Mary Allen
Chinyararire, chisina kuoma, chisina hanya - uye pamusoro pezvose zvisiri chepfu. Zvino kana izvo zvisingaite sewaunogara naye akakwana. Izvi zvinoreva nyoka yechibage, iyo inonakidzwa chaizvo nemukurumbira mukuru semhuka. Terrarium connoisseurs vanoonga maitiro avo akareruka, asi kunyanya kusiyana kwavo kwemavara, ayo akakura zvakanakisa mumakumi mashoma emakore ekuberekesa. Munyika yavo, kuNorth America, inoonekwa semuteveri wetsika ine rugare, uye nekudaro inowana chikafu chakakwana uye kugamuchirwa munharaunda yevanhu. Munyika ino, nyoka yechibage inonyanya kuwanikwa mu terrariums, nevose vanotanga uye vane ruzivo vanofarira zvezvipenyu. Hameno imwe nyoka yekumanikidza nekukwira inoita seisina mubvunzo sevanogara navo nguva zhinji senyoka yechibage.
Zvinofadza chokwadi pamusoro pezviyo nyoka
Nyoka yechibage ine zita rayo nekuda kwekuiswa kwayo semuteveri wetsika. Inogara kazhinji muminda yechibage yakarimwa, matendere mumatura uye ruvara rwayo zvakare runotaridzika zvakafanana nechibage cheIndia.
Zita rekutanga resainzi Pantherophis guttatus rinorevawo kurudziro yavo. Zvakaturikirwa, izvi zvinoreva chinhu chakaita se“nyoka ine makwapa”.
Panyaya yehurongwa, nyoka yechibage ndeyerudzi rweAmerican nyoka dzinokwira uye, mupfungwa yakafara, kune superfamily yenyoka nenyoka. Mune mamwe mazwi, iyo isiri-huturu constrictor.
Nhoroondo yenyoka yechibage
Origin: North America, kunyanya kumhenderekedzo yekumabvazuva pakati peNew York neFlorida Keys pamwe neMississippi, Louisiana neTennessee.
Kureba kwemuviri: Ø 120 kusvika 150 cm, kashoma kupfuura 180 cm
Kurema: 200 kusvika 800 g zvichienderana nezera uye chimiro chekudya
Zera: kusvika kumakore makumi maviri uye kupfuura
Mararamiro: kunyanya kushingaira manheru uye usiku, inenge mwedzi mina yekurara
Zvokudya: zvipuka zviduku, amphibians, zvinokambaira, shiri, mazai
Colourations: Basic color matt grey kune yakanyanya brown-orange; chigaro chezvigamba zveorenji kusvika kutsvuku tsvuku; ventral side ine yakajairika checkerboard pattern; chishongo chinoshanduka pamusoro pemusoro; Mitsetse yekuberekesa ine nhamba huru yezvakasiyana.
Zvinotozonetsa nenyoka yechibage panyaya yekuziva bonde. Nekuti izvi - zvirinani kunze kunze - hazvigoneke kusiyanisa mumhuka diki, mumhuka dzakura chete kusvika pamwero wakaganhurirwa pahwaro hwechikamu chemuswe chinowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma uye nenhamba diki ye subcaudals (yakawedzera nyanga mazero ari pasi peiyo. muswe). Zvose zvinogona kuonekwa chete mukuenzanisa kwakananga pakati pevarume nevakadzi. Chiremba wemhuka anogona kupa ruzivo rwuri nani kuburikidza nekuongorora kana kuongorora ropa.
Maitiro uye peculiarities mune zvakasikwa
Nyoka dzezviyo kazhinji dzakanaka chaizvo dzinokwira. Pamusoro pezvo, mayero avo edumbu anoumbwa achikwira kumusoro kumicheto, kuitira kuti vape rutsigiro rwakakwana pamusoro penzvimbo yese yenyoka.
