Mary Allen
I ka leʻaleʻa aquarium, pili nā mea āpau i nā waiwai wai i loko o ka pahu. Inā hoʻohālikelike lākou i ka poʻe e noho ana i ka loko wai, e ulu aʻe nā mea a pau, akā inā ʻaʻole i kaulike ka waiwai, hoʻoweliweli ka ʻōnaehana holoʻokoʻa e hoʻokahuli. Maanei hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā waiwai e pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia a pehea e mālama ai iā lākou ma lalo o ka mana.
ʻAʻole wai mau ka wai
I loko o ke ʻano, nui nā wahi noho kahi e ʻai ai nā mea i lalo o ka wai. Mai nā ʻano ʻokoʻa e like me ke kai a i ʻole ka wai maʻemaʻe, hiki i kekahi ke hana i nā ʻanuʻu liʻiliʻi, no ka laʻana me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i "kau", "wai hāmama" a me "wai paʻakai"; i ka hihia o ka wai maʻemaʻe, hālāwai kekahi i nā ʻāpana e like me ka "wai paʻa" a i ʻole "ka wai kahe me nā kaha ikaika". I loko o kēia mau wahi noho a pau, loaʻa nā waiwai kikoʻī o ka wai, e hilinaʻi ana i nā mea e like me ka hopena o ke aniau, nā mea hoʻohui, a me ka pollution organik a me nā mea ʻole.
ʻO ka hihia kūikawā: nā Waiwai i loko o ka Aquarium
Inā mākou e nānā i ka honua i loko o ka aquarium, lilo ka mea āpau i mea kūikawā. ʻO kaʻokoʻa i keʻano,ʻo ke kīʻaha he pūnaewele paʻa, kahi i emiʻole i ka hopena o ke kaiapuni a me ka hau; Ma hope o nā mea a pau, aia ka loko i loko o ka hale a ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia i ka makani a me ka wā. ʻO kekahi mea ʻē aʻe ka liʻiliʻi o ka wai: Ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka wai, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o nā hewa liʻiliʻi, nā hopena a i ʻole nā hoʻololi i nā waiwai wai ma mua o ka hihia, no ka laʻana, i loko o kahi loko 300m² - waiho ʻia ma ke ākea. kai.
He mea koʻikoʻi ia mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana e koho ʻoe i ka waihona o kāu aquarium i loaʻa i nā iʻa a me nā mea kanu nā koi like i ko lākou kaiapuni. ʻAʻole pono e uhi i nā pono like ʻole. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi koho o ka poʻe noho wai i loaʻa ka ʻano kūlohelohe like, he mea nui e hoʻokumu i nā waiwai wai kūpono ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana. ʻAʻole koʻikoʻi ke kope ʻana i ke ʻano wai hoʻohālike 100%. ʻAʻole hiki kēia i loko o kahi aquarium maʻamau, a ʻo ka hapa nui o nā kamaʻāina he mau keiki i ulu ʻole i ka noho maoli. ʻO ka pahuhopu i haʻi ʻia ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā waiwai wai kūpaʻa e kūpono i nā pono o ka iʻa a me nā mea kanu i hoʻokumu ʻia kahi koena olaola olakino i loko o ka pahu i ka wā lōʻihi.
ʻO ka 7 Waiwai Nui Loa
Nitrate (NO3)
Ma ke kaʻina hana o ka wāwahi ʻana i nā lau mea kanu make a i ʻole nā mea iʻa, no ka laʻana, hana ʻia ka ammonium (NH4) a me ka amonia (NH3) i loko o ka aquarium. He mea make loa ka Ammonia. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, aia nā pūʻulu 2 o ka bacteria e hoʻololi mālie i kēia mau mea. Hoʻololi ka hui mua iā lākou i nitrite ʻona (NO2). Hoʻohana ka hui ʻelua i ka nitrite a hoʻololi iā ia i nitrate ʻino ʻole (NO3). ʻO ka nitrate i loko o ka nui a hiki i ka 35 mg / l ka mea maʻamau i loko o kahi aquarium paʻa a ʻaʻole e hōʻeha i kāu iʻa. A he mea maikaʻi ia no ka ulu ʻana o kāu mau mea kanu: Hāʻawi iā lākou i ka nui o ka nitrogen, a lākou e pono ai. Akā e makaʻala: hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole i nā ʻano kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole hiki mai kēia, akā pono ʻoe e makaʻala i kēia waiwai ma ka ʻaoʻao palekana.
