Mary Allen
Cov amphibians yog ib chav kawm ntawm vertebrates zoo li cov tsiaj txhu, noog, tsiaj reptiles thiab ntses. Hauv German lus lawv tseem hu ua Lurche. Lawv muab faib ua peb yam: creeping amphibians, qav thiab tailed amphibians. Cov kws tshawb fawb xav tias: Ntau pua lab xyoo dhau los, amphibians yog thawj tsiaj nyob rau hauv av.
Lo lus amphibian los ntawm Greek thiab txhais tau tias ob leeg nyob. Qhov no yog vim tias feem ntau amphibians nyob hauv dej thaum lawv tseem hluas, ua pa los ntawm gills zoo li ntses. Thaum lawv laus lawm, amphibians txav mus rau hauv av thiab tom qab ntawd nyob rau hauv av thiab hauv dej. Tom qab ntawd, zoo li tib neeg, lawv ua pa ntawm lub ntsws.
Nws daim tawv nqaij nyias thiab liab qab. Tsis tshua muaj calluses zoo li peb tib neeg muaj nyob rau ntawm peb txhais taw, piv txwv li. Cov tawv nqaij yuav du thiab moist los yog qhuav nrog warts. Qee cov amphibians muaj cov qog uas tuaj yeem tso venom. Qhov no tiv thaiv lawv ntawm cov yeeb ncuab.
Feem ntau amphibians nteg qe. Lawv tso cov qe no, tseem hu ua spawn, hauv dej. Tom qab ntawd lub larvae hatch tawm. Cov salamanders yog ib qho kev zam. Lawv yug tau cov larvae tiag tiag los yog tseem hluas.
Amphibians yog cov tsiaj ntshav txias: lawv lub cev kub ib txwm hloov vim nws hloov mus rau qhov kub ntawm nws ib puag ncig. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev kom lawv tsis txhob txias hauv dej thiab hauv roob.
Amphibians nyob li cas?
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws txog amphibians yog qhov kev hloov pauv uas lawv tau dhau los hauv lub neej. Qhov no hu ua "metamorphosis": larvae hatch los ntawm cov qe, uas ua pa nrog gills. Tom qab ntawd lub ntsws tsim. Ib tug pob txha loj hlob tuaj. Nws zoo ib yam li cov tsiaj txhu tab sis tsis muaj tav. Thaum amphibians hloov ntawm lub neej hauv dej mus rau lub neej hauv av, lawv ua pa nrog lawv lub ntsws thiab los ntawm lawv cov tawv nqaij. Cov gills ces loj tuaj.
Amphibians nyob txaus ntshai. Lawv yog cov khoom noj tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau ntau hom tsiaj. Lawv tiv thaiv tsis tau lawv tus kheej. Tab sis muaj ntau yam zoo heev ntawm camouflage. Lwm tus tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej nrog lawv cov kua dej lom hauv lub cev, uas lawv nthuav tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Cov amphibians no feem ntau strikingly xim. Koj cov tsiaj txhu yuav tsum nco ntsoov qhov no thiab tawm ntawm cov amphibians nyob ib leeg rau lwm zaus. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob lwj, cov amphibians yuav tsum tsim cov tub ntxhais hluas coob.
Thaum lub caij ntuj no, amphibians hibernate. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias lawv tso kua ntau npaum li sai tau los ntawm lawv lub cev thiab ua kom nruj heev raws li qhov tshwm sim. Tom qab ntawd koj daim tawv nqaij yuav qhuav thiab ntxhib. Thaum qhov kub thiab txias, lawv rov ua dua.
Cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev puas muaj amphibians?
Lub cev sab hauv ntawm amphibians yog tib yam li cov tsiaj reptiles. Ntxiv nrog rau lub plab zom mov, muaj ob lub raum uas tshem cov zis tawm ntawm cov ntshav. Lub qhov hluav taws xob sib koom ua ke rau cov quav thiab zis yog hu ua "cloaca". Tus poj niam kuj nteg nws cov qe los ntawm qhov kev tawm no.
Amphibians muaj cov kab mob tshwj xeeb thiab lub plawv yooj yim dua cov tsiaj thiab noog. Raws li cov tsiaj reptiles, cov ntshav tshiab sib xyaw nrog cov ntshav siv hauv lub plawv. Txawm li cas los xij, lub plawv ntawm amphibian yog me ntsis yooj yim dua li ntawm cov tsiaj reptile.
Koj faib cov amphibians li cas?
Feem ntau yog cov qav. Ntawm lawv yog cov qav, toads thiab toads. Lawv cov hluas hu ua tadpoles. Lawv tus Tsov tus tw regresses thaum metamorphosis. Lawv ob txhais ceg ua zog ntau dua li lawv ob txhais ceg pem hauv ntej. Lawv noj cov kab nyob, mollusks, kab laug sab thiab arthropods, uas lawv nqos tag nrho. Anurans nyob hauv txhua lub tebchaws tshwj tsis yog Antarctica thiab qee qhov chaw uas nws txias dhau.
Cov tailed amphibians yog tsawg heev. Lawv feem ntau muab faib ua salamanders, uas nyiam nyob rau hauv av, thiab newts, uas nyiam nyob hauv dej. Lawv lub cev yog elongated thiab muaj tus Tsov tus tw. Plaub ceg yog qhov loj tib yam. Lawv tsis dhia lossis dhia, lawv khiav. Lawv muaj vertebrae ntau tshaj cov qav. Tailed amphibians tsis nyiam txias los yog kub heev. Yog vim li cas lawv tsis muaj nyob hauv Africa, South Asia, lossis Australia. Tsuas muaj ob peb hom tshwj xeeb hauv South America.
Cov creeping amphibians tseem tsawg dua. Lawv kuj hu ua dig muag burrows. Lawv zoo li earthworms, tab sis lawv tsis yog. Lawv pom tsis zoo thiab tsuas paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov kaj thiab tsaus. Lawv nyob hauv lub tropics thiab subtropics, piv txwv li hauv Central America, South America, Africa, thiab Asia. Yog li lawv tsis pom nyob rau hauv North America thiab Europe.