Zvichienderana nekukurumidza, nyoka dzinogona kufamba panzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana (kunyangwe mumvura) uye hadzisi shoma nekuda kweiyi vavhimi vanoshamisa. Mhuka yavo haingori chete yemhuka diki dzisina dziviriro, asiwo neasina mashoma agile samples.
Kunyange zvakadaro, nyoka inonzi imhuka inobhururuka. Angatorega hake basa pane kukuvara. Zvisinei, kana ikatyisidzirwa zvakananga, inosimuka muchimiro chekuzvidzivirira chenyoka uye inogona kurwisa nekupenya nekuruma kwekudzivirira. Zvisinei, izvi hazvina chepfu.
Nzira yekuvandira inoshandiswa pakuvhima. Zvichida nyoka inomirira kusvikira mhuka inenge yabatwa yauya pedyo nayo kana kuti inoverevedza pachivande. Kunzwa kwake kunhuhwirira kwakanaka kunomubatsira. Nyoka haingokwanise kuronda mhuka yayo chete nerurimi rwayo neforogo, inoshandawo sekutarisa kwenzvimbo.
Hazvishamisi kuti nyoka yechibage inoguma yava mumiti, umo inotapa mazai nemanyana kubva mumatendere eshiri. Kuurayiwa nekudzipwa. Kuti iite izvi, mhuka yacho inorumwa zvakasimba apo mutumbi wenyoka unozvimonera pamunhu wacho kanoverengeka uye zvakasimba uye zvakasimba, kusvikira nhengo dzomukati dzapera. Chinhu chakakosha muviri wenyoka inoshamisa ine tsandanyama uye shaya inonyanduka, izvo zvinoita kuti mhuka yakabatwa imedzwe.
Kuvhima kunoenda chete. Zvikasadaro, nyoka dzechibage hadzisi kusungirwa kugarisana. Kazhinji imhuka dzinogara dziri dzoga dzinongouya pamwe chete kuti dzibatane. Vana vanenge vongokandira mazai. Kurwa kweTurf hakuwanzorwiwa uye kazhinji kunopera mushure memutsimba pasina kukuvara kwakanyanya. Munguva yechando, zvisinei, gumi nemaviri emuenzaniso anowanzo kuungana munzvimbo dzakafanira dzekuvanda, kwaanopedza chando pamwechete.
Nyoka yechibage mu terrarium
Kusiyana neanorarama akasununguka, nyoka yechibage inochengetwa haina mvumo yekuvhima. Kwete nekuti aisada kana kusakwanisa, asi nekuti mutemo uripo unorambidza kuuraya nekudyisa mhuka dzine vertebrate dziri vapenyu. Sezvineiwo, nyoka ine hupfumi zvekuti inogutswa nechikafu chakanyungudutswa nechando uye inogona kuita pasina mitambo yekuvhima.
Zvikasadaro, nyoka yechibage haiite zvakanyanyisa zvinoda pakuichengeta. Zvakadaro, izvi zvinofanirwa kugadzirwa sezvipenyu-zvakakodzera sezvinobvira uye zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvese izvo nyoka ine hutano, hupenyu hunofadza.
Terrariums yezviyo nyoka
Mufurati, nyoka yechibage inofamba ichienda kune terrarium yakagadzirwa nematanda uye / kana girazi, iyo inovimbisa kukwana kwemhepo kutenderera. Nzvimbo yakachengetedzwa inofanira kusarudzwa senzvimbo, kure nekudonha, zuva rakananga, ruzha uye kuzununguka. Kumashure kwakasimba uye madziro emadziro, akagadzirwa nematanda kana cork, somuenzaniso, anopa kudzivirirwa kwakanakisisa. Girazi remberi rinokurudzirwa kuti rikwane masikati uye, hongu, yekuyemura uye kuongorora nyoka.
