Beaver

Beaver vagadziri venzvimbo chaiyo: vanovaka nhare nemadhamu, nzizi dzemadhamu, uye vanotema miti. Izvi zvinogadzira hugaro hutsva hwezvirimwa nemhuka.

unhu

Beavers inoratidzika sei?

Beavers ndiyo yechipiri makonzo makuru pasi rose. Macapybara ekuSouth America chete anokura. Muviri wavo wakarebesa uye wakarebesa uye unokura kusvika masendimita zana. Chimiro chebeaver ndechekuti yakatsetseka, inosvika masendimita gumi nenhanhatu yakafara, isina mvere, iyo yakareba 100 kusvika 16 centimita kureba. Beaver yakakura inorema kusvika makirogiramu makumi matatu nemashanu. Hadzi dzinowanzoti kurei kupfuura varume.

Hura hwakakora hwebeaver hunonyanya kushamisa: parutivi rwedumbu, kune 23,000 bvudzi paskweya centimita yeganda, kumashure, kune anosvika zviuru gumi nezviviri zvebvudzi pa square centimita. Mukupesana, bvudzi 12,000 chete paskweya sentimita rinomera pamusoro wemunhu. Uhu hushe hwakasvibira hwakanyanyisa hunoita kuti mabheya arambe achidziya uye akaoma kwemaawa akawanda, kunyange ari mumvura. Nemhaka yemakushe adzo anokosha, bhiza dzaiwanzovhimwa zvisina tsitsi kusvika pakutsakatika.

Beaver anonyatso kujairana nehupenyu mumvura: nepo tsoka dzemberi dzichikwanisa kubata semaoko, zvigunwe zveshure zvine dandemutande. Chigunwe chechipiri chetsoka dzeshure chine claw kaviri, iyo inonzi claw yekuchenesa, iyo inoshandiswa semuzinga wekutarisira fur. Mhino nenzeve zvinogona kuvharwa kana uchityaira, uye maziso anodzivirirwa ari pasi pemvura nemaziso akajeka anonzi nictitating membrane.

Incisors yebeaver iri kushamisawo: Iine mutsetse weenamel yeruvara rweorenji (ichi chinhu chinoita kuti mazino aome), yakareba kusvika masendimita 3.5, uye inoramba ichikura muhupenyu hwavo hwose.

Beavers vanogara kupi?

Mhuka yeEuropean beaver inowanikwa kuFrance, England, Germany, Scandinavia, Eastern Europe, uye Russia kuchamhembe kweMongolia. Mune dzimwe nharaunda umo mabheya akaparadzwa, iye zvino akadzorerwa zvinobudirira, semuenzaniso mune dzimwe nzvimbo muBavaria uye paElbe.

Mabea anoda mvura: Anogara uye mumvura inononoka kuyerera uye yakamira inodzika 1.5 metres. Vanonyanya kufarira nzizi nemadziva akakomberedzwa nemasango emujinga mezvikomo uko kunokura nemikonachando, poplar, aspen, birch, uye alder. Zvakakosha kuti mvura irege kuoma uye haina kuoma pasi muchando.

Ndeapi marudzi emabheya aripo?

Pamusoro peEuropean beaver yedu (Castor fiber), kune zvakare Canadian beaver (Castor canadensis) muNorth America. Nhasi tinoziva, zvisinei, kuti ose ari maviri rudzi rumwe uye akafanana uye haatombosiana kubva kune rimwe nerimwe. Zvisinei, beaver yekuCanada yakati kurei kupfuura yeEurope, uye mvere dzayo dzakawedzera dzvuku-brown muruvara.

Beavers vanosvika makore mangani?

Musango, mabhii anorarama makore anosvika makumi maviri, ari muusungwa, anogona kurarama kusvika kumakore makumi matatu nemashanu.

Kuzvibata

Beavers vanogara sei?

Beaver nguva dzose inogara mumvura uye pedyo nemvura. Vanofamba-famba panyika zvisina musoro, asi mumvura, vanhu vanoshambira uye vanosvetukira. Vanogona kugara pasi pemvura kusvika maminetsi gumi nemashanu. Beaver vanogara munharaunda imwe chete kwemakore akawanda. Vanomaka miganhu yenharaunda neimwe yakavanzika yemafuta, iyo castorum. Beavers imhuka dzemhuri: vanogara nemumwe wavo uye nevana vegore rapfuura uye vadiki vegore razvino. Nzvimbo huru yekugara yemhuri yebeaver ndicho chivakwa:

Inosanganisira bako rekugara pedyo nemvura, musuo uri pasi pemvura. Mukati mayo makaputirwa nezvinomera zvakapfava. Kana mahombekombe erwizi asina kukwirira zvakakwana uye denga revhu pamusoro pebako rekugara rakanyanya kutetepa, vanounganidza matavi nematavi, vachigadzira chikomo, iyo inonzi beaver lodge.

Beaver lodge inogona kusvika mamita gumi paupamhi nemamita maviri kuenda mudenga. Chivako ichi chakanyatsoiswa insulated zvekuti kunyangwe mukati mechando hachiomese mukati. Zvisinei, mhuri yebeaver inowanzova nemakomba maduku akawanda pedyo negomba guru, umo, semuenzaniso, mukono nepwere dzegore rapfuura dzinobuda panongozvarwa vana vatsva.

Mabhera ehusiku ndivo vavaki vane hunyanzvi: kana kudzika kwemvura yedhamu yavo kana rwizi kukadonha pasi pemasendimita makumi mashanu, vanotanga kuvaka madhamu kuti vadzivise mvura zvakare kuitira kuti musuwo wenhare yavo unyudzwe zvakare uye udzivirirwe kubva kuvavengi. Pamadziro evhu nematombo, vanovaka madhamu eunyanzvi uye akatsiga zvikuru ane mapazi nehunde dzemiti.

Vanogona kudonha hunde dzemiti nehupamhi hunosvika mita imwe. Muusiku humwe vanogadzira trunk nehupamhi hwemasendimita makumi mana. Madhamu acho anowanzo kureba pakati pemamita mashanu ne40 uye anosvika 30 metres kureba. Asi zvinonzi kwange kune madhamu ebeaver anga akareba mamita mazana maviri.

Dzimwe nguva zvizvarwa zvakawanda zvemhuri yebeaver zvinovaka madhamu munharaunda yavo kwenhambo yemakore; vanoachengeta uye anoawedzera. Munguva yechando, bhiza dzinowanzochera gomba mudhamu. Izvi zvinobvisa imwe mvura uye zvinogadzira mhepo pasi peaizi. Izvi zvinoita kuti mabhiya ashambire mumvura ari pasi peaizi.

Nemabasa adzo okuvaka, mabheya anova nechokwadi chokuti mwero wemvura munharaunda yawo unoramba uripo sezvaunokwanisa. Mukuwedzera, mafashamo nemadhaka anosikwa, umo miti yakawanda isingawanzowanikwi nemhuka inowana nzvimbo yekugara. Apo bhiza rinobva munharaunda yadzo, mwero wemvura unonyura, nyika inooma uye miti nemhuka dzakawanda zvinonyangarika zvakare.