Mary Allen
Nhanganyaya: The Alberta Wild Horse huwandu
Boka reAlberta Wild Horse iboka remabhiza anofamba akasununguka anogara mujinga memakomo eRocky muAlberta, Canada. Mabhiza aya zvizvarwa zvemabhiza epamba akasunungurwa kana kutiza kubva kumapurazi nemapurazi mukutanga kwema1900. Vakajaira kugara musango uye vave chikamu chakakosha cheAlberta ecosystem. IAlberta Wild Horses inzvimbo yakasarudzika uye yakakosha iyo inoda kuchengetedzwa uye kubatwa nemazvo.
Iyo genetic maitiro eAlberta Wild Horses
MaAlberta Wild Horses musanganiswa wemhando dzakasiyana dzemabhiza epamba, zvinoreva kuti ane akasiyana geneti makeup. Izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kubatsira kune huwandu hwevanhu sezvo zvichigona kuwedzera kugona kwavo kuchinjika kune nharaunda yavo. Nekudaro, zvinoreva zvakare kuti mamwe mabhiza anogona kutakura genetic mutations inogona kukonzera chirwere. Idzi shanduko dzinogona kunge dzakaunzwa muhuwandu kuburikidza nekuberekesa mabhiza emumba kana kuburikidza nemachinjiro asina kurongeka anoitika nekufamba kwenguva.
Chii chinonzi genetic chirwere?
Chirwere chemajini chirwere chinokonzerwa nekusagadzikana muDNA yemunhu. Ichi chisina kujairika chinogona kugarwa nhaka kubva kumubereki mumwe kana vese kana kuti chinogona kungoitika chega panguva yekukura kwe "embryo". Zvirwere zveGenetic zvinogona kukanganisa chero chikamu chemuviri uye zvinogona kuva nemhando yemhedzisiro, kubva kunyoro kusvika kune yakanyanya. Kuoma kwechirwere chemajini kunogona kuenderana nezvinhu zvakasiyana, senge shanduko chaiyo uye nharaunda yemunhu.
Mienzaniso yezvirwere zvemajini mumhuka
Kune zvirwere zvakawanda zvemajini zvinobata mhuka, kusanganisira mabhiza. Mimwe mienzaniso yezvirwere zvemajini mumabhiza inosanganisira Equine Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (EPSM), iyo inokanganisa tsandanyama dzebhiza, uye Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP), iyo inokanganisa tsinga dzebhiza. Zvose izvi zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nekushanduka kwemajini chaiwo.
Zvirwere zvinogona kuitika muAlberta Wild Horses
Nekuti maAlberta Wild Horses musanganiswa wemhando dzakasiyana dzemabhiza epamba, anogona kutakura shanduko dzinokonzera zvirwere zvemajini. Zvimwe zvezvirwere zvinogona kuitika muAlberta Wild Horses zvinosanganisira izvo zvinokanganisa tsandanyama, tsinga, uye immune system. Zvisinei, pasina kuongororwa kwemajini, zvakaoma kuziva kupararira kwezvirwere izvi muhuwandu.
Zvikonzero zvengozi yezvirwere zvemajini muhuwandu hwemabhiza emusango
Huwandu hwemabhiza emusango hunogona kunge huri panjodzi yakawedzera yezvirwere zvemajini nekuda kwezvinhu zvakaita sekuberekesa, genetic drift, uye huwandu hushoma hwevanhu. Inbreeding inogona kutungamira mukuunganidzwa kwekuchinja kunokuvadza, nepo genetic drift inogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kunobatsira genetic variation. Hukuru hwehuwandu hwevanhu hunogona kuwedzera mukana wezvirwere zvemajini zvichipfuudzwa kubva kuchizvarwa kuenda kune chimwe chizvarwa.
Kuongororwa kweGenetic uye kuongororwa kwemabhiza emusango
Kuongororwa kweGenetic kunogona kushandiswa kuona shanduko dzinokonzera zvirwere zvemajini mumabhiza emusango. Iyi bvunzo inogona kubatsira kuona vanhu vanotakura shanduko idzi uye inogona kuzivisa kupfuya nekutonga sarudzo. Genetic test inogonawo kushandiswa kuongorora mabhiza ari kuratidza zviratidzo zvechirwere chemajini.