Terrariums inogona kutengwa muhukuru hwakasiyana, zvichienderana nerudzi uye nhamba yevagari. Inosvika 130 x 70 x 130 cm (LxHxD) inofanira kuwanikwa panyoka imwe chete yechibage. Mutemo wegumbo unowanzo:
Kureba kwemuviri masendimita * (1 x 0.5 x 1) = kureba x kureba x kudzika mumasendimita
Ziva kuti formula iyi inongoverengera zvishoma. Nyoka dzinodawo kuziva, dzinoda kuongorora zvakatenderedza uye kutora makumbo muchikwere. Mukuwedzera, nyoka dzezviyo dzinogona kuchengetwa dziri mbiri uye mapoka, asi zvechokwadi izvi zvinofanira kuverengwa pakusarudza ukuru hwe terrarium.
Iyo chibage nyoka terrarium inoda tekinoroji inotevera semidziyo yakakosha:
Radiant heater ine UV chikamu chekudziya kusvika approx. 25 kusvika 30 ° C (10-12 maawa masikati)
Mavara, kupisa kwepasi kwepasi, kupisa ndiro kana matombo anopisa e "zuva" (masikati)
Kana zvichidikanwa, kutonhodza masisitimu ekutonhodza kusvika ku20°C (husiku) kana yekurara
Thermometers uye hygrometers munzvimbo dzinenge mbiri, pamwe chete nenguva
Air humidifier kana kanenge bhodhoro rekupfapfaidza remanyoro humidification kusvika approx. 50 - 60% humidity (usafafadze mhuka zvakananga!)
Iyo setup ye terrarium inofanira kunyanya kupa yakakwana yekudzokera uye nzvimbo dzekuvanda dzisina kudziya zvakananga kana kuvhenekerwa. Izvi zvinogona kuva, semuenzaniso, kutevedzera dombo, matombo chaiwo uye slabs, midzi, cork tubes nemapako akasiyana-siyana. Hazvifaniri kukanganwa ibhokisi rakanyorova, umo mhuka dzinogona kudurura ganda radzo nyore nyore kana hunyoro hwemhepo huri pamusoro. Moulting zvakare inotsigirwa nenzvimbo dzakashata. Sezvo nyoka dzichida kukwira, chimiro pamusoro pemazinga akati wandei chakanakira izvi. Matanho emapuranga, liana kana midzi yakaturika uye tambo dzakasimba dzinobatanidza zvikamu zvakasiyana.
Zvidyarwa zveTerrarium hazvidikanwe zvachose, asi shongedza nzvimbo diki yekushongedza uye nekupa dzimwe nzvimbo dzekuvanda. Nyoka hadzina kutsenga kana kubvarura zvirimwa, saka hapana kupokana apa. Izvo zvakakosha chete kutarisisa kune ivhu rakakodzera rinodyisa zvirimwa (kunze kwekunge iri zvirimwa zvekugadzira), asi zvakare inoshamwaridzana nenyoka. Dry substrates senge bark mulch, coconut substrate uye fine-grained bark litter zvakaratidza kukosha kwazvo, sekutsikirira ivhu reterrarium.
Uyezve, dziva remvura rinofanira kuvapo, zvose zvokunwa uye nokuda kwokugezera apo neapo nokutonhodza. Kazhinji, nyoka dzezviyo hadzifarire kuve mumvura, kunyangwe dzichishambira. Pakunwa, zvisinei, vanosarudza mabheseni makuru, asina kudzika panzvimbo pendiro duku yemvura yokunwa. Mvura yakachena inofanira kuwanikwa uye kuchengetwa yakachena mazuva ose, kunyange panguva yekurara.
Sezvo kusarudza bonde kunogara kusinganzwisisike, zvinokurudzirwa kupa zai-kukandira nzvimbo kana uchichengeta mhuka dzakati wandei kuitira kudzivirira chero matambudziko ekukandira. Chigadziko chakaparadzana chine substrate yakanyorova zvishoma iyo inowanikwa nguva dzose yakakwana.
