Mary Allen
Amphibians (los ntawm Greek thaum ub amphibium = ob-nyob), tseem hu ua amphibians, yog cov tsiaj ntshav txias thiab raug suav hais tias yog tus qub taxon ntawm thaj av nyob vertebrates. Thawj cov amphibians tau tshwm sim nyob ib ncig ntawm 400 lab xyoo dhau los hauv Devonian geological era. Yuav luag txhua tus neeg amphibians mus dhau qhov kev hu ua metamorphosis thaum lawv lub neej, uas txhais tau hais tias lawv cov duab hloov pauv. Ib qho piv txwv yooj yim ntawm qhov no yog Qav. Tadpoles tsim thawj zaug los ntawm fertilized spawn. Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus no ib tug kuj hais txog lub larval daim ntawv. Nyob rau lub asthiv, lub tadpole loj hlob thiab, nyob rau hauv ob peb kauj ruam, tig mus rau hauv ib tug qav. Nrog rau kev ua tiav ntawm metamorphosis, daim ntawv qub larval tau dhau los ua tus neeg laus. Txij ntawm no mus, tus amphibian ces nyob rau theem neeg laus (laus = laus).
Feem ntau amphibians kuj hloov lawv qhov chaw nyob nrog ua tiav metamorphosis. Tadpoles yog cov neeg nyob hauv dej ntshiab nrog cov pa ua pa. Qav ua pa los ntawm lawv lub ntsws, uas tshwm sim thaum metamorphosis. Vim li no, amphibians sawv cev rau kev sib txuas, yog li hais, ntawm cov tsiaj hauv dej thiab cov tsiaj hauv av. Vertebrates tej zaum tuaj txog ntawm ntug dej los ntawm qhov preform ntawm niaj hnub amphibians, uas hloov zuj zus los ntawm cov ntses pob txha.
Cov amphibians uas twb muaj lawm muab faib ua peb qhov kev txiav txim:
- Qav: xws li qav, nquab;
- Tailed amphibians: suav nrog newts, olm, axolotl, thiab salamander;
- Creeping amphibians: suav nrog ringworm.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm amphibians:
Amphibians (amphibians) muaj qee tus yam ntxwv uas yog qhov zoo rau cov chav kawm ntawm cov vertebrates. Tshwj xeeb, qhov no suav nrog kev muaj peev xwm ua metamorphosis, muaj cloaca, lossis poikilothermy. Hauv ib tus neeg mob, nws yuav tshwm sim tias tsis yog txhua tus yam ntxwv tau teev tseg ntawm no siv rau hom amphibian. Piv txwv li, tsis yog txhua tus amphibians yuav tsum muaj venom qog los yog ib qho kev pom zoo tshwj xeeb.
Ua pa: Raws li tus menyuam mos, kev ua pa tshwm sim ntawm cov gills, tom qab nyob rau hauv cov neeg laus theem ntawm lub ntsws.
Limbs: Amphibians muaj tag nrho plaub ceg ceg (ob ceg pem hauv ntej, ob txhais ceg hind). Hauv qee hom, cov extremities tshwm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv stunted.
Kev yug me nyuam: Cov qe yog fertilized sab nraum hauv dej. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias tsis muaj kev sib koom ua ke zoo li hauv cov tsiaj.
Venom: Ntau hom amphibian muaj venom qog ntawm lawv daim tawv nqaij.
Kev ua pa ntawm daim tawv nqaij: Ib feem me me ntawm cov pa oxygen yuav tsum tau nqus los ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm amphibian.
Cloaca : Amphibians tsuas muaj ib qho kev tawm mus rau qhov tso zis thiab qhov quav, lub npe hu ua cloaca.
Spawn: Lub larvae ntawm amphibian hatch los ntawm spawn.
Habitat: Amphibians tuaj yeem nyob hauv dej thiab hauv av. Qhov tseem ceeb nyob ntawm theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm amphibian.
Metamorphosis: Amphibians raug kev loj hlob (metamorphosis) los ntawm larva mus rau cov neeg laus. Hauv cov txheej txheem, feem ntau hom amphibian hloov ntawm cov tsiaj hauv dej mus rau cov tsiaj hauv av.
Poikilothermy: Txhua tus amphibians yog ntshav txias. Koj lub cev kub nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
Slime qog: daim tawv nqaij ntawm amphibians tas li moistened los ntawm cov qog tshwj xeeb slime.
Kev xav: Yuav luag txhua tus amphibians muaj qhov pom kev zoo. Lawv hnov mob tshwj xeeb rau kev txav stimuli.
Vertebrates: Raws li vertebrates, cov neeg laus amphibians muaj tus txha nraub qaum.