Kukanganisa kwezvirwere zvemajini pahuwandu hwemabhiza emusango
Zvirwere zveGenetic zvinogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kuhuwandu hwemabhiza emusango. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvinogona kukonzera kusagadzikana kwemuviri uye hunhu izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kupona kwebhiza nekubereka. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvingasava nemigumisiro inooneka pahutano hwebhiza asi inogona kupfuudzwa kune zvizvarwa zvinotevera.
Maitiro ekutarisira ezvirwere zvemajini mumabhiza emusango
Kune akati wandei manejimendi nzira dzinogona kushandiswa kuderedza kukanganiswa kwezvirwere zvemajini muhuwandu hwemabhiza emusango. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuongororwa kwemajini uye kusarudzwa, manejimendi ekurera, uye kuongorora huwandu hwevanhu. Kuongororwa kweGenetic kunogona kubatsira kuona vanhu vanotakura zvirwere zvemajini uye vanogona kuzivisa sarudzo dzekubereka. Kutarisira kubereka kunogona kubatsira kuderedza kuwanda kwekuchinja kunokuvadza muhuwandu. Kutariswa kwevanhu kunogona kubatsira kuona shanduko mukuwanda kwezvirwere zvemajini nekufamba kwenguva.
Basa rekuedza kuchengetedza mukudzivirira zvirwere zvemajini
Kuedza kuchengetedza kunogona kuita basa rinokosha mukudzivirira zvirwere zvemajini muhuwandu hwemabhiza emusango. Kuedza uku kunogona kusanganisira kutonga kwenzvimbo, kutonga kwezvikara, uye kuongorora huwandu hwevanhu. Nekuchengetedza nzvimbo dzekugara dzine hutano uye kuderedza kudzvinyirirwa, kuedza kuchengetedza kunogona kubatsira kuwedzera hutano hwese hwehuwandu hwemabhiza emusango. Kutariswa kwevanhu kunogona kubatsirawo kuona shanduko mukuwanda kwezvirwere zvemajini nekufamba kwenguva uye kuzivisa manejimendi sarudzo.
Mhedziso: Kudikanwa kwekuenderera mberi nekutsvaga nekutariswa
Mukupedzisa, zvirwere zvemajini zvinogona kukanganisa hutano uye kurarama kwehuwandu hwemabhiza emusango. Kutsvagisa kwakawanda kunodiwa kuona kuwanda kwezvirwere zvemajini muAlberta Wild Horse huwandu uye kugadzira nzira dzekutonga dzinoshanda. Kuenderera mberi kwekutarisa kwehuwandu kwakakoshawo kuona shanduko mukuwanda kwezvirwere zvemajini nekufamba kwenguva. Nekutora matanho ekudzivirira uye kugadzirisa zvirwere zvemajini mumabhiza emusango, tinogona kubatsira kuve nechokwadi chekupona kwenguva refu kwehuwandu hwakakosha uhu.
Mareferenzi uye kuverenga zvakare
- Fraser, D., & Houpt, KA (2015). Equine maitiro: gwara kune veterinarians uye equine masayendisiti. Elsevier Health Sayenzi.
- Gus Cothran, E. (2014). Genetic musiyano mubhiza remazuva ano uye hukama hwaro nebhiza rekare. Equine genomics, 1-26.
- IUCN SSC Equid Nyanzvi Boka. (2016). Equus ferus ssp. przewalskii. Iyo IUCN Dzvuku Rondedzero yeZvisikwa Zviri Mungozi 2016: e.T7961A45171200.
- Kaczensky, P., Ganbaatar, O., Altansukh, N., Enkhbileg, D., Stauffer, C., & Walzer, C. (2011). Mamiriro uye kugoverwa kweAsiatic mhuka yemusango muMongolia. Oryx, 45(1), 76-83.
- National Research Council (US) Komiti yeMabhiza Emusango uye Burro Management. (1980). Mabhiza emusango uye burros: mhedziso. National Academy Press.