Kudya, kudya, nekutsanya
Sezvatotaurwa, nyoka dzechibage hadzizovhimi mu terrarium. Nzvimbo yekudyisa inogona, asi haifanire kudaro, inogara yakafanana kuitira kuunza zvimwe zvakasiyana muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Nyoka ine hutano, yakura yechibage inowanzodyiswa masvondo maviri kusvika matatu ega ega, nepwere nguva yevhiki imwe inokurudzirwa. Nyaya yekuti nyoka dzechibage dzinowanzoshanda usiku uye manheru inofanira kucherechedzwa pakudyisa. Pakati pezuva uye mukupisa kunopisa, shanduko inodziya pfungwa yaizove yakanyanya kunonoka uye zvinoenderana nekugayiwa, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kumatambudziko ehutano.
Kana mhuka irimo, mhembwe inoidya nokukara isingazezi. Pashure paizvozvo, anoda mvura yakawanda uye kutozororera kuti anyatsogaya. Izvi zvinoguma neimwe rhythm.
Mbeva dzakaomeswa, semuenzaniso, dzinogona kunge dziri pamenyu nenzira yechinyakare. Izvi zvinonyungudutswa uye zvinodziyirwa kutenderedza tembiricha yemuviri (inenge 35 kusvika 40°C). Huchi, hamster, matatya, hove uye dzimwe mhuka diki dzinogona kudyiswa maererano neiyo musimboti. Hukuru hwemhuka hunofanirwa kuenderana neiyo nyoka. Mazai anogona kudyiswa mambishi pasina matambudziko - salmonella chikamu chechimiro chemukati chemukati wenyoka yechibage zvakadaro.
Kana iwe ukachengeta nyoka dzakawanda dzechibage, iwe unofanirwa kutarisa kudyisa zvakanyanya kana, kana zvichidikanwa, kuparadzanisa mhuka kwenguva pfupi kusvikira munhu wese awana mugove wavo. Zvisinei, kudyisa pachayo hakufaniri kukanganiswa, kana zvikasadaro mhuka dzinogona kutiza ndokupotsa mukana wavo wokudyiswa.
Mhuka dzemhuka dzinogonawo kugadzirirwa nemavhithamini uye, kana zvichidiwa, nemishonga. Izvi zvinobvumira mamiriro ehutano hwenyoka kuti adzorerwe zvakanaka.
Hibernation mu terrarium
Hibernation yakakoshawo kune hutano hwenyoka yechibage. Mienzaniso yakati wandei inodawo kubuda munzvimbo yekuhwanda uye kupedza nguva yekuzorora inosvika mwedzi mina pamwe chete. Panguva iyi, mhuka hadzidyi. Zvisinei, mvura yokunwa yakachena ichiri kukosha.
Iyo hibernation mu terrarium "inoziviswa" nekushisa uye chiedza chekuvhenekera. Kuchinja kwemwaka kunoedzerwa, kureva kuti mazuva nenguva dzemwenje dzinoita diki, tembiricha dzinodzika kusvika pa10°C uye chikafu chinobva chadzikira kusvika chazomira zvachose. Zvese izvi zvinhu zvinofanirwa kurongeka zvakanaka kuitira kuti zviratidzike sezvakasikwa sezvinobvira. Nyoka dzezviyo dzinowanzogamuchira uku kunofungidzirwa kutendeuka kwegore mu terrarium zvakanyanya.
Chikamu chekuzorora chakakosha pakuzvarwa patsva uye kumutsiridza. Sezvo hurongwa hwese hunovhara, muviri unogona kubvisa uye kupora. Kana hibernation ikarambwa, tarisiro yehupenyu inodzikiswa zvinooneka, uye hutano huzhinji hunotambura zvishoma. Naizvozvo, chikamu chegore ichi chakakosha zvakanyanya uye chinofanirwa kunge chiri mukufarira kwevanofarira nyoka dzechibage.
