituhwina. Shark ane simba remuswe mbichana, iro ravanoshandisa kuzvifambisa mberi nemumvura.

Shark ane yakasarudzika physiology inovagonesa kushambira nekumhanya kwakanyanya kwenguva yakareba. Vane hurongwa hwekutenderera kweropa hunovabvumira kutora mweya weokisijeni kubva mumvura kupfuura dzimwe hove. Shark zvakare ine huwandu hwakanyanya hwehutsvuku hwemhasuru fibers, iyo inokonzeresa kushambira kwakasimba.

Swim Speed ​​yeMarlin

Marlins ndevamwe vevashahwi vanomhanya zvikuru mugungwa, vachikwanisa kusvika pakumhanya kwemamaira makumi matanhatu paawa. Vanokwanisa kuenderera mberi nekuputika kwekumhanya kukuru, izvo zvavanoshandisa kudzinga mhuka dzavo. Marlins anozivikanwa nekugona uye kufambisa mumvura, izvo zvinovabvumira kuita majana echimbichimbi nekuchinja munzira pavanenge vachishambira nekumhanya kukuru.

Swim Speed ​​yeShark

Shark zvakare vanoshambira vanomhanya, vaine dzimwe mhando dzinokwanisa kusvika kumhanya kusvika mamaira makumi mana neshanu paawa. Kufanana nemarlins, ivo vanokwanisa kuputika mapfupi ekumhanya kukuru, kwavanoshandisa kubata mhuka yavo. Zvisinei, shark hadzina kuchinjika sezvinoita marlins uye dzinovimba neshaya dzadzo dzine simba nemazino kuti dzibate mhuka dzadzo.

Zvinhu Zvinokonzera Swim Speed

Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kukanganisa kumhanya kwekushambira kwemarlin uye shark, kusanganisira tembiricha yemvura, salinity, uye kudzika. Tembiricha yemvura inogona kukanganisa mwero wemetabolism wemhuka idzi, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kumhanya kwavo kushambira. Salinity inogonawo kukanganisa buoyancy, iyo inogona kukanganisa kugona kwavo kushambira zvakanaka. Kudzika kunogonawo kukanganisa kumhanya kwekushambira, sezvo kudzvanywa kwepakadzika kwakadzama kunogona kukanganisa dundira rekushambira remhuka idzi.

Kuenzanisa kweAvhareji Yekushambira Yekumhanya

Paavhareji, marlins anokurumidza kushambira kupfuura shark, nekugona kuchengetedza kumhanya kwepamusoro pamadaro marefu. Nekudaro, izvi zvinosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwe shark uye marlin ari kuenzaniswa. Semuenzaniso, mhando dzeshark dzinokurumidza, shortfin mako, dzinogona kusvika kusvika kumakiromita makumi matanhatu paawa, iyo inofananidzwa nekumhanya kwemhando dzemarlin dzinokurumidza.

Inokurumidza Kurekodhwa Kutuhwina Kumhanya

Iyo inokurumidza kurekodhwa yekushambira yemarlin inosvika 82 mamaira paawa, nepo inokurumidza kurekodhwa yekushambira yeshark inosvika mamaira makumi matanhatu paawa. Nekudaro, mamhanyiro aya haawanzo kuchengetedzwa uye anongowanikwa panguva pfupi kuputika kwekumhanya kwakanyanya.

Hunting Strategies yeMarlin uye Shark

Marlins uye shark vane nzira dzakasiyana dzekuvhima dzinokanganiswa neanatomy yavo uye physiology. Marlin anoshandisa kumhanya uye hunyanzvi kudzinga mhuka dzadzo, nepo shark dzichivimba nekubira uye kushamisika kubata mhuka dzadzo. Shark zvakare ine pfungwa yakagadziridzwa yekunhuwa, iyo yavanoshandisa kutsvaga mhuka yavo.

Mhedziso: Ndiani Anokurumidza?

Mukupedzisa, marlins uye shark zvese zviri zviviri zvinokurumidza uye zvine simba mhuka dzinogara mumakungwa epasirese. Nepo marlins achiwanzo mhanyisa kushambira kupfuura shark, izvi zvinosiyana zvichienderana nemhando dziri kufananidzwa. Pakupedzisira, kumhanya kwemhuka idzi kunokonzerwa neanatomy, physiology, uye nharaunda yadzinogara.

Zvinoreva Marine Biology

Kunzwisisa kumhanya kwekushambira kwemarlins uye shark kunogona kuve nezvakunoreva kune marine biology, kusanganisira kuchengetedza uye kutonga kwemhuka idzi. Nekunzwisisa kumhanya kwavo kwekushambira, vaongorori vanogona kunzwisisa zvirinani maitiro uye ecology yezvikara zvepamusoro izvi, izvo zvinogona kuzivisa kuedza kwekuchengetedza uye nzira dzekutonga.

References uye Kuwedzera Kuverenga

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2. Carey, FG, Kanwisher, JW, & Brazier, O. (1984). Tembiricha uye basa remahara-kushambira white shark, Carcharodon carcharias. Canadian Journal yeZoology, 62 (7), 1434-1441.

3. Hove, FE (1996). Biomechanics uye simba rekushambira muhove. MuMH Horn, KL Martin, & MA Chotkowski (Eds.), Intertidal fishes: Upenyu munyika mbiri (pp. 43-63). Academic Press.

4. Klimley, AP, & Ainley, DG (1996). Great white shark: The biology yeCarcharodon carcharias. Academic Press.

5. Sepulveda, CA, Dickson, KA, Bernal, D., Graham, JB, & Graham, JB (2005). Kuenzanisa kudzidza kweiyo physiology ye tunas, shark, uye billfishes. Kuenzanisa Biochemistry uye Physiology Chikamu A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 142 (3), 211-221.