Nitrite (NO2)
Hiki i ka Nitrite (NO2) ke lilo koke i mea weliweli i ke ola no kāu iʻa a me nā mea noho aquarium ʻē aʻe. No laila ʻaʻole pono e ʻike ʻia i loko o ka aquarium me nā hoʻāʻo wai maʻamau. Inā loaʻa ia, pono ʻoe e ʻimi koke i kāu aquarium no nā wahi pala. ʻO nā mea kanu make a me nā iʻa make i loko o ka loko wai ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka maikaʻi o ka wai. Wehe iā lākou a hana i kahi hoʻololi wai ʻāpana nui (ma kahi o 80%). ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hānai no nā lā 3 e hiki mai ana a pono e hoʻololi i ka wai 10% i kēlā me kēia lā. Ma hope o ka pōʻino, e nānā i ka nui o ka wai i hoʻokahi manawa i ka lā no ka liʻiliʻi o 7 mau lā. ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka waihona kiʻekiʻe he kumu pilikia no ka piʻi ʻana o ka nitrite.
Hoʻokahi wale nō manawa i ʻae ʻia a makemake ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka nitrite i loko o ka wai: ka hana holo-i loko. Piʻi wikiwiki ka waiwai i loko o kekahi mau lā a hāʻule hou. Maʻaneʻi e'ōlelo kekahi i ka "nitrite peak". Inā ʻaʻole ʻike hou ʻia ka nitrite, hiki i ka iʻa ke neʻe i loko o ka pahu.
Pona PH
ʻO kekahi o nā waiwai i ʻike pinepine ʻia ma waho o ka hobby aquarium ʻo ia ka waiwai pH. Hōʻike kēia i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻakika i loaʻa i kēlā me kēia kino wai. Hōʻike ʻia ma ka pālākiō mai ka ʻakika (pH 0– <7) a i ke kumu (pH> 7–14). Aia ka waiwai kūʻokoʻa i ka waiwai pH o 7. I loko o ka aquarium (e pili ana i ka nui o nā iʻa a me nā mea kanu), kūpono nā waiwai a puni kēia wahi ma waena o 6 a me 8. Ma luna o nā mea a pau, he mea nui e hoʻomau mau ka waiwai pH. Inā loli, ʻoluʻolu loa ka poʻe e noho ana i ka loko wai a hele mai i lalo o ka pilikia. No ka pale ʻana i kēia, pono ʻoe e nānā i kēia waiwai i hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule. Eia naʻe, hiki i ka paʻakikī carbonate kūpono ke kōkua ma aneʻi.
Huina paakiki (GH)
ʻO ka paʻakikī holoʻokoʻa (GH) hōʻike i ka ʻike o nā paʻakai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai - ʻoi aku ka calcium a me ka magnesium. Inā kiʻekiʻe kēia ʻike, ʻōlelo ʻia he paʻakikī ka wai; ina he haahaa, palupalu ka wai. Hāʻawi pinepine ʻia ka paʻakikī holoʻokoʻa i ka ° dH (= degere o ka paʻakikī Kelemania). He mea koʻikoʻi ia no nā kaʻina hana kūlohelohe āpau i ka aquarium a pono e nānā pono ʻia inā makemake ʻoe e hānai. E like me ka pH waiwai, he mea nui ma ʻaneʻi ke kulike ka GH me ka iʻa.
