Mary Allen
Ochita kafukufuku afufuza mmene mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbalame imaphunzirirana.
M’kafukufuku wakale wa mawere akuluakulu, ofufuza a University of Cambridge (GB) anasonyeza kuti mbalamezi zimaphunzira kuchokera ku zimene zinawachitikira komanso mmene zimakhalira. “Tinapeza kuti mbalame imodzi ikaona ina ikuthamangitsidwa ndi mtundu watsopano wa nyama, mbalame zonse ziŵirizo zimaipewa m’tsogolo,” akufotokoza motero katswiri wa zinyama, Rose Thorogood.
Tsopano iye ndi anzake afufuza ngati mbalame zamitundu yosiyanasiyana nazonso zimaphunzirana mwanjira imeneyi. Cholinga chinalinso pa mawere akuluakulu - komanso osadziwika bwino kwambiri a blue tit.
Gulu lofufuzalo linajambula mawere abuluu ochuluka akutsegula thumba la maamondi oviikidwa mu chinthu chowawa ndikuwalawa. Zochita za kunyansidwa - kutaya thumba ndikutsuka mlomo - zinatsatira nthawi yomweyo. Mavidiyo a malangizowa anasonyezedwa kwa mbalame. Ena mawere akuluakulu adawona momwe amachitira monyansidwa, pamene ena amawona mawere abuluu ndi mosemphanitsa. Pomaliza: Mosiyana ndi gulu loyang'anira, mbalame zonse zophunzitsa mavidiyo zimapewa maamondi owawa. Anaphunzira kuchokera ku mbalame zachilendo komanso zachilendo.
Funso Lofunsidwa Kawirikawiri
Kodi mbalame zimaganiza chiyani?
Mbalame zili ndi luso lodabwitsa la kuzindikira: kugwiritsa ntchito zida, kulingalira mozama, ndi luso la manambala. Timadziwa mmene zimakhalira akhwangwala akagwetsa mtedza mumsewu m’nyengo yophukira n’kumadikirira kuti galimoto iwathamangitse n’kuwaphwanyira.
Ndi mbalame ziti zomwe zimacheza?
Gray Thrushes amalankhulana mwaukadaulo - chifukwa amakhala momasuka. Gray Thrushes sachita chilichonse. Izi ndi zomwe gulu la akatswiri odziwa za mbalame zosiyanasiyana, akatswiri a primatologists, ndi akatswiri amaganizo afika.
Kodi mbalame zimalankhula bwanji?
Maitanidwe amatchedwa kulira komwe mumamva chaka chonse. “Matoni awa akumveka osavuta. Mbalamezi zimagwiritsa ntchito maitanidwewa pocheza (ma foni) kapena kuchenjezana za ngozi (ma foni ochenjeza). Komabe, m’nyengo yoswana m’ngululu, nyimbo za mbalame zimamveka.
Kodi kumvetsa mbalame?
Phunzirani kusiyanitsa pakati pa mbalame kumva bwino ndi kuchita mantha. Mbalame zomwe zili mumkhalidwe wogwirizana zimayimba, kusaka, kumenyana ndi mbalame zinzawo, zimapempha chakudya, ndi kupuma. Muyenera kukhala tsonga ndi kuzindikira pamene mbalame ikulira ndi mantha. Amachenjeza za adani akumlengalenga omwe amalankhula mokweza mawu.
Kodi mbalame ya chikhalidwe ndi chiyani?
Mitundu ina ya mbalame imatengedwa kuti ndi otsatira chikhalidwe chifukwa imatsatira anthu kumalo awo. Mbalameyi imakhalanso “mbalame ya chikhalidwe” m’lingaliro lenileni, chifukwa yaipanga kukhala ndakatulo zambiri ndi nyimbo zake.
Kodi mbalame imagona nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Ngakhale kuti tulo tating’ono ting’onoting’ono timapezekanso tikamagona pamtunda, nyama zomwe zili mumlengalenga zimangogona kwa ola limodzi mwa magawo atatu mwa anayi patsiku. Kumtunda, kumbali ina, amagona kwa maola oposa khumi ndi awiri. N’zosadabwitsa kuti mbalamezi zimagwiritsa ntchito bwanji tulo kuti zigwirizane ndi vuto limeneli.
Kodi mpheta zimacheza ndi anthu?
Mpheta ndi nyama zamasiku onse komanso zochezeka kwambiri. Amasonkhana m'magulu ang'onoang'ono kuti adyetse ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala usiku wonse pamodzi ndi anzawo m'mipanda kapena madenga obiriwira. Makhalidwe ambiri amalunjika ku moyo wa gulu komanso zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku.
Kodi mbalame zoweta kwambiri ndi ziti?
Budgies ndi amodzi mwa mbalame zodziwika kwambiri zomwe zimasungidwa ngati ziweto. Choncho ndiabwino kwa ana chifukwa amaweta msanga. Budgerigars ndi nyama zochezeka ndipo, pakangopita nthawi yochepa, fufuzani ndi anthu.
Ndi mbalame ziti zomwe zimakonda kukumbatirana?
Mbalame zina, monga mbalame za parrot, budgerigars, ndi parakeets, zimadziwika kuti zimasangalala kukhala ndi anthu kwambiri.
Ndi mbalame iti yomwe ili yabwino kwa ana?
Iwo ndi ang’onoang’ono, okongola, samagwira ntchito zambiri tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo samawononga ndalama zambiri kugula kapena kusunga. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kusunga ma budgerigars m'njira yopulumutsa malo ndikuwapatsa mosavuta achibale kuti asamalire panyengo ya tchuthi. Chifukwa chake, ma budgies amapanga ziweto zabwino za ana!