Mary Allen
Mhuni nhema, chena, uye dzine mavara matsvuku dzinozvipa dzimene nokuridza ngoma kwadzo. Kazhinji vanogona kuonekwa pamiti mumapindu edu.
unhu
Ko iyo huru ine mavara inotaridzika sei?
Huni dzakakura dzine mavara ndedzemhuri yehuni uye dziripo kurudzi rwemakwapa makwapa. Dzinoyera hurefu hwemasendimita makumi maviri neshanu kubva pamuromo kusvika kumuromo wemuswe uye dzinorema 25 kusvika 74 magiramu.
Nekuda kwekuti minhenga yadzo yakasviba zvakanyanya, chena, uye tsvuku, zviri nyore kuona: matema pamusoro aine makwapa machena maviri pamapapiro, uye dumbu rine yero-grey. Kune nzvimbo yakakura tsvuku kurudyi nekuruboshwe kwechigadziko chemuswe. Varumewo vane chivara chitsvuku pamitsipa. Musoro wakachena kumativi ane mitsetse mitema pandebvu. Shiri diki dzine musoro mutsvuku.
Zvimwewo zvinowanzoitika pazvikwambo inzwara dzakapinza, dzakakombama patsoka dzadzo, dzavanoshandisa kukwira hunde dzemiti. Zvigunwe zviviri zvinonongedza kumberi uye mativi maviri kumashure. Izvi zvinoita kuti shiri dzirambe dzakabatirira pamapazi uye hunde dzemiti. Huni dzine mavara makuru dzine chimwe chinhu chakakosha: dzine ganda rakakora zvisingaite. Saka ivo vanodzivirirwa zvakanaka kubva pakurumwa kwezvipembenene - nyama yavo yavanoda.
Mhuni huru ine mavara inogara kupi?
Huni dzakakura dzine mavara ndiwo anonyanya kuzivikanwa marudzi ehuni munyika yedu. Kunze kweEurope, dzinowanikwa munzvimbo dzeAsia neNorth Africa. Huni dzine mavara makuru dzinogona kuwanikwa mumasango ane deciduous uye coniferous, asiwo mumapaki nemapindu - kureva chero kupi kune miti.
Kuwanda kwehuni dzakasakara kana kuti dzakafa dziripo munzvimbo, twumakwapa twakawanda tunoda kugara ipapo. Kazhinji iwe unogona kuzviona zviri nyore kutenderedza imba mumiti mubindu.
Ndeapi marudzi ehuni huru ine mavara aripo?
Kune angangoita makumi maviri emhando dzemhando yedu yekuzvarwa Great Spotted Woodpecker munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemhando yayo. Aya anowanikwa kubva kuCanary Islands mhiri kweNorth Africa uye mhiri kweEurope kusvika kuAsia Minor nemativi eAsia. Hama dzehuni huru dzine makwapa dzinogarawo nesu, semuenzaniso, mhunga yepakati nepakati, mbambaira diki, mhunga ine minwe mitatu, girini, uye dema.
Matanda ehuni anogona kusvika makore mangani?
Huni dzehuni dzakakura dzinogona kurarama kusvika makore masere.
Kuzvibata
Mhuni huru ine mavara inorarama sei?
Huni dzine mavara makuru ishiri dzemazuva ano dzisiri nyore kungoziva nemavara adzo anoshamisa. Mamiriro avo akajairwawo: unogona kuwanzovaona vakagara pamatavi kana neunyanzvi vachikwira nehunde. Kana vachida kudzika, havambomhanyi nemusoro, asi vanokwira vachidzika nenhendeshure.
Huni dzehuni dzakakura hadzisi nyanzvi dzekubhururuka. Dzinogona kubhururuka zvoga uye kubhururuka kwadzo kusingakanganisi hakuna mubvunzo. Asi havafambi nzendo refu, kazhinji vanogara munharaunda yavo uye vanokwira vachitenderera pamiti imomo. Muromo wegudo guru rinoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana: rinoshandiswa kuchera gomba redendere, kutema mapazi, uye kuchera makwati emuti. Vanoshandisa miromo yavo yakaita semuromo kukweva makonye nezvipembenene kubva muhuni.
Uye zvamazvirokwazvo, muromo unoshandiswa kuridza ngoma, kugogodza, uye kurova sando: madhiri makwapa ane makwapa anorira pachinhu chose chine ruzha: pahunde dzemiti dzisina mhango, mapazi akafa, asiwo pamigero kana mafuremu emahwindo. Asi mhembwe huru dzine mavara dzinotsungirira sei kurova nesando kwechisimba?
Zvakangoreruka: Vane chinochinjika, chinochinjika chinobatika pakati pechigadziko chemuromo nedehenya, chinoita sechinhu chinokatyamadza. Vanewo mhasuru dzakasimba kuseri kwemisoro yavo uye mapfupa akasimba. Huni huru dzine mavara dzinoramba dziri mundima yadzo gore rose. Shiri dzinobva kuchamhembe nekumabvazuva kweEurope, kune rumwe rutivi, dzinotama kumaodzanyemba munguva yechando, semuenzaniso kuenda kuchamhembe kweGermany.
Mukati meupenyu hwadzo, mhembwe huru dzine mavara dzinoveza mapako akawanda ayo anoshandiswawo nemamwe marudzi eshiri. Mazizi ePygmy anogara achiberekera mumakomba akasiiwa ehuni, asi nyeredzi, matinji, uye kunyange zviremwaremwa, tsindi, kana dormouse vanofarira kupinda mumakomba ehuni semaroja matsva.
Shamwari nevavengi vehuni huru ine mavara
Zvikara zvidiki zvakaita semartens neshiri dzinodya seshiri nerukova kana mazizi ane tawny nemamwe mazizi zvine njodzi kune pwere dzine makwapa.
Mhuni huru ine mavara inobereka sei?
Apo hono dzeGreat Spotted Woodpecker dzinorwira hadzi pakupfimbana, dzinovhura muromo wadzo ndokusimudza minhenga yemusoro. Kana mukono uchinge wabata hadzi, mbiri idzi dzinogara pamwe chete kwemwaka mumwe wekubereka. Vanoveza - kazhinji pamwe chete - 30 kusvika 50 centimita yakadzika yebhudhi nemuromo wavo.
Kana yasangana, hadzi inokandira mazai machena mana kana manomwe. Izvi zvinojairira hono nehadzi zvichichinjana kwemazuva gumi nerimwe kusvika gumi nematatu. Vana vanopihwa zvekudya nevabereki vese kwemavhiki matatu kusvika mana kusvika vabhururuka uye vazvimiririra. Vanokura pabonde pazera regore.