Ka paakiki kalapona (KH)
Aia kekahi "waiwai paʻakikī" i loko o ka aquarium: ʻO ka paʻakikī carbonate (KH) hōʻike i ka ʻike o ka hydrogen carbonate i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai. Ua haʻi mua ʻia kēia waiwai no ka waiwai pH no ka mea ʻo ka KH ka mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ia. ʻO ia ka mea e hoʻokūpaʻa i ka pH a pale i nā loli mai ka hiki wawe. He mea nui e ʻike ʻaʻole ʻo ka paʻakikī carbonate he waiwai paʻa. Hoʻopili ʻia ia e nā kaʻina hana biological i loko o ka aquarium.
Kalepona dioxide (CO2)
A laila, hele mākou i ka carbon dioxide (CO2). E like me kākou nā kānaka, hoʻopau ka iʻa i ka oxygen i ka hanu ʻana a hāʻawi i ka carbon dioxide ma ke ʻano he huahana metabolic - i loko o ka aquarium hele pololei kēia i ka wai. Ua like ia me nā mea kanu, ma ke ala: ʻai lākou i ka CO2 i ke ao a hoʻopuka i ka oxygen pono mai ia mea, akā i ka pō ua hoʻohuli ʻia kēia kaʻina hana a lilo pū lākou i mea hana kalapona. ʻO ka waiwai CO2 - e like me ka pH waiwai - pono e nānā mau ʻia, no ka mea hiki ke lilo i pilikia maoli no ka iʻa, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, he mea nui ia no nā mea kanu. No laila, pono ʻoe e nānā mau i ka pilina holoʻokoʻa o ka waiwai CO2, KH, a me ka pH no ka mea ua hoʻoikaika lākou i kekahi i kekahi: No ka laʻana, hiki i nā loli CO2 liʻiliʻi ke alakaʻi i nā loli pH koʻikoʻi loa, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka KH.
Oxygen (O2)
ʻO ka Oxygen (O2) paha ka waiwai nui (vital) i loko o ka aquarium, no ka mea, me ka ʻole o ia mea, ʻaʻole hiki i nā iʻa a me nā mea kanu a i ʻole nā hua bacteria maikaʻi, nāna e hoʻopau i ka wai o nā mea haumia, hiki ke ola. Komo mua ka Oxygen i ka wai loko ma o nā mea kanu (i ka lā), ka ʻili wai, a me nā ʻenehana hou e like me nā aerators a me nā pōhaku ea.
Hoʻohana i nā huahana mālama wai
I kēia manawa ua nānā mākou i nā waiwai nui o ka wai, makemake mākou e wehewehe pōkole pehea e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai kēia mau waiwai a hoʻoponopono ʻia ma ke ʻano kūpono: ʻo ia hoʻi me nā mea hoʻoponopono a me nā mea hoʻoponopono wai. No ka laʻana, inā ʻoe e nānā i ka pae mālama wai i loko o kahi hale kūʻai holoholona, aia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau no kēlā me kēia waiwai wai e hoʻihoʻi i ka waiwai kūpono. He mea nui e hoʻokūpaʻa i hiki iā lākou ke kōkua wale i kekahi ʻano: inā, no ka laʻana, ʻaʻole pololei ka pilina ma waena o ka nui o ka pahu a me ka waihona iʻa, ʻaʻole hiki i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai maikaʻi ke kōkua i ke koena olaola i ka wā lōʻihi.
ʻAʻole ia he ʻōlelo ʻaʻole pono nā mea hoʻoponopono hoʻoponopono a me nā mea hoʻonaninani wai: pono lākou e hoʻohana me ka mālama. No laila, ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomaka i ka leʻaleʻa aquarium, pono ʻoe e hoʻoponopono mua i ka pilikia wai ma mua o kou hoʻololi ʻana me nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai ma hope i mea e loaʻa ai nā waiwai wai kūpono.