Cov piv txwv ntawm amphibians yog dab tsi?
Qav nquab, axolotl, hluav taws salamander, qav, gecko, olm, ntoo qav, newt, tshuaj lom dart qav, smooth newt, toad, xuab zeb lizard.
Amphibians yog qhov qub tshaj plaws taxon ntawm terrestrial vertebrates.
Amphibians mus dhau ib qho metamorphosis: los ntawm daim ntawv larval mus rau theem neeg laus.
Nrog ua tiav metamorphosis, feem ntau amphibians kuj tau hloov lawv qhov chaw nyob (los ntawm dej mus rau av).
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm amphibians thiab cov tsiaj reptiles?
Amphibians nyiam qhov chaw nyob qis, zam lub hnub thiab maj mam txav mus rau hauv av. Lawv tsis haus, tab sis nqus cov kua los ntawm lawv cov tawv nqaij, uas feem ntau yog moist. Cov tsiaj reptiles nyiam kub-hlub, nyiam sunbathe thiab nquag haus dej. Lawv daim tawv nqaij horny yog ib txwm qhuav.
Puas yog amphibians sov - lossis ntshav txias?
Tag nrho cov amphibians yog ectotherms (dab tsi yog hu ua "txias ntshav"), ib qho zoo uas lawv koom nrog invertebrates, ntses, thiab cov tsiaj reptiles.
Dab tsi yog hom amphibian loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb?
Lub ntiaj teb loj tshaj plaws amphibian - Suav loj heev salamander (Andrias davidianus, pictured) -yuav tsum tau muab faib ua yam tsawg kawg tsib hom, tag nrho cov uas muaj kev phom sij rau cov tsiaj qus, raws li kev tshawb fawb tshiab.
Cov crocodiles puas raug cais ua amphibians lossis cov tsiaj reptiles?
Cov tsiaj reptiles yog vaub kib, nab, lizards, alligators, thiab crocodiles. Tsis zoo li amphibians, cov tsiaj reptiles tsuas yog ua pa los ntawm lawv lub ntsws thiab muaj cov tawv nqaij qhuav, scaly uas tiv thaiv lawv kom qhuav. Amphibians thiab cov tsiaj reptiles ua ke hu ua herpetofauna, los yog "herps" luv luv.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg thiab amphibians?
Cov tsiaj yug me nyuam yug me nyuam, thaum yug ntawm amphibians tshwm sim sab nraud. Cov tsiaj txhu yog cov ntshav sov, thaum amphibians yog ntshav txias. Cov tsiaj nyeg tuaj yeem nyob hauv txhua qhov chaw, tsis zoo li amphibians, thiab muaj xim muted. Qee cov amphibians tuaj yeem tsim kho lawv cov ceg.
Puas yog vaub kib yog cov tsiaj reptile lossis amphibian?
Cov vaub kib yog cov tsiaj nyiam. Lawv tus cwj pwm zoo, qeeb qeeb thiab qhov muag loj ua rau vaub kib zoo nkauj. Tab sis lawv yog thiab yuav nyob twj ywm cov tsiaj reptiles. Lawv tsis tshua muaj yeeb ncuab.
Yuav ua li cas amphibians txawv ntawm ntses?
Vim hais tias cov vertebrates primeval (jawless) thiab thawj vertebrates, cov ntses, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv dej. Cov amphibians tsim ib lub xeev hloov pauv thiab peb chav kawm hauv qab no tsis muaj dej. Ib qho kev zam rau qhov no yog qee cov tsiaj txhu, xws li whale, uas tau rov qab los rau hauv dej.
Dab tsi yog qhov ntse tshaj plaws amphibian?
Qhov tseeb, ntawm cov amphibians, cov anurans, los yog qav thiab toads, tej zaum yog cov ntse tshaj plaws, thiab muaj lub hlwb loj tshaj plaws rau lub cev piv ntawm cov amphibians.
Amphibians ua pa li cas?
Feem ntau amphibians ua pa ntawm lub ntsws thiab lawv cov tawv nqaij. Lawv cov tawv nqaij yuav tsum tau ntub dej kom lawv nqus tau cov pa oxygen kom lawv tso cov mucous kom lawv cov tawv nqaij qhuav (Yog tias lawv qhuav dhau, lawv ua tsis taus pa thiab tuag).
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm cov tsiaj reptiles, amphibians, thiab tsiaj txhu?
Amphibians thiab cov tsiaj reptiles yog cov tsiaj ntshav txias. Lawv cov haujlwm metabolic nce thiab txo qis nrog qhov kub thiab txias. Mammals, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog cov tsiaj sov. Koj lub cev ua pa yog npaj rau kev ua haujlwm siab metabolic tas li.