Mazano ekuchengeta nyoka yechibage
Nyoka dzechibage dziri nyore kutarisira zvechokwadi. Kana iyo tekinoroji yave yakanyatso kugadziridzwa uye otomatiki, musimboti inongoda kupihwa chikafu nguva nenguva uye kucheneswa chete apo neapo. Kana iwe usingawanzodya, iwe hauwanzo kubviswa. Nyoka dzechibage dzinoshandisa chikafu chadzo nemazvo, kuitira kuti dzikwanise kurarama nazvo kwenguva yakareba.
Sezvineiwo, muchengeti anofanira kungobvisa nhaka, kunyanya matehwe kubva mubhokisi rakanyorova, kana zvichidikanwa. Mvura yekunwa inofanira kunge yakachena uye tekinoroji nemidziyo zvinofanirwa kunge zviri muchimiro chakanaka.
Kana zvisina kudaro, nyoka yechibage "zvikomba" pachayo. Nekukwesha panzvimbo dzakashata, semuenzaniso, inomutsa kunyungudika kwayo. Kashoma chaizvo uye kana zvichidiwa kuti rubatsiro runodiwa. Somuenzaniso, mazino anokura zvakare kana akarasika.
Chaizvoizvo, matambudziko ehunhu kana kusarongeka mukuzvitarisira kweadder zviratidzo zvehutano uye zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa zvakanyanya sekudaro. Kana nyoka iri mumvura kwenguva yakareba kudarika nguva, hunyoro hunogona kunge husina kunaka kana kuti inopisa zvakanyanya mu terrarium. Kana akaramba zvokudya zvacho, anogona kunge asingachagayi zvakanaka kana kurwara neimwe nzira. Ganda mite uye shanduko mu mucous membranes zvakare inowanzoitika.
Kana paine fungidziro ipi neipi, zvose ganda rakadeuka netsvina zvinogona kuongororwa kuti hapana zvipembenene here. Nechinangwa ichi, masampuli anotumirwa kurabhoritari uye anoongororwa zvakanyanya ipapo. Dzimwe nguva nzira yekuenda kune vet inodiwa, semuenzaniso munyaya yekuzvimba kweganda. Kana paine kusahadzika, mudziyo wekutakura wakakodzera unofanira kugara uri pedyo.
Neruzivo rwunouya zvakanyanya kudzidzira kuita kumatambudziko kana mibvunzo yekutarisira. Vapfuri, masangano uye masangano ekuchengetedza mhuka achabatsira kana zvichidikanwa nemazano uye chiito. Zvisinei, kana muridzi wacho ari pazororo kana kuti asipo, munhu akavimbika anofanira kupiwa basa rokuchengeta nyoka dzacho kwenguva pfupi. Mumwe munhu anotora zvishoma mvura yakachena uye kutonga kwemaitiro ehunyanzvi.
Idzo nyoka dzechibage pachadzo hadzizonyatsoona mutsauko, hadzisi kunyanya vanhu kana kunyara. Nekushivirira zvishoma, vanogona kubatwa uye kutorwa pasina matambudziko. Zvisinei, havambofi vakakumbira mapats kana kuita manomano. Ivo vanonyanya kuruma senzira yekudzivirira. Kune zvienzaniso zvinowanzoita zvehasha, saka zvakakosha kupfeka magirovhosi akakosha kana hoko yenyoka kuti ufambise mhuka.
Kana ukarumwa, hapana kurwadziwa kwehero kana chimwe chinhu chakadaro chakakumirira. Kuvhunduka kwekufamba-kufanana nemheni kunowanzova kukuru. Nyoka dziya dzinoregedza pakarepo, dzichisiya kanenge kadiki kezino kemazino kanogona kubuda ropa nyore kana, kana zvanyanya, kubatwa nechirwere. Sekuchengetedza, iwe unofanirwa kugara uchigeza maoko ako usati watanga uye mushure mekuvabata mu terrarium - kuitira kubatsirwa kwemuridzi uye nyoka yezviyo. Pashure pezvose, vose vanoda kufadzana kwenguva refu.