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Hamsters ndeyemhuri yediki yemakonzo uye inomiririrwa ikoko nemhando makumi maviri. Izvi zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvinodiwa pakudya, nharaunda, nezvimwe zvinofanirwa kutariswa kana uchizvichengeta semhuka dzinovaraidza.

Nzira yehupenyu

Iyo hamster yakasikwa nharaunda inzvimbo dzakaoma uye semi-yakaoma yenzvimbo inodziya. MuCentral Europe, chete hamster yeEurope inoitika musango. Vanogara kumativi erenje, magwenga evhu, mapani akafukidzwa nemakwenzi, masango nemakomo, uye mipata yenzizi. Vanogara mumigodhi yepasi pevhu ine mikova yakawanda uye yekubuda nayo, pamwe chete nemakamuri akaparadzana ekugara, kuburitsa, kubereka, uye kuchengetedza. Makamuri akabatana. Hamsters anonyanya kuita crepuscular uye nocturnal ane mashoma ekuita kwemasikati. MaHamsters anogara ari ega, panguva yekubatana chete ndipo paanokanganisa hupenyu hwavo uye dzimwe nguva vanogara mumapoka emhuri. Dzinogona kuita zvehasha zvakanyanya kune dzimwe imbwa. Kuti vazvidzivirire pakurwiswa, vanowanzozvikanda nemanhede vachiridza mhere mhere.

Anatomy

Dentition

Iwo incisors anoputika asati aberekwa kana nguva pfupi pashure. Hamsters haichinje mazino. Iwo incisors anokura kumashure kwehupenyu hwose uye ane pigmented yero. Iyo molars inoganhurirwa mukukura uye isina pigmented. Kukura kwemeno nguva dzose kunoda kunyatsofungisisa pakusarudza kudya. Nekuti kungofanana nemamwe makonzo, iwe unofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekugara uchikwenya mazino.

Cheek Pouches

Iyo yemukati cheek pouches inofananidzira hamsters. Idzi dzinomhanya nerushaya rwezasi, dzinosvika pamapfudzi, uye dzinoshandiswa kutakura zvokudya kumapantries. Kuvhura kwadzo kuri kuseri uko miromo nematama zvinopinda mukati munzvimbo ine dentulous ye dentition.

Hamster Mhando

Sezvambotaurwa, kune akati wandei akasiyana siyana mudzimba dzedu semhuka dzinovaraidza. Tinoda kutsanangura muchidimbu izvo zvinowanzoitika pano.

Syrian Golden Hamster

Ndiyo imwe yemhando shoma dzehamster dziri kutyisidzirwa nekutsakatika nekuti inoonekwa sechipembenene munyika yayo. Kuwanda kwayo kwechisikigo kuri pasi pe20,000 km² munharaunda yemuganhu weSyria neTurkey. Mhuka dzacho dzinogara muminda yadzo yakaorera zvikuru inorimwa zviyo nezvimwe zvirimwa. Iyo tunnel system inogona kupfuura 9 m kureba. Kusvika kuma1970, ese maSyria ma hamster egoridhe akachengetwa pasi rose akadzokera mukutorwa kwemusango kunosanganisira mukadzi uye gumi nerimwe. Pavadiki ava, varume vatatu chete nemukadzi mumwe chete ndivo vakapona. Izvi zvakaumba hwaro hwekuberekesa. Mukutapwa uye nekutarisirwa kwakanaka, tarisiro yehupenyu hwayo kazhinji ndeye 18-24 mwedzi. Mahamster egoridhe eSyria ave kuwanikwa nemavara akasiyana (semuenzaniso akasiyana siyana ebrown uye mavanga kana ega dema) nebvudzi (semuenzaniso teddy hamster). Kufanana nema hamster akawanda, vanorarama semhuka dziri voga uye vanowanzoita zvehasha kune dzimwe imbwa. Iyo hamster yegoridhe ndeyechokwadi omnivore iyo kudya kwayo kunosanganisira zvikamu zvakasvibirira zvezvirimwa, mhodzi, michero, uye zvipembenene.

Roborovsky Dwarf Hamster

Iyo ndeye mapfupi-tailed dwarf hamsters uye inogara muGobi renje steppe uye dziri padyo nenzvimbo dzerenje kuchamhembe kweChina neMongolia. Vanogara munzvimbo dzine jecha chete dzine miti mishoma. Mhuka dzinotora nzvimbo dzakakura kwazvo. Izvi zvinofanirwawo kutariswa pakusarudza keji yakakodzera. Kusiyana neiyo hamster yegoridhe (12 - 17 cm), kureba kwemuviri weRoborowski dwarf hamster inongotenderedza 7 cm. Mvere dziri nechepamusoro dzine ruvara rwebrown kusvika ku grey uye dumbu rakachena. Kudya kwayo kunosanganisira zvikuru mbeu dzezvirimwa. Zvikamu zvezvipembenene zvakawanikwawo mumapantries muMongolia. Kana ichienzaniswa nehama dzayo, inoonekwa seinopindirana nerudzi rwayo. Inogona kuchengetwa (kwechinguvana) iri vaviri vaviri kana mumapoka emhuri. Zvisinei, mhuka dzinofanirwa kuwirirana zvakanaka uye kucherechedzwa zvakanyanya uye kuparadzaniswa kana zvichidiwa. Zvisinei, kuvachengeta vari voga kunodiwawo pano. Imhuka dzakanaka dzekucherechedza uye dzinozeza kubatwa.

Djungarian Hamster

Iyo zvakare ndeye mapfupi-tailed dwarf hamsters uye inogara nhanho dzekuchamhembe-kumabvazuva kweKazakhstan uye kumaodzanyemba-kumadokero kweSiberia. Anenge 9 cm kureba. Bvudzi rayo rakapfava idota grey kuenda kubrown yakasvibira pamusoro muzhizha ine hunhu hwedorsal stripe. Mvere dziri nechepasi dzakajeka-ruvara. Inodya zvakanyanya pambeu dzezvirimwa, uye zvishoma pazvipembenene. Zviri nyore kudzora uye, sehama dzayo, inofanira kuchengetwa yega - kunyanya kana iwe uri "mutanga hamster". Panofanira kuva nemikana yakawanda yekukwira mukeji inopa mhuka maonero akanaka enharaunda yayo.